1. Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.
a. True
b. False
2. Productive innovation refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry’s
rules of the game for producers and consumers.
a. True
b. False
3. If organizations don’t successfully change and innovate, they die.
a. True
b. False
4. An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative
impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations.
a. True
b. False
5. Technology change involves the hierarchy of authority, goals, administrative procedures, and managerial systems.
a. True
b. False
6. A product change is a change in the organization‘s product or service outputs.
a. True
b. False
7. Creativity is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the
organization.
a. True
b. False
8. Confrontation, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individuals.
a. True
b. False
9. Research shows that managers in creative companies avoid risk and experimentation.
a. True
b. False
10. The acceptance of mistakes, the freedom to discuss ideas, and the assignment of nonspecialists to problems are
characteristics of creative organizations or departments.
a. True
b. False
11. An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the
organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics.
a. True
b. False
12. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to
encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as cooperation.
a. True
b. False
13. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to
facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as exploration.
a. True
b. False
14. The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high pressure business environments that require rapidly
developing and commercializing products and services.
a. True
b. False
15. An approach to innovation that emphasizes shared development of innovations among several departments is
referred to as the horizontal linkage model.
a. True
b. False
16. A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea
champion.
a. True
b. False
17. Centralization and short time horizon are primarily used by creative organizations.
a. True
b. False
18. Skunkworks are a separate small, informal, highly autonomous, and often secretive group that focuses on
breakthrough ideas for the business.
a. True
b. False
19. A unit that is separate from the mainstream of the organization and is responsible for developing and initiating
innovations is called a new-venture team.
a. True
b. False
20. People change starts with training everyone in the organization.
a. True
b. False
21. Culture change pertains to the whole organization.
a. True
b. False
22. Culture change refers to a major shift in the norms, values, attitudes, and mindset of the entire organization.
a. True
b. False
23. Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people’s mindsets.
a. True
b. False
24. Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization’s
effectiveness and success.
a. True
b. False
25. Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that
organizational development managers face.
a. True
b. False
26. Three of the most popular and effective OD activities are team building, survey feedback, and large-group
interventions.
a. True
b. False
27. The idea in the large group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization,
gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future.
a. True
b. False
28. Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams.
a. True
b. False
29. Refreezing is the reinforcement stage of organization development in which individuals acquire a desired new skill
or attitude and are rewarded for it by the organization.
a. True
b. False
30. The three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal change with organizational development are
planning, changing,and stabilizing.
a. True
b. False
31. A change agent is an OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change.
a. True
b. False
32. In the unfreezing step, participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change.
a. True
b. False
33. The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change
is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change.
a. True
b. False
34. Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.
a. True
b. False
35. The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the need for change.
a. True
b. False
36. The adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization is known as organizational .
a. change.
b. development.
c. structure.
d. intervention.
e. responsibility.
37. For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation?
a. Disruptive innovation
b. Service innovation
c. Productive innovation
d. Restructuring innovation
e. Reverse innovation
38. _____ refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry’s rules of the game
for producers and consumers.
a. Restructuring innovation
b. Trickle up innovation
c. Productive innovation
d. Disruptive innovation
e. Reverse innovation
39. Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the
organization must learn to be .
a. cordial
b. rightsized
c. ambidextrous
d. compliant
e. intra-focused
40. The generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization is
called .
a. a search initiative
b. creativity
c. an ideal champion
d. a great idea
e. strategic analysis
41. Which of the following refers to the generation of novel solutions to perceived problems?
a. Problem solving
b. Organizational development
c. Creativity
d. Brainstorming
e. Perceived solution
42. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to
encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as .
a. exploration
b. cooperation
c. entrepreneurship
d. idea incubator
e. horizontal linkage
43. _____ change is a change in the organization‘s product or service outputs.
a. Technology
b. Product
c. Entrepreneurship
d. Creative
e. Incremental
44. Which of the following is a change in the manner in which an organization does its work?
a. Technology
b. Product
c. Entrepreneurship
d. Creativity
e. Incremental
45. A _____ change is related to the organization production process.
a. new product
b. technological
c. structural
d. culture/people
e. competitive
46. All of the following are critical innovation strategies for changing products and technologies EXCEPT .
a. exploration
b. cooperation
c. innovation roles
d. risk propensity
e. all of these are critical innovation strategies
47. Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that
encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)
type of organization.
a. experimental organization
b. cooperative organization
c. entrepreneurial organization
d. disruptive organization
e. creative organization
48. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a creative individual?
a. Conceptual fluency
b. Undisciplined exploration
c. Persistence and focused approach
d. Authorization and dependent
e. All of these are characteristic of a creative individual
49. Creative organizations:
a. are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs.
b. are loosely structured.
c. have little ambiguity.
d. have too many layers of management.
e. use a centralized decision making approach.
50. According to Fast Company, in 2012, was ranked as the World‘s Most Innovative Company.
a. Apple
b. Nintendo
c. Nokia
d. Sony
e. Procter & Gamble
51. Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be
developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics?
a. An idea champion
b. A sponsor
c. A new-venture team
d. An idea incubator
e. An inventor
52. The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to
facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as .
a. exploration
b. cooperation
c. entrepreneurship
d. idea incubator
e. horizontal linkage