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Public Goods and Common Resources 2755
39. Which of the following goods is excludable but not rival in consumption?
a. a congested toll road
b. fire protection in a small town
c. a tornado siren
d. whales in the ocean
40. Under which of the following scenarios would a park be considered a common resource?
a. Visitors to the park must pay an admittance fee, but there are always plenty of empty picnic
tables.
b. Visitors to the park must pay an admittance fee and frequently all of the picnic tables are in
use.
c. Visitors can enter the park free of charge and there are always plenty of empty picnic tables.
d. Visitors can enter the park free of charge, but frequently all of the picnic tables are in use.
2756 Public Goods and Common Resources
41. Under which of the following scenarios would a park be considered a public good?
a. Visitors to the park must pay an admittance fee, but there are always plenty of empty picnic
tables.
b. Visitors to the park must pay an admittance fee and frequently all of the picnic tables are in
use.
c. Visitors can enter the park free of charge and there are always plenty of empty picnic tables.
d. Visitors can enter the park free of charge, but frequently all of the picnic tables are in use.
42. Under which of the following scenarios would a park be considered a club good?
a. Visitors to the park must pay an admittance fee, but there are always plenty of empty picnic
tables.
b. Visitors to the park must pay an admittance fee and frequently all of the picnic tables are in
use.
c. Visitors can enter the park free of charge and there are always plenty of empty picnic tables.
d. Visitors can enter the park free of charge, but frequently all of the picnic tables are in use.
Public Goods and Common Resources 2757
43. A vacation home in Malibu is
a. not rival in consumption and excludable.
b. rival in consumption and excludable.
c. not rival in consumption and not excludable.
d. rival in consumption and not excludable.
44. An internet radio broadcast is
a. excludable and rival in consumption.
b. excludable and not rival in consumption.
c. not excludable and rival in consumption.
d. not excludable and not rival in consumption.
2758 Public Goods and Common Resources
45. A pizza is
a. excludable and rival in consumption.
b. excludable and nonrival in consumption.
c. nonexcludable and rival in consumption.
d. nonexcludable and nonrival in consumption.
46. A local park filled with picnickers is
a. excludable and rival in consumption.
b. excludable and not rival in consumption.
c. not excludable and rival in consumption.
d. not excludable and not rival in consumption.
47. A cable television broadcast of a movie is
a. excludable and rival in consumption.
b. excludable and not rival in consumption.
c. not excludable and rival in consumption.
d. not excludable and not rival in consumption.
Public Goods and Common Resources 2759
48. A congested side street in your neighborhood is
a. excludable and rival in consumption.
b. excludable and not rival in consumption.
c. not excludable and rival in consumption.
d. not excludable and not rival in consumption.
49. Pay-per-view broadcasts are
a. private goods.
b. club goods.
c. common resources.
d. public goods.
50. The Great Lakes are
a. private goods.
b. club goods.
c. common resources.
d. public goods.
2760 Public Goods and Common Resources
51. A streetlight is a
a. private good.
b. club good.
c. common resource.
d. public good.
52. A mobile phone is a
a. private good.
b. club good.
c. common resource.
d. public good.
Public Goods and Common Resources 2761
53. At the local park there is a playground for children to use. While anyone is allowed to use the
playground, it is often very busy, reducing the enjoyment of many of the children who use it. The
playground is a
a. private good.
b. club good.
c. common resource.
d. public good.
54. At the local park there is a playground that anyone may use. There is rarely anyone using the
playground, so children who use the playground receive full enjoyment from its use. The
playground is
a. rival in consumption and is excludable.
b. not rival in consumption, but is excludable.
c. rival in consumption, but is not excludable.
d. not rival in consumption nor is it excludable.
2762 Public Goods and Common Resources
55. The Mansfield Public Library has a large number of books that anyone with a library card may
borrow. Anyone can obtain a card for free. Because the number of copies of each book is limited,
not everyone can have the same book at the same time. What type of good would the library
books be classified as in this case?
a. private goods
b. club goods
c. common resources
d. public goods
56. The Pennsylvania Turnpike is a tolled freeway running through the state of Pennsylvania.
Motorists must pay tolls at various points along the Turnpike based on the distance they traveled
on the freeway. Suppose that despite the tolls, many motorists in the urban areas use the Turnpike
causing traffic to slow during peak times. What type of good would the Turnpike be classified as
in this case?
a. private good
b. club good
c. common resource
d. public good
Public Goods and Common Resources 2763
57. Consider a public road that anyone is allowed to drive on. If the road is often congested, the road
would be considered a
a. private good.
b. club good.
c. common resource.
d. public good.
58. Fire protection is a
a. club good, because it is excludable but not rival in consumption.
b. club good, because it is rival in consumption but not excludable.
c. a public good, because it is excludable but not rival in consumption.
d. a public good, because it is rival in consumption but not excludable.
2764 Public Goods and Common Resources
59. A cheeseburger is a
a. common resource, because it is rival in consumption but not excludable.
b. public good, because it is rival in consumption but not excludable.
c. public good, because it is excludable and rival in consumption.
d. private good, because it is excludable and rival in consumption.
60. Because it is
a. neither excludable nor rival in consumption, a tornado siren is a common resource.
b. neither excludable nor rival in consumption, a tornado siren is a public good.
c. excludable but not rival in consumption, a tornado siren is produced by a natural monopoly.
d. rival in consumption but not excludable, a tornado siren is a common resource.
61. People cannot be prevented from using a good if the good is
a. a private good or a public good.
b. a private good or a common resource.
c. a public good or a common resource.
d. a public good or a club good.
Public Goods and Common Resources 2765
62. People can be prevented from using a good if the good is
a. a private good or a club good.
b. a private good or a common resource.
c. a public good or a common resource.
d. a private good or a public good.
63. Suppose the government has enacted policies to influence the amount of good x that is supplied.
These policies are most likely to improve the allocation of resources if good x is
a. basic research.
b. a congested toll road.
c. spinach.
d. clothing.
2766 Public Goods and Common Resources
64. A good that is rival in consumption and not excludable is called a
a. public good.
b. common resource.
c. club good.
d. private good.
65. Which of the following statements about private goods and public goods is correct?
a. Private goods and public goods are both excludable.
b. Private goods and public goods are both rival in consumption.
c. Private goods are not excludable and public goods are excludable.
d. Private goods are rival in consumption and public goods are not excludable.
66. Which of the following types of goods are rival in consumption?
a. private goods and club goods
b. private goods and common resources
c. public goods and club goods
d. public goods and common resources
Public Goods and Common Resources 2767
67. Examples of goods that are excludable include
a. fireworks displays and fire protection.
b. internet radio subscriptions and knowledge.
c. premium movie channels and streetlights.
d. mobile phones and fire protection.
68. Because it is
a. excludable but not rival in consumption, a sweatshirt is a club good.
b. rival in consumption but not excludable, a sweatshirt is a club good.
c. both excludable and rival in consumption, a sweatshirt is a private good.
d. neither excludable nor rival in consumption, a sweatshirt is a public good.
2768 Public Goods and Common Resources
A
B
C
D
Figure 11-1
Rival in Consumption?
Yes No
Excludable? Yes
No
69. Refer to Figure 11-1. The box labeled A represents
a. private goods.
b. club goods.
c. common resources.
d. public goods.
70. Refer to Figure 11-1. The box labeled B represents
a. private goods.
b. club goods.
c. common resources.
d. public goods.
Public Goods and Common Resources 2769
71. Refer to Figure 11-1. The box labeled C represents
a. private goods.
b. club goods.
c. common resources.
d. public goods.
72. Refer to Figure 11-1. The box labeled D represents
a. private goods.
b. club goods.
c. common resources.
d. public goods.
2770 Public Goods and Common Resources
73. Refer to Figure 11-1. Emma’s use of good x does not affect anyone else’s use of good x.
Neither Emma nor anyone else can be prevented from using the good. Good x is an example of
the type of good that belongs in
a. Box A, which represents private goods.
b. Box B, which represents common resources.
c. Box C, which represents common resources.
d. Box D, which represents public goods.
74. Refer to Figure 11-1. A gym membership at a gym that always has space in classes and on
machines is an example of the type of good represented by Box
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
Public Goods and Common Resources 2771
75. Refer to Figure 11-1. A tornado siren in a small town is an example of the type of good
represented by Box
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
76. Refer to Figure 11-1. A bottle of soda is an example of the type of good represented by Box
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
2772 Public Goods and Common Resources
77. Refer to Figure 11-1. For which two boxes is it the case that externalities arise because
something of value has no price attached to it?
a. Box A and Box B
b. Box A and Box C
c. Box B and Box D
d. Box C and Box D
78. Refer to Figure 11-1. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. A congested toll road is an example of the type of good represented by Box B.
b. An uncongested toll road is an example of the type of good represented by Box D.
c. A congested nontoll road is an example of the type of good represented by Box C.
d. An uncongested nontoll road is an example of the type of good represented by Box A.
Public Goods and Common Resources 2773
79. Refer to Figure 11-1. Which of the following items is not an example of the type of good
represented by Box D?
a. a mathematical theorem
b. an uncongested toll road
c. national defense
d. fighting poverty
80. Refer to Figure 11-1. Which of the following items is not a clear-cut example of the type of
good represented by Box A?
a. a mobile phone
b. a garden of blooming flowers
c. a candy bar
d. a stapler
2774 Public Goods and Common Resources
81. Refer to Figure 11-1. Which of the following items is not a clear-cut example of the type of
good represented by Box D?
a. a fireworks display in a town with many residents
b. national defense
c. general knowledge
d. a lighthouse
82. Refer to Figure 11-1. Once good x is provided, policymakers need to be concerned about how
much of it is used. Good x is an example of the type of good represented by Box
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
