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True / False
1. The Court has ruled that school officials have the right to censor “active speech” when that speech is disruptive of the
learning environment.
a.
True
b.
False
2. The school experience is not a significant factor in shaping the direction of an adolescent’s life course.
a.
True
b.
False
3. The relationship between school failure and persistent offending is unclear.
a.
True
b.
False
4. Safe Harbor is a bullying intervention program first developed in Norway.
a.
True
b.
False
5. Student alienation has also been identified as a link between school failure and delinquency.
a.
True
b.
False
6. Police need probable cause before they can conduct a search, but educators can legally search students when there are
reasonable grounds to believe the students have violated the law or broken school rules.
a.
True
b.
False
7. In regard to drug testing of student athletes, the only consequence of a failed drug test is to limit the student’s privilege
of participating in extracurricular activities.
a.
True
b.
False
8. In general, students have the right to expect that their records will be kept private.
a.
True
b.
False
9. Training students to resist peer pressure is a cognitive approach to preventing delinquency.
a.
True
b.
False
10. Poverty and economic marginality may directly impact learning and consequently a child’s future chances of success.
a.
True
b.
False
11. American students consistently outperform Chinese students on standardized students.
a.
True
b.
False
12. There is little relationship between educational achievement and economic disadvantage.
a.
True
b.
False
13. Being out of school without permission is the definition of “truant.”
a.
True
b.
False
14. School failure is a direct cause of delinquent behavior.
a.
True
b.
False
15. Tracking has little relation to school failure.
a.
True
b.
False
16. Teachers are also the victims of school violence and intimidation.
a.
True
b.
False
17. Generally speaking, the trend in school violence has been decreasing over the last two decades.
a.
True
b.
False
18. Generally speaking, most school shootings are spontaneous and impulsive.
a.
True
b.
False
19. Social withdrawal is one of several factors linked to school violence.
a.
True
b.
False
20. The affective strategy to preventing school violence is to treat youths who have manifested problems.
a.
True
b.
False
21. The primary agent of socialization in the United States is the _____.
a.
peer group
b.
school
c.
media
d.
church
22. Today, more than 90% of the school-age population attends school, compared with _____ in 1890.
a.
7%
b.
17%
c.
27%
d.
37%
23. According to the text, the latest data tells us that more than _____ of school-aged children have reported being bullied
at least once in the past year.
a.
30%
b.
50%
c.
60%
d.
70%
24. According to the text, it is now estimated that one out of _____ children are unprepared when they enter kindergarten.
a.
4
b.
5
c.
8
d.
10
25. Since 1972, dropout rates have remained the highest for _____.
a.
Whites
b.
African Americans
c.
Hispanics
d.
Asians
26. Students living in low-income families are approximately _____ times more likely to drop out than their peers from
high-income families.
a.
two
b.
four
c.
six
d.
eight
27. Those who fail to meet expected levels of school achievement are referred to as _____.
a.
failures
b.
truants
c.
underachievers
d.
latchkey children
28. Researchers commonly find that _____ is a stronger predictor of delinquency than such personal variables as
economic class membership or peer group relations.
a.
heredity
b.
school failure
c.
race
d.
IQ
29. A dysfunctional home life or psychological abnormalities are examples of what type of correlate of school failure?
a.
Alienation
b.
Social class
c.
Tracking
d.
Personal problems
30. _____ refers to dividing students into groups according to their ability and achievement levels.
a.
Labeling
b.
Identifying
c.
Testing
d.
Tracking
31. The high school dropout rate would be highest in which type of school?
a.
Rural agricultural
b.
Urban middle-class
c.
Urban upscale
d.
Inner-city, predominantly minority
32. Research shows that the _____ is one of the most important predictors of campus crime and violence.
a.
school climate
b.
lack of parental involvement
c.
gang membership
d.
standardized testing
33. Which is not a factor linked to school violence?
a.
Being quiet and reserved
b.
Membership in hate groups
c.
Being a victim of violence
d.
Drug use
34. The first, and best-known, intervention program to reduce bullying among school children was launched in _____.
a.
Germany
b.
Norway
c.
England
d.
Japan
35. Which is not a source of student alienation?
a.
School size
b.
School sports
c.
Irrelevant curriculum
d.
Lack of payoff
36. Which federal agency has developed a profile of school shootings and school shooters?
a.
A.T.F.
b.
Homeland Security
c.
D.E.A.
d.
U.S. Secret Service
37. Surveys show that about ______ of schools use one or more security cameras.
a.
10%
b.
20%
c.
35%
d.
50%
38. In the case of New Jersey v. T.L.O., the court dealt with the issue of ______.
a.
search and seizure
b.
school prayer
c.
free speech
d.
corporal punishment
39. In _____ , the courts held that schools were allowed to administer drug-testing programs to student athletes.
a.
New Jersey v. T.L.O.
b.
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
c.
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton
d.
Wisconsin v. Yoder
40. The most important Supreme Court case concerning a student’s right to passive speech was the 1969 case of ______.
a.
New Jersey v. T.L.O.
b.
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
c.
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton
d.
Wisconsin v. Yoder
41. In Ingraham v. Wright, the courts ruled on the issue of _____.
a.
search and seizure
b.
school prayer
c.
free speech
d.
corporal punishment
42. A feeling of being alone and "away" from others is an example of what type of correlate of school failure?
a.
Personal problems
b.
social class
c.
Alienation
d.
Tracking
43. The courts upheld a school system’s right to suspend a student who uses obscene or profane language and gestures in
_____.
a.
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
b.
Wisconsin v. Yoder
c.
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
d.
Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser
44. In ____ , the Supreme Court upheld the school’s right to use corporal punishment.
a.
Good News Club v. Milford Central School
b.
Baker v. Owen
c.
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
d.
Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser
45. A student from a low-income household is an example of what type of correlate of school failure?
a.
Alienation
b.
Social class
c.
Tracking
d.
Personal problems
46. Which is not a factor linked to school violence?
a.
Excessive feelings of rejection
b.
Interest in school
c.
Feelings of persecution
d.
Serious threats of violence
47. Which is not a strategy that may reduce school violence?
a.
Increase student engagement
b.
Cut back on extracurricular activities
c.
Start prevention programs early
d.
Offer mentoring programs
48. Which is not considered to be part of a school security effort?
a.
Picture IDs
b.
Mood lighting
c.
Random checks
d.
Security cameras
49. The largest contingent of police officers in city schools, numbering 5,000, is in New York City. These officers are
called _____.
a.
police school officers
b.
school safety agents
c.
officers of the school
d.
security officers
50. Establishing a school policy of locker searches and other related security activities is an example of what kind of
school-based prevention program?
a.
Cognitive
b.
Behavioral
c.
Affective
d.
Environmental
51. Under the concept of _____, discipline is one of the assumed parental duties given to the school system.
52. As the school is the “basic conduit through which the community and adult influences enter into the lives of
adolescents,” the school has become the primary instrument of _____.
53. Students who leave school before completing their required program of education are referred to as _____.
54. _____ is a youth leadership program that provides young people with an opportunity to learn techniques and
cultural/historical significance of West African traditional, Afro-Cuban, and Afro-Brazilian drumming.
55. School failure may also be linked to _____ that might actually be treatable if properly identified.
56. Factors linked to children who engage in serious school violence include _____. This refers to patterns of impulsive
and chronic hitting, intimidating, and bullying behaviors, which, if left unaddressed, may later escalate into more serious
behaviors.
57. Attention was first brought to focus on school crime when the federal government published its pioneering study of
school systems entitled _____
58. Repeated, negative acts committed by one or more children against another are defined as _____.
59. Student _____ may be the function of students’ inability to see the relevance of what they are taught.
60. _____ policies mandate specific consequences for delinquent acts and do not allow anyone to avoid these
consequences.
61. New Jersey v. T.L.O. was concerned with issues surrounding the _____ Amendment.
62. Dividing students into groups according to their ability and achievement levels is referred to as _____.
63. A _____ is a school where the seniors number 60% or less of the number of ninth-graders.
64. _____ speech is a form of expression not associated with actually speaking words.
65. The percentage of an age group that is not enrolled in school and has not earned a high school diploma or equivalent is
called _____.
66. Pressure to conform to gender expectations is called ____.
67. Schools lacking in high-achieving students, a drug-free environment, and involved parents is an example of a ____
cause of delinquency.
68. Youths who feel isolated or alone, with little parental attention, provide an example of an ____ cause of delinquency.
69. Improving students' psychological assets and self-image to give them the resources to resist antisocial behaviors is an
example of an ___ school-based prevention program.
70. Discuss socialization and status as they relate to a student’s educational experience.
71. Discuss why youths drop out of school. Would you agree or disagree with the reasons presented in the text? Explain.
72. Discuss the three independent views on the association between school failure and delinquency. Explain your view on
these associations.
73. Discuss social class as a cause of school failure. Do you agree or disagree with this theory? Explain.
74. Discuss the four sources of student alienation. Of these, which do you believe to be the most relevant? Explain.
75. Discuss bullying in school. What are your views on school bullying? Do you believe bullying in schools is over- or
underreported? Explain.
76. Discuss 4 of the 14 factors linked to children who engage in serious school violence. Why did you choose these
factors? Explain.
77. Discuss security measures used by schools. Do you think these efforts are adequate or should schools increase their
security measures? Explain.
78. Discuss the role of the school in delinquency prevention.
79. Discuss Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) or Hazelwood School District v.
Kuhlmeier (1988). Do you agree or disagree with the holding of the Court in these cases? Explain.
