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Figure 11.1
Using Figure 11.1, match the following:
52)
Which neuron is never myelinated?
52)
53)
Which neuron would connect to a muscle?
53)
54)
Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. The majority of
these axonal knobs are shown to be "firing." However, the neuron in question does not
transmit an impulse. Give a valid explanation of why this could occur.
54)
Figure 11.1
Using Figure 11.1, match the following:
55)
Which neuron is rare?
55)
56)
Which pattern of neural processing is important for higher level mental processing such as
problem solving?
56)
57)
That part of the nervous system that is voluntary and conducts impulses from the CNS to
the skeletal muscles is the ________ nervous system.
57)
58)
Because all action potentials are alike, how does the brain separate situations that require
immediate attention from ordinary "positional" reports?
58)
Figure 11.2
Using Figure 11.2, match the following:
59)
Synaptic vesicles.
59)
60)
Ion channel.
60)
Figure 11.1
Using Figure 11.1, match the following:
61)
Which is by far the most common neuron type?
61)
62)
When information is delivered within the CNS simultaneously by different parts of the
neural pathway, the process is called ________ processing.
62)
Figure 11.1
Using Figure 11.1, match the following:
63)
Which neuron would be found in the retina of the eye?
63)
64)
A chemical messenger that does not directly cause ESPSs or IPSPs but does affect the
strength of synaptic transmission is a ________.
64)
65)
What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier?
65)
66)
What are the basic divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
66)
67)
What mechanism is responsible for axonal transport?
67)
Explanation:
Figure 11.1
Using Figure 11.1, match the following:
68)
Which neuron is common only in dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord and sensory
ganglia of cranial nerves?
68)
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
69)
The oligodendrocytes can myelinate several axons.
69)
70)
During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative.
70)
71)
A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into
the synapse between two neurons.
71)
72)
In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of
Ranvier.
72)
73)
Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase.
73)
74)
Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system.
74)
75)
Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine.
75)
76)
The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must
be stimulated for conduction to take place.
76)
77)
The nodes of Ranvier are found only on myelinated, peripheral neuron processes.
77)
78)
Large-diameter nerve fibers conduct impulses much faster than small-diameter fibers.
78)
79)
Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses to stimuli.
79)
80)
Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups.
80)
81)
The action potential is caused by permeability changes in the plasma membrane.
81)
82)
Some neurotransmitters can be either excitatory or inhibitory depending upon the receptor.
82)
83)
Efferent nerve fibers may be described as motor nerve fibers.
83)
84)
A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic
end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane.
84)
85)
The autonomic nervous system is under voluntary control; whereas, the somatic nervous system is
involuntary.
85)
86)
Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes.
86)
87)
Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the oligodendrocyte.
87)
88)
Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse conduction velocity.
88)
89)
If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them.
89)
90)
The overlapping functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, and motor output.
90)
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following:
91)
Receives stimuli.
A)
Receptive region
Match the following:
92)
An exceptionally strong stimulus can
trigger a response.
A)
Relative refractory period
92)
Match the following:
93)
Area where nerve impulse is
generated.
94)
Plasma membrane exhibits
voltage-gated Ca2+ channels.
A)
Secretory region
93)
94)
Match the following:
95)
An insufficient stimulus.
A)
Subthreshold stimulus
95)
Match the following:
96)
Involved in activating fibers of a
skeletal muscle such as the biceps
muscle.
A)
Diverging circuit
96)
Match the following:
97)
Stimulation of a postsynaptic neuron
by many terminals at the same time.
A)
Spatial summation
97)
Match the following:
98)
The neuron cannot respond to a
second stimulus, no matter how
strong.
A)
Absolute refractory period
98)
Match the following:
99)
Involved in control of rhythmic
activities such as breathing.
100)
May be involved in complex, exacting
types of mental processing.
101)
One incoming fiber triggers responses
in ever-increasing numbers farther
and farther along the circuit.
A)
Diverging circuit
C)
Reverberating circuit
99)
100)
101)
Match the following:
102)
Numerous nerve impulses arriving at
a synapse at closely timed intervals
exert a cumulative effect.
A)
Temporal summation
102)
Match the following:
103)
The interior of the cell becomes less
negative due to an influx of sodium
ions.
104)
The specific period during which
potassium ions diffuse out of the
neuron due to a change in membrane
permeability.
105)
Also called a nerve impulse
transmitted by axons.
A)
Repolarization
B)
Action potential
103)
104)
105)
Match the following:
106)
Axon terminals release
neurotransmitters.
A)
Secretory zone
106)
Match the following:
107)
Any stimulus below this intensity will
result in no response in a neuron.
A)
Threshold stimulus
107)
Match the following:
108)
Different types of sensory input can
have the same ultimate effect.
A)
Converging circuit
108)
Match the following:
109)
Plasma membrane exhibits chemically
gated ion channels.
A)
Receptive region
109)
110)
Plasma membrane exhibits
voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels.
A)
Conducting region
110)
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
111)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the myelin sheaths are destroyed. What process does this interfere
with and what would be the consequence?
112)
Sally, a 5-year-old child, was bitten on the hand by a bat that was later diagnosed with rabies. She was
immediately treated after the bite but had to go through a series of more involved treatments after the rabies
diagnosis in the bat that bit her. How does the rabies virus get to the brain from a simple hand wound?
113)
What symptoms would a nurse focus on in his or her care of a patient with multiple sclerosis?
114)
A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). She asks the nurse, "Why did
this have to happen to me again? I was doing so well." Explain why some forms of MS are characterized by
periods of remission and exacerbation.
115)
A patient was admitted for depression. What should the nurse explain to the patient regarding the role of
serotonin and depression?
Answer Key
Testname: C11
Answer Key
Testname: C11
Answer Key
Testname: C11
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