Chapter 10—Reproductive Choices
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The typical American woman who wants to have two children will spend about _____ of her
reproductive life trying NOT to become pregnant.
a.
one-third
b.
one-half
c.
two-thirds
d.
three-quarters
2. About ____ percent of births in the United States are from unintended pregnancies.
a.
27
b.
37
c.
47
d.
57
3. The merging of one sperm and one egg is known as:
a.
spermatogenesis
b.
conception
c.
implantation
d.
contraception
4. The tiny clump of cells that travels down the fallopian tube is called a:
a.
zygote
b.
seminiferous tubule
c.
blastocyst
d.
zona pellucida
5. Which of the following describes the process of implantation?
a.
fusion of egg and sperm
b.
shedding of uterine lining at the end of the menstrual cycle
c.
release of egg into the fallopian tube
d.
blastocyst burrowing into the uterine lining
6. Which of the following is true of outercourse?
a.
It includes coitus interruptus.
b.
It excludes all genital contact of any kind.
c.
It is “stricter” than abstinence.
d.
It can result in pregnancy.
7. The term contraception refers to:
a.
methods to stop spermatogenesis
b.
the clump of cells that burrows into the endometrium
c.
methods of preventing conception
d.
the release of an ovum
8. Which of the following is a common progression of contraceptive use among young women?
a.
condoms only → hormonal method only
b.
condoms only → condoms + hormonal method → hormonal method only
c.
hormonal method only → no method → hormonal method only
d.
hormonal method only → condoms + hormonal method → condoms only
9. A method of birth control that relies on the removal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation is:
a.
outercourse
b.
periodic abstinence
c.
coitus interruptus
d.
rhythm method
10. What percentage of sexually active teens, ages 15 to 19, do NOT use contraception?
a.
8
b.
18
c.
28
d.
38
11. Who is most likely to use oral contraceptives?
a.
white women
b.
Asian women
c.
Hispanic women
d.
black women
12. Worldwide, the most common method of contraception is _____.
a.
barrier methods
b.
IUDs
c.
sterilization
d.
oral contraceptives
13. Mae has a history of major depression. What type of contraceptive may worsen depressive symptoms?
a.
any that contain progestin
b.
spermicidal sponges
c.
sterilization
d.
diaphragms
14. Carol is a sexually active college student who uses contraception. If she is like most other college
females, what method is she and her partner most likely to use?
a.
oral contraceptives
b.
spermicidal sponges
c.
male condoms
d.
diaphragm
15. Oscar is a sexually active college student who uses contraception. If he is like most other college
males, what method is he and his partner most likely to use?
a.
oral contraceptives
b.
spermicidal sponges
c.
male condoms
d.
diaphragm
16. Which of the following is a barrier contraception?
a.
IUD
b.
diaphragm
c.
oral contraceptive
d.
NuvaRing
17. Which contraceptive method reduces the risk of sexually transmitted infections?
a.
IUD
b.
diaphragm
c.
hormonal patch
d.
male condom
18. In order for the diaphragm to be effective, what must also be used?
a.
the pill
b.
condom
c.
spermicide
d.
Implanon
19. An advantage of using the cervical cap is that it
a.
can be inserted hours before engaging in sex
b.
is available over-the-counter
c.
is more effective than hormonal methods of contraception
d.
is very comfortable to wear and easy to remove
20. Which method of contraception reduces the risk of ovarian cancer?
a.
progestin-only oral contraceptives
b.
cervical caps
c.
diaphragms
d.
spermicidal sponges
21. Which contraceptive method is associated with the risk of bone loss?
a.
cervical cap
b.
contraceptive injection
c.
spermicidal sponges
d.
multiphasic method
22. A monophasic birth control pill releases synthetic estrogen and progestin at what levels during a
woman’s menstrual cycle?
a.
at a constant level
b.
at various levels of fluctuation
c.
enough to create a thick level of mucus to block sperm
d.
enough to create irregular periods
23. A synthetic version of the hormone progesterone given by injection is a birth control method known
as:
a.
Implanon
b.
Depo-Provera
c.
a diaphragm
d.
the multiphasic method
24. The contraceptive implant prevents pregnancy for what length of time?
a.
5 months
b.
1 year
c.
3 years
d.
15 years
25. Which of the following is a transdermal contraceptive?
a.
Lybrel
b.
Ortho Evra
c.
Jadelle
d.
Seasonale
26. Which of the following is a “no–period,” or continuous, contraceptive pill?
a.
Lybrel
b.
Ortho Evra
c.
Jadelle
d.
Seasonale
27. The ParaGuard IUD protects against pregnancy for _____ years.
a.
2
b.
4
c.
8
d.
12
28. The basal body temperature method of fertility awareness relies on the observation that a:
a.
woman’s basal body temperature decreases after ovulation
b.
woman’s basal body temperature rises after ovulation
c.
woman who is running a fever of 100o or higher is unlikely to get pregnant
d.
woman whose temperature is 96o or lower is unlikely to become pregnant
29. _____ women aged 20 to 24 who have ever had sex have used emergency contraception.
a.
One in 100
b.
One in 50
c.
One in 10
d.
One in 4
30. Married couples in the United States select which of the following as their most popular method of
birth control?
a.
male condom
b.
oral contraceptives
c.
sterilization
d.
contraceptive injections
31. Which sterilization method involves blocking the Fallopian tubes?
a.
tubal ligation
b.
laparoscopy
c.
tubal occlusion
d.
vasectomy
32. The abortion rate in the United States has:
a.
remained stable over the last 10 years
b.
decreased over the last 20 years
c.
increased slightly over the last 20 years
d.
increased significantly over the last 10 years
33. The best prediction of a woman’s psychological health after an abortion is
a.
her age at the abortion.
b.
the duration of the pregnancy.
c.
whether she already has children.
d.
her psychological health before the abortion.
34. About two-thirds of all abortions are performed
a.
within the first eight weeks of pregnancy
b.
after the first trimester
c.
after 20 weeks of pregnancy
d.
after the second trimester
35. Couples who choose to remain childfree are typically:
a.
working class
b.
less educated
c.
recently married
d.
urban
36. Once the zygote reaches the uterus and becomes embedded into the lining, it is called a(n):
a.
amnion
b.
fetus
c.
placenta
d.
embryo
37. A tubal pregnancy can be described as:
a.
a surgical method of birth control
b.
the loss of a fetus growing in the fallopian tube
c.
a fertilized egg that remains in the fallopian tube instead of traveling to the uterus
d.
a fetus born prior to the 37th week of gestation
38. What is an invasive method of prenatal testing that can provide a precise diagnosis of chromosomal
abnormalities?
a.
amniocentesis
b.
maternal blood testing
c.
ultrasound
d.
AFP testing
39. Another name for thinning of the cervix is:
a.
effacement
b.
crowning
c.
dilation
d.
detaching
40. Another name for opening up of the cervix during childbirth is:
a.
effacement
b.
crowning
c.
dilation
d.
detaching
41. A baby is born during which stage of labor?
a.
first
b.
second
c.
third
d.
fourth
42. An incision made during labor from the lower end of the vagina toward the anus is called a(n):
a.
crowning
b.
dilation
c.
detachment
d.
episiotomy
43. A breech birth refers to which of the following conditions?
a.
The baby is presented with the feet or buttocks first.
b.
The baby is surgically removed through an incision in the uterus.
c.
The baby cannot be born unless an episiotomy is performed.
d.
The placenta separates from the uterine wall.
44. Infertility is caused by male problems about _____ percent of the time and is caused by female
problems about _____ percent of the time.
a.
10; 70
b.
20; 60
c.
30; 50
d.
40; 40
45. Assisted reproductive technologies account for about _____ percent of births in the United States.
a.
1
b.
5
c.
10
d.
15
COMPLETION
1. A sperm fusing with the nucleus of an egg is known as ____________________.
2. A single male ejaculation may contain ____________________ million sperm.
3. Couples who choose abstinence may derive sexual pleasure from activities known as
____________________.
4. The likelihood that a contraceptive will prevent pregnancy is its ____________________.
5. The method of birth control that relies on the removal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation
is ____________________.
6. The minipill contains a small amount of the hormone ____________________.
7. Seasonale is a(n) ___________________ pill.
8. The Ortho Evra birth control patch is the first ____________________ contraceptive.
9. The NuvaRing stays in place for ____________________ weeks.
10. A device that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy by interfering with implantation is known
as a(n) ____________________.
11. The calendar method is also known as the ________________ method.
12. Contraception used to prevent unintended pregnancy after unprotected intercourse is called
____________________.
13. A(n) ____________________ is a permanent method of birth control for men.
14. Tying off the Fallopian tubes is called ____________________.
15. The blocking of the fallopian tubes is called ____________________.
16. _________________ ________________ abortions are usually performed from 7 to 13 weeks after the
last menstrual period.
17. A nine-week-old embryo is called a(n) ____________________.
18. A(n) ____________________ involves injecting an anesthetic into the membrane around the spinal
cord.
19. When a baby is delivered through an incision in the abdomen and uterus, it is called a(n)
____________________ delivery.
20. ____________________ is the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse.
MATCHING
Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.
multiphasic pills
f.
monophasic pills
b.
Depo-Provera
g.
Implanon
c.
Mirena
h.
laminaria
d.
vasectomy
i.
miscarriage
e.
zygote
j.
Ortho Evra
1. fertilized egg
2. patch
3. spontaneous abortion
4. release constant dose of hormones
5. used during abortion to stretch the cervix
6. contraceptive injection
7. mimic normal hormonal fluctuations
8. contraceptive implant
9. male sterilization
10. intrauterine device
ESSAY
1. Identify three types of birth control. Provide advantages and disadvantages of each.
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•
•
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2. Compare and contrast three different methods of terminating a pregnancy.
3. Describe the changes that occur in a woman during the three trimesters of pregnancy.
4. Differentiate between the three stages of labor in terms of the length of each stage and what occurs
during each stage.
5. Describe three options for infertile couples.