Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context, 7e (Knox/Marston)
Chapter 1 Geography Matters
1.1 Multiple Choice
1) That places are interdependent means that individual places are
A) connected to events and processes around them.
B) separated from the world around them.
C) independent of the world around them.
D) not unique, but just like the places around them.
2) Because of the difficulty of projecting a round, 3-dimensional earth on a 2-dimensional piece
of paper, paper maps of the world intentionally must distort any or all of the following except
A) shapes of the land masses.
B) relative areas of the places on the map.
C) absolute altitude of the land masses.
D) compass directions.
E) distances between places.
3) Isolines
A) cannot be used to make precipitation maps.
B) connect points of equal data value.
C) were common on maps made before the nineteenth century, but are rarely used now.
D) are needed to make sense of three-dimensional maps.
4) The conventional way of imagining space as a container, defined by rectangular coordinates
and measured in units of distance like kilometers, is to think in terms of
A) absolute space.
B) geometrical space.
C) topological space.
D) outer space.
E) regional space.
5) Which map projection is best for representing thematic and reference maps at the world scale?
A) Mercator projection
B) Robinson projection
C) Mollweide projection
D) Cartographic projection
E) Azimuthal equidistant projection
6) Which map or map projection most intentionally distorts the relative sizes of countries?
A) topological map
B) cartogram
C) isoline
D) Mollweide projection map
E) Mercator projection map
7) To university alumni who return for a homecoming reunion and reminisce about their times
and common experiences and identities, their college campus and surrounding community is
probably best thought of in terms of
A) absolute space.
B) cultural space.
C) socioeconomic space.
D) topological space
E) wasted space.
8) The beauty of equidistant maps is that they
A) are aesthetically pleasing.
B) objectively represent the world.
C) accurately represent distance in all directions.
D) display areas on the earth’s surface in their true proportions.
9) Though all of the following distort the shape of land masses and area, which of the following
maps or map types does so most blatantly and intentionally?
A) cartograms
B) conformal projections
C) polyconic
D) isoline
E) Peters
10) The interdependence of places was demonstrated between 2007-2014 when increased
consumption of food and feed grain in some parts of the world drove up the price of world food
prices and led to ________ in other parts of the world.
A) food riots
B) new crop varieties
C) a decline in obesity
D) increased life expectancies
11) According to Richard Florida, the combination of economic output, innovation and
population in urban areas has made the world a ________ place.
A) flat
B) cultural
C) spiky
D) shrinking
E) cognitive
12) According to Richard Florida, ________ will be the “grandest of the grand challenges
humanity will ever face.”
A) feeding the world
B) ensuring the periphery’s massive urban regions are vibrant, sustainable and functional
C) avoiding nuclear war
D) conserving and identifying new energy resources
E) living long enough to survive the waiting list for Green Bay Packer season tickets
13) The dependence of Minneapolis on vegetables from Florida, New York City on energy from
Quebec, California on immigrant labor from Mexico, and Colorado on tourists from New York
City demonstrates the interdependence of
A) latitude.
B) projection.
C) place.
D) situation.
E) site.
14) Greenwich, England is the historic reference point for the standardized measurement of
A) human geography.
B) physical geography.
C) remote sensing.
D) GIS and GPS.
E) time and space.
15) The increasing job opportunities for an Andean farmer in Peru due to a global rise in demand
for quinoa demonstrates
A) complementarity.
B) cognitive distance.
C) situation.
D) site.
E) time-space convergence.
16) The study of natural events such as tornadoes, forest fires or landslides are explored within
the ________ branch of geography.
A) physical
B) human
C) regional
D) spatial
E) natural
17) Human Geography is best described as the
A) study of how human activity is organized in space.
B) relationship between people and their environment(s).
C) location of places (capitals, rivers, countries, etc.) around the earth.
D) description of the world’s environments in terms of its landforms.
E) both the study of how human activity is organized in space and the relationships between
people and their environment(s).
18) Which of the following is a tool or technique of the contemporary geographer?
A) GPS
B) GIS
C) remote sensing
D) cartography
E) GPS, GIS, remote sensing, and cartography
19) Reference to “Greenwich Village” as a neighborhood in New York City or “the Loop”
business region in Chicago identifies these places in terms of their ________ location.
A) absolute
B) cognitive
C) nominal
D) spatial
E) relative
20) Global Positioning Systems (GPS) rely upon satellites orbiting the Earth to help us
accurately identify the ________ location of a place on earth.
A) absolute
B) cognitive
C) nominal
D) spatial
E) relative
21) In the grid of coordinates that cover the earth, lines of ________ intersect at the North and
South Poles.
A) latitude
B) longitude
C) prime meridians
D) parallel
22) When driving from Chicago to Minneapolis-St. Paul, the absolute distance between them is
measured in terms of the number of
A) cups of coffee one might drink between them.
B) music compact disks one will listen to.
C) hours and minutes it takes to make the drive.
D) potty stops the children will require.
E) miles or kilometers between them.
23) When one expresses the distance between home and her favorite restaurant as “a $6.00 cab
ride,” she is referring to the ________ distance between them.
A) absolute
B) cognitive
C) relative
D) spatial
E) situational
24) Hawaii’s tropical location, sandy beaches, volcanoes, volcanic soils, and plentiful moisture
play an important role in its economic activities. In terms of its relative location, these
characteristics refer to Hawaii’s
A) site.
B) situation.
C) place.
D) space.
E) distance.
25) The statement, “Mexico’s location next to the United States has had a great impact on its
economic development,” suggests that Mexico’s economic development is related to its
A) site.
B) situation.
C) spatial interaction.
D) cognitive distance.
E) sense of place.
26) For each person who makes the 250-mile trip from Saint Louis to Kansas City, which of the
following varies the least from person to person?
A) absolute distance
B) relative distance
C) cognitive distance
D) distance-decay function
27) In contrast to the suburbs on the far outskirts of a city, the location of a neighborhood next to
a downtown university has high ________ to the students.
A) utility
B) intersubjectivity
C) ubiquity
D) cognitive distance
E) time-space convergence
28) The utility of a specific place to live is generally measured in terms of
A) access to things like work, school and leisure.
B) housing costs.
C) quality of life.
D) cost of living.
E) access to things like work, school and leisure, housing costs, quality of life, and cost of living
29) To a business manager, the utility of a potential supermarket location will most likely be
based on
A) prestige, convenience and feelings of community happiness.
B) projected costs and revenues.
C) environmental characteristics.
D) distance from sources of food and household goods.
E) its population characteristics.
30) The concept of ________ suggests that the farther one has to travel to Green Bay, WI, the
less likely he or she is to attend a Green Bay Packers football game.
A) friction of distance
B) distance decay
C) cognitive distance
D) absolute distance
31) A transportation map, such as a bus or subway map showing the routes and connections
between places, is a representation of
A) relative space.
B) cognitive space.
C) topological space.
D) outer space.
E) spatial diffusion.
32) Topological space is best represented by a
A) topographic map.
B) metro (subway) system map.
C) page from a road atlas.
D) weather map.
E) map of the trails and features in a state park.
33) Geographers characterize accessibility in terms of
A) absolute location.
B) relative location.
C) cognitive location.
D) absolute location, relative location, and cognitive location.
34) For there to be interdependence between Detroit and Toronto, all of the following are
necessary except
A) complementarity between Detroit and Toronto.
B) transferability between Detroit and Toronto.
C) the lack of intervening opportunities between Detroit and Toronto.
D) spatial diffusion.
E) both complementarity and transferability between Detroit and Toronto.
35) Complementarity is the result of several factors, including
A) physical environments.
B) specialization and economies of scale.
C) resource endowments.
D) division of labor.
E) physical environments, specialization and economies of scale, resource endowments, and
division of labor.
36) Which of the following best demonstrates complementarity?
A) U.S. demand for coffee & Nicaragua’s ability to supply it effectively
B) the ability to easily ship coffee beans from Nicaragua to the U.S.
C) the fact that Vietnam and Indonesia (big coffee producers) are so much further away than
Central American countries
D) Both the U.S. and Nicaragua export coffee.
37) Despite great demand for fresh water in Saudi Arabia and the great availability of fresh water
in Canada, spatial interdependence between the two countries is limited due to
A) high complementarity.
B) low complementarity.
C) high transferability.
D) low transferability.
38) The transferability of a good is most likely to change over time with changes in
A) technology.
B) cultural preferences.
C) demand.
D) supply.
E) distance.
39) The best example of cascade (or hierarchical) diffusion is the spread of
A) fashion across the world’s major urban centers.
B) an agricultural innovation across a farming region.
C) a disease from one side of a country to the other.
D) a rumor across campus.
40) Landscapes that represent the aspirations and/or values of the people that created them (such
as the Capital, White House and other Federal buildings in the center of Washington, D.C.) are
referred to as ________ landscapes.
A) ordinary
B) vernacular
C) symbolic
D) patriotic
41) Of the following, which is least likely to increase time-space convergence?
A) increasing the speed limits between two cities
B) building a bridge across a river dividing two halves of a city
C) replacing a bicycle with a motorcycle
D) participating in the World Wide Web
E) traveling around the world and crossing the international date line
42) The way that things spread through space and over time is known to geographers as
A) time-space convergence.
B) spatial diffusion.
C) globalization.
D) irredentism.
E) transferability.
43) Based on all the songs and stories written about it, the Mississippi River carries a strong
________ for both those who have lived on it and those who have not.
A) sense of place
B) geographical imagination
C) mental map
D) social construction
44) When regions are defined around places where its attributes or characteristics are very
strong, but weaken or become less obvious with distance from those central areas, it is likely that
this region exemplifies Meinig’s
A) lifeworld.
B) geographical imagination.
C) core-periphery model.
D) core-domain-sphere model.
E) time-space convergence.
45) The prime meridian is also known as (the)
A) international date line.
B) 0 (zero) degrees longitude.
C) 0 (zero) degrees latitude.
D) equator.
E) North Pole.
46) Maps are “social products,” and are socially constructed. This refers to the
A) buildings, monuments and other cultural features and sites on them.
B) power of the people who draw them.
C) relationships between the different culture groups represented on maps.
D) interrelationships between places on maps.
E) map projection.
47) Red barns on rolling hills dotted with cows is best characterized as a(n) ________ landscape
of a state like Vermont or Wisconsin with a widespread dairy and cheese culture. It is even
represented on Wisconsin’s state license plate.
A) ordinary
B) symbolic
C) cognitive
D) absolute
E) lifeworld
48) Which of the following best describes the classical landscape of Tuscany (Italy), the coastal
landscape of Western Ireland, and the ranch landscape of the U.S. West?
A) symbolic national landscapes
B) ordinary landscapes of daily life for the people of their respective countries
C) functional regions
D) cognitive spaces
E) mega-regions.
49) Medical geographers have observed that the world-wide spread of HIV/AIDS from its hearth
in Central Africa is best explained by a(n) ________ diffusion pattern.
A) expansion
B) hierarchical
C) contagion
D) combination of expansion and hierarchical
50) The hierarchical (also known as cascade) diffusion pattern by which HIV/AIDS spread
across the world is characterized by moving across the world’s
A) lowest income countries.
B) major urban areas.
C) most popular tourist areas.
D) island countries.
E) tropical regions.
51) Remote sensing is one of today’s geographer’s numerous tools. Fundamental to remote
sensing are
A) aerial photographs and satellite imagery.
B) binoculars.
C) mental maps.
D) computerized library archives.
E) Global Positioning Systems.
52) Regional geography is
A) the theoretical side of cartography.
B) the part of human geography that emphasizes landscapes.
C) a combination of elements from both human and physical geography.
D) a sub-category of physical geography.
E) what separates human from physical geography.
53) Of the following, which would probably be the most useful source of data/information for
evaluating the loss of farmland to urban growth around the edges of Chicago over a 20-year
period?
A) geodemographic research
B) global positioning systems
C) remote sensing
D) mental maps
E) spatial diffusion
54) Which of the following helps describe New Orleans’ situation?
A) It lies at or below sea level.
B) It is in hurricane alley.
C) It is on the coast
D) It has a subtropical climate.
E) It is at the mouth of the Mississippi transportation waterway.
55) Which of the following is most likely to be found around the outer parts of a culture region
as modeled by geographer Donald Meinig?
A) core
B) sphere
C) domain
D) cultural hearth
E) symbolic landscapes
56) ________ are interdependent.
A) Places
B) Regions
C) Spaces
D) People
E) Places, regions, spaces, and people
57) Of the following, the best example of a functional region is
A) the Corn Belt.
B) the West Coast.
C) Cajun Country.
D) Chicago.
E) North America.
58) In the context of human geography, places
A) are dynamic.
B) have fixed boundaries.
C) are static.
D) are static and have fixed boundaries.
59) Places can best be thought of as
A) independent.
B) interdependent.
C) co-dependent.
D) dependent.
60) The success of Geographic Information Systems is primarily due to the use of this
technology.
A) shipping
B) the World Wide Web
C) computers
D) global satellites