40. Dowry deaths are found most often in which part of the world?
a. India
b. Mexico
c. China
d. Kenya
e. France
41. Male gender bias is expressed in all of the following EXCEPT:
a. female infanticide.
b. “honorkillings.”
c. nutritional deprivation of female children.
d. egalitarianism.
e. domestic violence.
42. Where are there very pronounced rates of female infanticide?
a. Ethiopia
b. India
c. Australia
d. Bulgaria
e. Italy
Chapter11—SexandGender
43. All of the following statements about female genital cutting are correct EXCEPT:
a. it has affected more than 140 million women worldwide.
b. it has been condemned by international medical and humans rights groups.
c. it only slightly lowers the chances of infant mortality during childbirth.
d. it is customary in parts of the Middle East and Africa.
e. more than 3 million are performed every year.
44. Most violence to women in the United States occurs:
a. in public places.
b. at the workplace.
c. in church.
d. in their homes.
e. atrelatives’homes.
45. In the United States, occupational segregation along gender lines:
a. has disappeared because of the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment.
b. is still high, with a number of occupations, such as those with supervisory positions, being primarily reserved
for females.
c. has dramatically declined in most areas.
d. has actually become more severe over the last four decades.
e. is aggravated by race.
Chapter11—SexandGender
46. Which statement about violence against women in the U.S. is FALSE?
a. Approximately half of female murder victims are killed by a current or former husband/boyfriend.
b. Many cases of violence against women go unreported each year.
c. Most rapes are committed by strangers.
d. Most violence against women occurs in the home, not on the street.
e. Physical violence against women is a direct consequence of gender ideology in the U.S.
47. Men in the U.S. have higher mortality rates than women because men are more likely to do all of the following
EXCEPT:
a. have a higher biological tendency for sickness and stress-induced illnesses.
b. abuse their bodies with tobacco, alcohol, and drugs.
c. engage in high-risk behavior.
d. suffer from greater job related stress.
e. work jobs that are associated with higher risks.
48. Women have a greater tendency than men to develop each of the following diseases/disorders in the U.S. EXCEPT:
a. carpal tunnel syndrome.
b. alcoholism.
c. stress disorders.
d. parasitic diseases.
e. tendonitis.
Chapter11—SexandGender
49. Whatisthetraditionalmeaningofa“doubleworkload?”
a. A condition associated with men and women in which one gender has to work two jobs to survive
b. The condition under which a single, unmarried woman works two jobs to be able to afford her household
c. A situation in which married women work both in outside employment and also within the home
d. The condition under which a single female-headed household is supported solely by earnings of the mother
herself
e. A situation in which both the male and female in a household must be employed in order for the family to
survive
50. Gender ideology in most societies is used to justify:
a. male violence.
b. male dominance.
c. female dominance.
d. female infanticide.
e. wage disparities.
51. Cross-cultural studies of gender have found that some societies have more categories than just female and male.
a. True
b. False
Chapter11—SexandGender
52. The sum of biological differences between males and females is known as gender.
a. True
b. False
53. No society fails to regulate sexual conduct in some way.
a. True
b. False
54. Sambian men of New Guinea always retain a dual role as homosexuals and heterosexuals in their adult lives.
a. True
b. False
55. Among the Dani of New Guinea, there is a low sexual expressiveness as a cultural norm.
a. True
b. False
Chapter11—SexandGender
56. Women’srolesmustalwaysbecompatiblewithpregnancy,breastfeeding,andchildcare.
a. True
b. False
57. A common form of dowry death in India is setting the wife on fire with kerosene.
a. True
b. False
58. AccordingtoDeborahTannen,womenintheU.S.engagein“reporttalk”whilemenengagein“rapporttalk.”
a. True
b. False
59. “Genderlects”representsexualsymmetryinlanguage.
a. True
b. False
60. The Hindu system of sex segregation is called burkah.
a. True
b. False
Chapter11—SexandGender
61. Gender discrimination persists in the United States against women.
a. True
b. False
62. Because of a cultural focus on nurturing, the Minangkabau of West Sumatra have more cooperative gender
relationships.
a. True
b. False
63. More than two-thirds of all illiterate people in the world today are women.
a. True
b. False
64. Women in the U.S. have higher mortality rates than men because they are most often victims of family violence.
a. True
b. False
Chapter11—SexandGender
65. Despite decades of legislation aimed at reducing gender discrimination in the U.S., the majority of men and women
work in gender-segregated occupations.
a. True
b. False
66. Dowry deaths in India have been on the decline since the 1990s.
a. True
b. False
67. Men in the United States are better paid than women, even though the gap has been narrowing in recent decades.
a. True
b. False
68. There is a skewed sex ratio in the adult population in India and China today.
a. True
b. False
Chapter11—SexandGender
69. Generalized male dominance is buttressed by gender ideology.
a. True
b. False
70. Female circumcision is classified as a form of gender exploitation.
a. True
b. False
71. What is the significance of sexual dimorphism in humans?
72. What historical and social difficulties do anthropologists face as they study human sexuality?
73. What types of gender roles are frequently shared between men and women cross culturally?
Chapter11—SexandGender
74. Why are there more stay-at-home dads now than 50 years ago?
75. What are genderlects? Give an example.
76. Why is it difficult to measure gender stratification?
77. Whatismeantbythe“feminizationofpoverty?”
78. Namefourformationalareas(associatedwithgenderstratification)inwhichtheworld’swomenhavenotfaredas
well as men.
79. What is gender ideology?
Chapter11—SexandGender
80. List three types of exploitation caused by gender ideology.
81. Are there any universals about gender roles across all societies? Is male dominance universal? Use examples from
your reading to support your position.
82. Genderisa“plastic”construct,meaningthatitisadaptedtoparticularcontexts.Describesomeexamplesofgender
constructs that do not conform to the male-female dichotomy.
83. How important are economic factors in the definition of gender in the United States? What factors have pushed
womenintooroutoftheworkforce?Howimportanthavefamilyconsiderationsbeeninwomen’sentryintothepaid
laborforce?Whyisthereadifferencebetweenwomen’sandmen’swages?
84. What is the relationship between subsistence and gender? Consider at least three different types of societies (hunting
and gathering, horticultural, pastoral, or agrarian) and compare and contrast the effects of subsistence on male and
female status.
Chapter11—SexandGender
85. There are societies where men have traditionally taken care of children and participated heavily in child rearing, such
as the Navajo. Consider social differences between males and females in your own society and discuss how child-
rearing might vary depending on whether a father or mother performed the primary duties.
86. What is gender stratification? If women are not allowed to hold important positions in religious activities, does that
indicate stratification? Does the prohibition of women from the same economic activities as men always indicate
stratification?
87. Consider a different cultural scenario: Does the rigid definition of gender roles in the Middle East mean that women
will always have lower status than men? Can there be any type of equality for women when they have a separate
sphere from men? Does veiling itself create inequality? Can the separation of women and men benefit women?
88. Discuss some of the variations in male homosexuality throughout the world.
89. Occupational segregation is common in the United States, even though it has changed significantly over the last
decades.Makealistof“traditional”maleandfemaleoccupationsandthosethataresharedsomewhatequallyby
both. Can you defend this separation? Why or why not?
Chapter11—SexandGender
90. Men in the United States have a higher mortality rate than women at all ages. How do gender roles connect directly
tomen’squalityanddurationoflife?
Chapter11—SexandGender