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True / False
1. In smaller departments, detectives tend to be generalists.
a.
True
b.
False
2. The single most important determinant of whether or not a crime is solved is the quality of work performed by the
detectives.
a.
True
b.
False
3. In a Managing Criminal Investigations (MCI) program, patrol officers play very limited roles in the investigation of
past crimes.
a.
True
b.
False
4. Repeat offender programs (ROPs) are based on the fact that only a few criminals are responsible for most of the
predatory street crime in the United States.
a.
True
b.
False
5. Crime analysis goes hand-in-hand with community-oriented policing and problem-oriented policing.
a.
True
b.
False
6. In recent years, there has been a decrease in the use of multiagency investigative task forces.
a.
True
b.
False
7. Decoy operations are most effective for combating the crimes of robbery, purse snatching, and other larcenies from the
person; burglaries; and thefts of and from automobiles.
a.
True
b.
False
8. Sting operations targeting lewd behavior have often been used around the country, particularly in parks and areas
frequented by children.
a.
True
b.
False
9. Jacobson v. United States is a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case related to entrapment.
a.
True
b.
False
10. Undercover investigations are rarely used by federal law enforcement agencies.
a.
True
b.
False
11. Cybercrimes trends change regularly and quickly, which can make them difficult for law enforcement to keep up with.
a.
True
b.
False
12. One of the ways detectives use to solve cold cases is DNA analysis.
a.
True
b.
False
13. The WashACT serves as a model nationwide in conducting training in the area of human trafficking.
a.
True
b.
False
14. During the 1990s, the crime rates across the country:
a.
went up in aggregate
b.
went down at an unprecedented rate
c.
remained constant
d.
went up for some crimes and down for others
15. Prior to the Rand study, it was common for police departments to have policies and procedures in place that
emphasized:
a.
proactive investigations of future crime by detectives
b.
follow-up investigations of past crimes by patrol officers
c.
retroactive investigations of past crimes by detectives
d.
cold-case investigations
16. The Rand study was called ____________________.
a.
The Criminal Investigation Process.
b.
Today’s Criminal Investigators.
c.
Patrolling the Streets.
d.
Crime in America.
17. The investigative process begins with:
a.
a call to 911.
b.
assignment by the sergeant.
c.
a citizen complaint.
d.
the patrol officer.
18. When Mark Willman and John Snortum duplicated the Rand and PERF findings in a study of detective work in 1984,
they found that in cases reported to a suburban police department, most cases that were solved when:
a.
the victim identified the perpetrator in a photo line-up
b.
the perpetrator was identified as a “person of interest”
c.
the perpetrator confessed
d.
the perpetrator was identified at the scene of the crime
19. One of the primary purposes of police patrol is to prevent crime by creating a sense of:
a.
security
b.
omniscience
c.
omnipresence
d.
community awareness
20. The single most important determinant of whether or not a case will be solved is the information the victim supplies to
the ____________________.
a.
detective
b.
immediately responding patrol officer
c.
dispatcher
d.
supervisor
21. Detectives in a decentralized squad are considered ____________________.
a.
specialists
b.
generalists
c.
in field training
d.
felony-only detectives
22. Detectives in a centralized squad are considered ____________________.
a.
specialists
b.
generalists
c.
in field training
d.
felony-only detectives
23. The idea that detective work is glamorous, exciting, and dangerous, as it is depicted in the movies and on television, is
called the:
a.
detective mystique.
b.
detective role.
c.
detective model.
d.
detective initiative.
24. The National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals recommended that detectives should be
assigned only to preliminary investigations of:
a.
misdemeanors.
b.
crimes of violence.
c.
very serious or complex preliminary investigations.
d.
all of these choices.
25. The National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals recommended that
____________________ should be directed to conduct thorough preliminary investigations.
a.
detectives
b.
supervisors
c.
nonsworn personnel
d.
patrol officers
26. The MCI program involves all of the following except:
a.
case screening.
b.
solvability factors.
c.
case enhancement.
d.
enhanced patrol techniques.
27. Which of the following is a solvability factor in the MCI program?
a.
Is there a witness?
b.
Is a suspect named or known?
c.
Will the complainant cooperate?
d.
all of these choices
28. The MCI program is designed to put most of an investigator’s time and effort into:
a.
all misdemeanors that have a chance to be solved.
b.
only very important cases and cases that actually can be solved.
c.
only cases in which the complainant agrees to cooperate.
d.
none of these choices.
29. Nationally, police are able to clear only____________________ percent of all violent crimes reported to them.
a.
16.5
b.
46.8
c.
65.8
d.
87.1
30. Programs concentrating investigative resources on career criminals are called:
a.
targeting programs.
b.
proactive programs.
c.
repeat offender programs.
d.
anti–career criminal programs.
31. In a case enhancement program, detectives:
a.
debrief suspects to obtain further information
b.
assist arresting officers in preparing a case for court
c.
engage in liaison with the district attorney
d.
all of these choices
32. The vast majority of all arrests are made:
a.
at the scene of the crime
b.
within 48 hours
c.
within 2 weeks
d.
within 1 month
33. Nationally, police are only able to clear ____________________ percent of all property crimes reported to them.
a.
19
b.
46
c.
65
d.
87
34. The use of analytical methods to obtain pertinent information on crime patterns and trends that can then be
disseminated to officers on the street is called ____________________.
a.
criminal profiling
b.
CompStat
c.
crime mapping
d.
crime analysis
35. Marvin Wolfgang discovered that most predatory street crime in the United States is committed by:
a.
only a few criminals
b.
convicted felons
c.
sex offenders
d.
individuals under the influence of drugs
36. Dressing as and playing the role of a potential crime victim is known as:
a.
a decoy operation
b.
an envoy operation
c.
a convoy operation
d.
targeting
37. Decoy operations are most effective in detecting and arresting all of the following except:
a.
robbers
b.
purse snatchers
c.
persons committing larcenies from autos
d.
murderers
38. The Rand report said that half of all detectives could be replaced without negatively influencing:
a.
recidivism reduction
b.
crime clearance rates
c.
offender rehabilitation
d.
undercover programs
39. The case of Carlie Brucia was solved in part due to:
a.
testimonial evidence of her sister
b.
the use of surveillance cameras
c.
the use of DNA analysis
d.
the implementation of a GPS tracking system
40. What system has greatly improved the surveillance of offenders?
a.
Johansen system
b.
adult monitoring system (AMS)
c.
probation positioning enhancement system (PPES)
d.
global positioning system (GPS)
41. An investigative unit that reexamines old cases that have remained unsolved is called a:
a.
special acquired-technique squad (SATS)
b.
hot-case squad
c.
cold-case squad
d.
geriatric unit
42. ____________________ are effective in cases in which the police receive a tip that a crime is going to occur in a
commercial establishment or in which the police discover or come upon a pattern.
a.
Stings
b.
Stakeouts
c.
Decoys
d.
Inventories
43. A legal defense that holds that police originated the criminal idea or initiated the criminal action is called:
a.
civil code
b.
entrapment
c.
police solicitation
d.
entanglement
44. Entrapment is a(n) ____________________ defense.
a.
perfect
b.
good faith
c.
equitable
d.
affirmative
45. Plainclothes officers’ efforts to blend into an area and attempt to catch a criminal are called:
a.
coercing
b.
blending
c.
shadowing
d.
marking
46. A study by Florida State University released in 2006 found that offenders tracked by GPS were
____________________ percent less likely to abscond or reoffend than those not monitored.
a.
26
b.
49
c.
70
d.
90
47. Which of the following state is considered the "epicenter" of the prescription fraud drug trade?
a.
Florida
b.
Colorado
c.
California
d.
New York
48. The Rand study of the investigative process resulted in a proposal regarding a more effective way to investigate past
crimes. The program outlined in this proposal is called __________
49. ROPs concentrate on __________
50. __________ are responsible for the vast majority of all arrests.
51. The two basic types of decoy operations are __________ and __________.
52. In __________ operations, officers dressed in civilian clothes try to intermingle into an area and patrol it on foot or in
unmarked police cars in an attempt to catch a criminal in the act of committing a crime.
53. In __________ operations, officers dress as, and play the role of, potential victims—drunks, nurses, business people,
tourists, prostitutes, blind people, isolated subway riders, and the like.
54. A(n) __________ is the hidden surveillance of a location or person; for example, a group of heavily armed officers
might hide in an area of a store or building to wait for an impending holdup.
55. __________ operations are undercover police operations in which police officers pose as criminals in order to arrest
law violators; for example, they might be used to apprehend thieves and recover stolen property.
56. A covert investigation in which an investigator assumes a different identity to obtain information or achieve another
investigatory purpose is called a(n) ____________________ investigation.
57. The advances of __________technology have led to the increase in the use of cold-case squads to solve crimes.
58. The __________is an operation in which an undercover police officer purchases drugs from a subject, and then leaves
the scene and contacts the backup team, which responds and arrests the seller.
59. Inducing an individual to commit a crime he or she did not contemplate for the sole purpose of instituting an arrest and
criminal prosecution against the offender is called __________.
60. Police and business owners are now posting videos on the __________ website in order to allow the public to see
suspected criminals.
61. Law enforcement is posting surveillance video on ___________ to assist their investigations in identifying suspects.
62. Discuss some of the strengths and weaknesses involved in the use of multiagency task forces.
63. Describe the MCI program. How does it differ from traditional detective operations?
64. Describe a case enhancement program. How does this improve the investigative process?
65. What are decoy operations? Provide some examples.
66. Discuss the 1992 U.S. Supreme Court case of Jacobson v. United States. How has this ruling affected law
enforcement procedures?
67. What innovations to police detective operations were made as a result of the Rand and PERF studies?
68. Explain the process of mentoring a new detective.
69. Define solvability factor, and list some examples.
70. Explain the detective mystique and how it has developed.
71. Detail the pros and cons of police Internet registries.
72. The Boston Marathon bombing in April 2013 sent shockwaves throughout the United States and created an intense
police manhunt for the suspects. The police used surveillance cameras to assist in the apprehension of the suspects.
Discuss and describe the methods used by the police and your opinion on the use of surveillance cameras. Do you agree
that surveillance camera should be used and why or why not? How does their use affect our privacy rights?
