198. A key finding in the Hawthorne studies was which of these?
a. Stronger lighting increased productivity.
b. More money resulted in increased productivity.
c. Productivity increased with autocratic leadership.
d. Higher temperatures reduced productivity.
e. Human relations increased productivity.
199. Chester Bernard felt that could help a poorly managed organization.
a. bureaucracy
b. line managers
c. efficiencies
d. informal relations
e. top/down flow of information
200. The findings provided by the Hawthorne Studies provided the impetus for the , despite flawed methodology
or inaccurate conclusions.
a. classical perspective
b. humanistic perspective
c. scientific management
d. bureaucratic organizations
e. contingency perspective
201. A social group within an organization is part of the:
a. formal organizational structure.
b. informal organization.
c. scalar chain.
d. reorganization process.
e. top management level.
202. A significant contribution of Chester Barnard was the concept of:
a. bureaucracy.
b. the informal organization.
c. total quality management.
d. scientific management.
e. traditional theory of authority.
203. The human resources perspective of management links motivation theories with .
a. top management
b. employee tasks
c. floor managers
d. efficiencies
e. profit maximization
204. A “dairy farm” view of management, i.e., contented cows give more milk, so satisfied workers will give more work
was espoused by:
a. human relations movement.
b. human resource perspective.
c. behavioral science approach.
d. management science perspective.
e. none of these.
205. Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs started with which of these needs?
a. Esteem
b. Love
c. Safety
d. Physiological
e. Belongingness
206. Tommy believes his employees are responsible, creative, and able to work with minimal direction. He is a:
a. theory X manager.
b. theory Y manager.
c. theory Z manager.
d. theory A manager.
e. contingency theory manager.
207. Theory X and Theory Y was developed by .
a. Douglas McGregor b. Henry Gantt
c. Max Weber d. Mary Parker Follett
e. Frank Gilbreth
208. Beth Brant, production supervisor at Trustworthy Tools Mfg., Inc. believes that her employees dislike work, avoid
responsibility, and therefore they need to be controlled and directed. Beth is a:
a. theory X manager.
b. theory Y manager.
c. realistic manager.
d. theory Z manager.
e. theory J manager.
209. According to Douglas McGregor, the classical perspective on management is consistent with which of the
following?
a. Theory X
b. Theory Y
c. Theory Z
d. Contingency theory
e. None of these
210. The behavioral sciences approach is based on which of the following disciplines?
a. Anthropology
b. Economics
c. Sociology
d. Psychology
e. All of these
211. Organizational development is one specific set of management techniques based in the approach.
a. management science
b. systems theory
c. behavioral sciences
d. scientific management
e. quantitative
212. The Forestville Freeze is regionally known for its employee training programs. Managers at the Freeze conduct
research to determine the best candidate interviewing techniques. This involves the use of which management
approach?
a. Administrative principles approach
b. Bureaucratic approach
c. Behavioral sciences approach
d. Humanistic approach
e. Scientific management approach
213. The management science perspective emerged after World War II to treat problems associated with:
a. modern global warfare.
b. environmental issues.
c. employee involvement.
d. Germany.
e. improving manufacturing.
214. Within his role as a financial accountant, Roger uses the capital asset pricing model and other mathematical tools to
help clients keep track of their finances. Which perspective or approach does Roger apply most at his work?
a. Quantitative perspective
b. Qualitative perspective
c. Humanistic approach
d. Behavioral science approach
e. Scientific management approach
215. The emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace as
well as social interactions and group processes.
a. humanistic perspective
b. classical perspective
c. scientific management
d. bureaucratic organizations
e. contingency perspective
216. Most early interpretations of the Hawthorne studies argued that the factor that best explained increased output was
_____.
a. money
b. days off
c. human relations
d. lighting
e. free food
217. The management science perspective applies all of the following to managerial problems EXCEPT:
a. statistics.
b. qualitative techniques.
c. mathematics.
d. quantitative techniques.
e. all of these are correct.
218. Operations research grew out of World War II groups and is based on .
a. group dynamics
b. employees in crisis
c. production in turbulent times
d. mathematical model building
e. a humanistic approach
219. Which of the following refers to financial managers and others who base their decisions on complex quantitative
analysis, under assumption that using advanced mathematics and technology can accurately predict how the market
works?
a. Stems
b. Yuppies
c. Quals
d. Quants
e. Fins
220. The most recent subfield of the quantitative perspective is , which is reflected in management information
systems designed to provide relevant information to managers in a timely and cost-efficient manner.
a. operations research
b. operations management
c. information technology
d. systems thinking
e. infrastructure development
221. From the 1950s until today, which management perspective has remained the most prevalent?
a. Systems
b. Qualitative
c. Scientific management
d. Quantitative
e. Humanistic
222. Georgia, an airline CEO, often looks for patterns of movement within the airline industry, focusing on the qualities of
rhythm, flow, direction, shape, and networks of relationships. This type of activity, referred to as thinking,
allows Georgia to see the structures that underlie complex situations within the industry and company.
a. systems
b. qualitative
c. quantitative
d. conceptual
e. contingency
223. 10 + 10 = 25 reflects which of these?
a. Entropy
b. Synergy
c. Open system
d. Closed system
e. Weberian math
224. It is often difficult to make decisions about subsystems because they are .
a. interdependent
b. independent
c. managed differently
d. filled with employees
e. organizationally based
225. After decades of being a manager, Jeffrey has learned that an organizational structure that is effective for one
company is likely to be ineffective for a different company. This knowledge reflects which current management
perspective?
a. Systems thinking
b. Contingency view
c. Total quality management
d. Benchmarking
e. Scientific management view
226. specifies a goal of no more than 3.4 defects per million parts.
a. Benchmarking
b. Total quality management
c. Six sigma
d. Balanced scorecard
e. Jugaad
227. In , every situation is viewed as unique.
a. a universalist view
b. a contingency view
c. a case view
d. a scientific management view
e. none of these