Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
a) Rational-Empirical Approach
b) Normative-Reeducation Approach
c) Power-Coercive Approach
d) Environmental-Adaptive Approach
e) Empirical-Scientific Approach
31. The view that conflict is negative and should be avoided is a part of:
a) Polarity Management View of Conflict
b) Contemporary View of Conflict
c) Change Resistance View of Conflict
d) Traditional View of Conflic
e) Interactionist View of Conflict
32. The _____ manages conflict by suppressing it before it occurs or eliminating it as
soon as possible.
a) Polarity Management View of Conflict
b) Contemporary View of Conflict
c) Change Resistance View of Conflict
d) Traditional View of Conflic
e) Interactionist View of Conflict
33. The view that positive conflict should be encouraged would be posited by one
who adheres to which of the following:
a) Polarity Management View of Conflict
b) Contemporary View of Conflict
c) Change Resistance View of Conflict
d) Traditional View of Conflic
e) Interactionist View of Conflict
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
34. The _____ suggests that conflict is inevitable and natural and can be positive or
negative depending on how it is handled.
a) Polarity Management View of Conflict
b) Contemporary View of Conflict
c) Change Resistance View of Conflict
d) Traditional View of Conflic
e) Interactionist View of Conflict
35. The view that conflict is an important and necessary ingredient for performance is
the
a) Polarity Management View of Conflict
b) Contemporary View of Conflict
c) Change Resistance View of Conflict
d) Traditional View of Conflic
e) Interactionist View of Conflict
36. The view that embraces conflict because teams can become stagnant and
complacent if too harmonious or tranquil is the
a) Polarity Management View of Conflict
b) Contemporary View of Conflict
c) Change Resistance View of Conflict
d) Traditional View of Conflic
e) Interactionist View of Conflict
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
37. Sometimes when a cooling off period is a wise choice, a person would use _____.
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
38. _____ focuses on retreating, withdrawing or ignoring the conflict.
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
39. A useful approach to managing conflict when trying to reach an overall goal when
the goal is more important that the personal interests of the parties involved is:
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
40. When there is no common ground and you are sure you are right and when time is
of the essence, one would probably take the _________ approach for managing
conflict.
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
41. When using the _____ approach, one party gains at the other party’s expense.
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
42. When using _____, a person uses his or her dominant authority to resolve the
conflict.
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
43. _____ is useful when resolving complex issues that must be solved in a short time
frame and the risks and rewards are moderately high.
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
44. _____ involves one person or group giving something up in exchange for gaining
something else.
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
45. _____ involves confronting and attempting to resovle the problem by
incorporating different ideas, viewpoints, and perspectives.
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
46. _____ requires a willingness to engage in good-faith problem-solving that
facilitates open and honest communication.
a) Avoidance
b) Accommodation
c) Forcing
d) Compromise
e) Collaboration
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
Short Answer
1. In your own words, define change management.
2. Describe Force Field Analysis.
3. Describe the three stages of Lewin’s model for change.
4. Using Leavitt’s model, provide an example of how an electronic commerce
application would affect the organization’s people, technology, task, and
structure.
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
5. Why is having a change management plan important?
6. What is a change sponsor? What is the difference between an initiating
sponsor and a sustaining sponsor?
7. What is a change agent? What role does a change agent play?
8. What is a target? Why are targets important to a change initiative?
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
9. Describe the rational-empirical approach to change. What things would a
change management plan address under this approach?
10. Describe the normative-reeducation approach to change. What things would
a change management plan address under this approach?
11. Describe the power-coercive approach to change. What things would a
change management plan address under this approach?
12. Describe the environmental-adaptive approach to change. What things
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
would a change management plan address under this approach?
13. Describe the traditional view of conflict.
14. Describe the contemporary view of conflict
15. Describe the interactionist view of conflict.
16. What is the avoidance approach to dealing with conflict? When is it most
useful? When is it not appropriate?
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
17. What is the accommodation approach to dealing with conflict? When is it
most useful? When is it not appropriate?
18. What is the forcing approach to dealing with conflict? When is it most
useful? When is it not appropriate?
19. What is the compromise approach to dealing with conflict? When is it most
useful? When is it not appropriate?
20. What is the collaboration approach to dealing with conflict? When is it most
useful? When is it not appropriate?
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
Information Technology Project Management 5e – Marchewka
Essay Questions
1. Many people accept the notion that it is easier to gain compliance than acceptance.
Why is that view prevalent and why might it be faulty?
2 What are assimilation and a change threshold? How are these ideas related?
3. Describe Lewin’s Force Field Analysis in terms of forces, states, and the alteration
of state stability.
4. How do Elizabeth Kübler-Ross’ grieving stages relate to the emotional turmoil that
can be brought about by change?
5. Briefly describe the four areas that form the framework for developing a change
management plan.
6. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the Rational-Empirical strategy for
change?
7. What is the Environmental-Adaptive strategy for change and what conditions might
make it a good strategy to adopt?
8. The text describes three views of conflict; describe these separate views. Which one
do you believe is true about the nature of conflict and why?
9. What are the typical approaches to managing conflict and under what conditions
might one choose each of them?