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56. Defense attorneys should never offer psychological support to their clients.
a. True
b. False
57. The largest group of attorneys in full-time criminal practice makes small fees for cases either as retained or
assigned counsel.
a. True
b. False
58. Most criminal defense lawyers are able to become wealthy because there are so many rich celebrities and
professional athletes who get into trouble with the law.
a. True
b. False
59. Although they cooperate in many cases, public defenders are sufficiently independent of prosecutors and judges to
make choices about whether to seek a trial or to negotiate a plea.
a. True
b. False
60. The "slow plea of guilty" occurs when decision-makers have already made up their minds about the case, but the
defense attorney goes through the motions of putting up a fight against the decision.
a. True
b. False
61. The majority of convicted offenders serving time in state prisons were indigent defendants who received publicly
provided defense attorneys.
a. True
b. False
62. Assigned counsel are attorneys employed full-time by the government to provide defense services to those
offenders who cannot afford their own attorneys.
a. True
b. False
63. Most states use the "contract counsel" method of providing attorneys for those who cannot afford their own
attorneys.
a. True
b. False
64. Scholars often view public defenders as generally better than assigned counsel because public defenders are full-
time government employees who are specialists in criminal law.
a. True
b. False
65. Public defenders often have trouble gaining the trust and cooperation of their clients because their clients know that
they are paid by the state.
a. True
b. False
66. Findings from research have indicated there is little difference in outcomes between private attorneys, public
defenders, contract counsel, and assigned counsel.
a. True
b. False
67. TheSupremeCourthasclearlydefinedtheterm"ineffectivecounsel.”
a. True
b. False
68. Some say that prosecutors have more power than judges in the courtroom. Would you agree or disagree with this
statement? Be sure to explain your answer.
69. Discuss the key relationships of the prosecutor with others in the criminal justice system.
70. What method would you suggest for providing effective counsel to indigent defendants?
71. Defense attorneys frequently work with prosecutors to process cases, which is inconsistent with the idea of an
"adversarial" court system. In your opinion, does this help or harm criminal defendants? Explain why you feel that
way.
72. Whatimpactdobudgetcutshaveforbothprosecutors’officersandpublicdefenders?Does this impact on your
view of how justice is served?
73. Prosecutors’_________andinteractionswithpolice,victims,defenseattorneys,judges,andthecommunityform
the core of the exchange relations that shape decision making in criminal cases.
a. relationships
b. cases
c. discretion
d. decisions
74. The _________ model aims at speedy and early disposition of a case.
a. legal sufficiency
b. trial sufficiency
c. system sufficiency
d. jusification sufficiency
75. An entry made by a prosecutor on the record of a case and announced in court to indicate that the charges
specified will not be prosecuted.
In effect, the charges are thereby dismissed.
a. discovery
b. counts
c. nolle prosequi
d. trial
76. ________ defense attorneys now handle up to 85 percent of the cases in many places.
a. Publicly funded
b. Retained counsel
c. Corporate
d. Federal
77. Some scholars have called defense attorneys ______ because they often work to prepare the defendant for the
likelyoutcomeofthecase—usuallyconviction.
a. case builders
b. agent-mediators
c. arrangement-mediators
d. prison builders
78. _______ defendants are those who are too poor to afford their own lawyers.
a. Guilty
b. Innocent
c. Indigent
d. Retained
79. Most cases are handled by criminal lawyers who must quickly process a large volume of cases for small fees.
a. True
b. False
80. The prosecutor represents the accused or convicted offenders in their dealings with criminal justice officials.
a. True
b. False
81. The__________isthestate’schieflegalofficer,usuallyresponsibleforbothcivilandcriminalmatters.
82. ________ are the officials responsible for the prosecution of crimes that violate the laws of the United States;
appointed by the president and assigned to a U.S. district court jurisdiction.
83. __________ represents an initiative to reduce crime and increase the effectiveness of the criminal justice system
by bringing prosecutors into closer contact with citizens.
84. In the _________ model, a case is accepted and charges are made onlywhen there is enough evidence to ensure
conviction.Foreachcasetheprosecutorasks,“Willthiscaseresultinaconviction?”
85. The right to counsel is of little value when the counsel is neither competent nor ________.
86. In___________theSupremeCourtrejectedthedefendant’sclaimthathisattorneydidnotadequatelyprepare
for the sentencing hearing in a death penalty case
87. What role does the advent of scientific technologies, such as DNA evidence, place on the prosecutor's decision to
take a case to plea bargain or take a case to trial? Have these technologies changed the way our adversarial
system works? Is it more or less effective?
88. It is an established fact that those who work within the public defender's office have an extensive caseload and low
salary. What would draw an attorney to work in such circumstances? Do these characteristics have an impact on
attorney competence.
89. Explain the term inadequate counsel. What would be classified as adequate counsel? Who determines what
makes an attorney competent?
90. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of community prosecution. Would the general public be in support of this
style of justice in their own neighborhoods? Why or why not?
91. Explain the role of the prosecutor to that of the law enforcement they work with on a day to day basis within the
system.
Dianne works for the federal governor as a prosecutor. She spends much of her time prosecuting drug crimes.
Dianne was placed into her position approximately 3 years ago and seems constantly in awe of her duties within
the criminal justice system. Diane works in district 5 in Dallas Texas.
92. Dianne works as a prosecutor for the federal government. Dianne's actual title is __________?
a. state attorney
b. US attorney
c. district attorney
d. county attorney
93. Dianne's position is a political appointment. Which of the following appointed Dianne to her current role?
a. Speaker of the House
b. President
c. Governor
d. Senate Majority Leader
94. Dianne works in Dallas, Texas. She was appointed to district 5. How many districts are within the United States?
a. 88
b. 90
c. 94
d. 96
95. Dianne spends a great deal of her time prosecuting drug crimes. Outside of drug offenses, which type of crime
would Dianne prosecute the most?.
a. murders
b. white-collar
c. sexual assaults
d. robbery
John is the district attorney for a large metropolitan area. He is facing reelection in approximately 1 year. During
the course of John's day, he receives news that a well known professional football player has attempted to murder
his wife of less than a year. Apparently, the player found his wife in a comprising position with another player on
the team. John knows how he prosecutes this media driven case, may determine if he is reelected.
96. John is facing a great deal of pressure to charge the football player to the highest extent of the law. John knows
what he would do if the suspect was an ordinary citizen. He also knows that his election is coming quick. The
pressure that John is facing is known as the _________.
a. prosecutor's dilemma
b. prosecutor's discretion
c. prosecutor's role
d. prosecutor's factor
97. Even though the public is demanding a trial, John makes plans to meet with the defense to see if they are willing to
work out an agreement. John would prefer to _________ the case.
a. charge
b. withdraw
c. drop
d. plea bargain
98. John has to meet the expectations of police, judges, and the community. This is commonly known has building
________ relationships.
a. exchange
b. interaction
c. community
d. cohesive
99. Even though the community is demanding charges and a trial, it will be John's final decision to go to trial or plea
bargain the case. John has a great deal of __________ in making his decision.
a. dilemma
b. authority
c. discretion
d. ability
Jacob is an attorney that works in the local public defender's office. His caseload is horrendous, and his salary low.
Jacob feels that he has been very blessed in his life and wanted a job that would allow him to give back to those
less fortunate. Even though he does get stressed, he has never questioned his career choice.
100. Jacob works in the public defender's office. The clients that he represents are considered _________.
a. wealthy
b. indigent
c. middle class
d. associates
101. Jacob serves a clientele where a financial agreement has been met. Jacob receives his salary from which of the
following?
a. wealthy
b. middle class
c. government
d. corporations
