Which of the following is true?
a. Criminal investigation is a key element of police work.
b. Detectives are often handicapped by limited time, money, and resources.
c. Modern criminal investigators are usually knowledgeable about legal rules of
evidence and procedure.
d. All of these statements are true.
“Let the sentence fit the criminal” best describes the basic philosophy of:
a. determinate sentencing.
b. mandatory minimums.
c. fixed terms.
d. indeterminate sentencing.
Sara, an 18-year old college student uses cocaine occasionally and was just arrested for
buying $200 worth. After spending the night in jail, she is ready to put this whole
episode behind her. When she appears before the judge, she has a public defender
representing her and the attorney has assured Sara that this is no big deal as it was her
first offense.
Sara’s college was paid for by loans and scholarships. She doesn”t have any money for
bail; the money she used to buy the cocaine was what was left in her checking account.
She doesn”t talk to her parents too often, and she wouldn”t ask them for money anyway.
What is the likely outcome of Sara’s case at this point?
a. Police/pretrial jail citation release
b. Pretrial detention
c. Appeal to the Manhattan Bail Project
d. File in favor of bail reform
Which of the following is false?
a. The Supreme Court has established the right of juveniles to receive due process of
law.
b. Juveniles do not have the right to confront witnesses at trial.
c. Juveniles committing status offenses are not usually placed in secure detention
facilities.
d. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 sought to
deinstitutionalize status offenders.
Community policing is often exemplified by which of the following models?
a. Broken windows
b. Shattered promises
c. Urban decay
d. Urban blight
What is one commonly used method for treating drug-dependent inmates in today’s
prisons?
a. Solitary confinement
b. Therapeutic communities
c. Work furloughs
d. Milieu therapy
What group formed the Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public
Prisons?
a. Buddhists
b. Catholics
c. Quakers
d. Mormons
Defined as the ability to monitor one’s own and others feelings and emotions, to
discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide ones thinking and
actions is the concept of?
a. Miranda protections
b. Demeanor
c. Department politics
d. Emotional intelligence
What type of fine is geared to the offender’s net daily income?
a. Social security fines
b. Tax fines
c. Brevity fines
d. Day fines
The ability of the parents to be of assistance in disciplining the child is one factor that is
significant in police decision making about juvenile offenders.
a. True
b. False
Deteriorating neighborhoods attract law violators; this is known as the relative
deprivation hypothesis.
a.True
b.False
Which branch of law defines crimes and their punishment?
a. Martial law
b. Substantive criminal law
c. Civil law
d. Public law
The corrections system is vast and costs federal, state, and local governments
approximately $_____ billion annually.
a. $75
b. $110
c. $165
d. $264
The development of common law in the eleventh century brought some standardization
to penal practices.
a. True
b. False
Approximately ____ percent of all deaths from terrorist attacks occur in Iraq,
Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nigeria, and Syria.
a. 20
b. 40
c. 60
d. 80
In colonial America, the sheriff did not patrol or seek out crime.
a. True
b. False
The effect of intoxication upon criminal liability depends on:
a. the type of intoxicant used.
b. whether the defendant uses drugs or alcohol voluntarily.
c. whether the consumption of intoxicant began prior to the crime.
d. whether the defendant has prior convictions.
Abraham is an American citizen born to Saudi Arabian parents. His father used to know
people that had ties to Al Qaeda, but he doesn”t speak with them anymore. Recently,
Abraham’s father seems to do a lot of business on the computer and telephone at night,
but his uncle has just arrived for a visit so they are probably just catching up with old
friends. One day as Abraham is driving to school, he notices two men in a nondescript
car that seems to be following him. The next week, he notices some kind of tracking
device hanging from the underside of the car bumper.
Before Abraham was born, his father came to the United States for a job with
Microsoft. He remembers when he was a youth the death squads and the terror that was
felt by all where he grew up. What type of terrorism did Abraham’s father likely
experience?
a. State-sponsored terrorism
b. Evolutionary terrorism
c. Nationalist terrorism
d. Political terrorism
A.J. is a minority who is walking his dog in a city that has an ordinance to make sure
people clean up after their dogs. Of course A.J. has never seen this ordinance enforced,
so he just continues walking after his dog defecates. He doesn”t know that a rookie
patrolman has been watching and observed him fail to clean up his dog’s waste. A.J.
walks around the corner to find a whole wall of freshly painted graffiti and spray paint
cans on the ground. He picks one up to put it in the trash just as the patrolman is
walking around the corner to give A.J. an ordinance violation ticket.
A.J. was sentenced to the fine of $500 for the dog waste and community service hours
until he removes all of the graffiti. He is going to appeal his sentence and will appeal
his case to which court?
a. Appellate court of limited jurisdiction
b. Civil court of general jurisdiction
c. Appellate court of general jurisdiction
d. State court of general jurisdiction
Jessica has been in trouble with the law for as long as she can remember. Her first crime
was shoplifting a candy bar from the drugstore. Since then she has moved on to more
substantial shoplifting and stealing. She is currently on probation and is paying
restitution to a victim for a previous theft. Now Jessica has been arrested for home
invasion and robbery.
As Jessica recalls her past history of stealing and theft, she realizes that her parents
weren”t around very much and she doesn”t remember regularly attending school.
Parents and school represent what aspect when discussing criminal behavior?
a. Formal social control
b. Informal social control
c. Legal and immoral control
d. Illegal and moral control
Henry Huggins is a state’s attorney who wants to be mayor of Baltimore. He knows that
mayors before him have run and won on the “tough on crime” platform. Henry also
believes in being tough but fair and knows that he has the winning record both in the
courtroom and in politics. He feels that every person deserves a full array of
constitutional rights and preserving democratic ideals is paramount over the need to
punish the guilty.
If Henry believes in democratic ideals and careful scrutiny of decisions made in the
justice system,what perspective on justice does Henry take?
a. Noninterventionist
b. Crime control
c. Due process
d. Equal justice
If the rules or conditions of probation are violated, or if the probationer commits
another crime, revocation is automatic.
a. True
b. False
The Jones family lives in Washington D.C. and has a booming methamphetamine
business out of their house. One night a tree falls on their home exposing their
operation to the fire department who in turn calls the police.
In deciding whether to prosecute Mr. Jones for his meth lab, the prosecutor is concerned
about how the evidence was obtained. When discussing prosecutorial discretion, where
would his or her concern fall within?
a. Legal issues
b. Victim issues
c. Resource issues
d. Extralegal issues
Juveniles do not enjoy the same protection against double jeopardy as do adults.
a. True
b. False
A seasoned officer and his new partner are assigned to a crime, drug, and poverty
stricken neighborhood. The officer who has been on the force for a while has seen these
issues before; he knows that he has to be tough and strong and set the record straight
about who the police are, and why they are in force in that neighborhood. His partner
grew up in a neighborhood like this one and is well aware of how individuals in this
neighborhood view the police.
The officer who has been on the force longer fully intends to enforce the laws “by the
book.” What is his style of policing?
a. The law enforcer
b. The watchman
c. The crime fighter
d. The arresting officer
Which of the following is false regarding the victim”offender relationship?
a.There is no racial pattern in single-offender robberies.
b.Women are more likely than men to be victimized by an acquaintance.
c.Most crimes are committed by a single offender.
d.Minorities are the offenders in a majority of single-offender rapes and assaults.
In ____, the court ruled that the probation officer”client relationship is not confidential.
a. United States v. Weeks
b. Minnesota v. Murphy
c. Griffin v. Wisconsin
d. United Sates v. Knights
About 75 percent of female inmates have used drugs at some time in their lives.
a. True
b. False
What data source relies on a multistage sample of housing units to collect information
about citizen’s encounters with criminals?
a.Monitoring the Future Survey
b.NCVS
c.National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)
d.UCRs
Mark is learning about the history of police. He wants to find out if police were always
the way they are now: those who protect the public, serve the community, and attempt
to catch criminals. He dives into his history book and finds that the first organized
police force was established in 1829.
Mark wants to work in the federal law enforcement field, with historical roots in crime
fighting. He wants a versatile job. He should seek employment as an:
a. FBI agent
b. CIA analyst
c. DHS agent
d. USMS agent
Parens patriae is the notion that your parents have a legal duty to act in the best interests
of their children until they reach the age of 21.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is false regarding appellate courts?
a. Appellate courts try cases.
b. Appellate courts review the procedures of the case to determine whether an error was
made by judicial authorities.
c. The appellate court can order a new trial.
d. The appellate court can allow the defendant to go free.
What is the best estimate of the rate of HIV infection among state and federal prison
inmates?
a. 2 percent
b. 5 percent
c. 10 percent
d. 25 percent
In 2006, QXQ opened their doors to finance home mortgages. One of the easiest loans
for potential homeowners to obtain was called a stated income loan. These loans were
money in the bank to QXQ because people just had to fill in the forms with their current
salary, there was little documentation required, and everybody won. The buyers got
their house and QXQ got paid.
Andrew works for QXQ as an investor. He only takes clients that have at least $500,000
to invest. He has been touting this new hedge fund that he himself has invested in. It is
promising 20 percent returns every year. He just signed up the Jones family. If this
scenario is too good to be true, what will likely happen to the Jones’s money?
a. It will be invested.
b. It will be used to pay previous investors.
c. It will be used for securitization.
d. It has just provided QXQ a big kickback.
The municipal police department in a large city in Nebraska is hiring. They want new
and fresh recruits that can assist them in technological advances, information sharing,
and targeting the war on terror. Bryan has just been recruited.
Bryan’s role of using technology in policing is somewhat new, but when he looks back
at the history of the police, he can see that much of what he does with wiretapping and
surveillance was determined by the courts in the _____.
a. 1970s
b. 1980s
c. 1990s
d. 2000s
A ________________ is a person who was responsible for an offender’s behavior after
release.
Describe the strengths and weaknesses of shock probation and split sentencing.
_______ involves the forced labor, bonded labor, and commercial sexual servitude of
adults and children.
Secret Service is a branch of the Department of ____________________.
On the basis of the risk __________________ they are given, inmates are assigned to a
permanent facility.
John Braithwaite’s model of restorative justice relies on the concept of
____________________ to gain compliance and reintegrate the offender into the
community.
The charging document filed by the prosecution that forms the basis of the preliminary
hearing is referred to as a(n) ____________________.
_______________ is slang for the processes used to acquire personal information used
for identifying theft and other fraudulent activities.
A_________________ involves organized groups of detectives or patrol officers
working in plain clothes who deceive criminals into openly committing illegal acts or
conspiring to engage in criminal activity.
Discuss three types of green crime.
Most juvenile aftercare involves ______.
Defining roles, changing supervisor attitudes, and revised training are challenges of
______ policing.
Probation officers view themselves as ____________________ because their goal is to
help offenders adjust in the community.
Some believe a “_________” approach will mostly affect minority youths and enmesh
them in an already unfair system.
In the case of ____________________, the Supreme Court created objective standards
for questioning by police after a defendant has been taken into custody.
_______ is the process of creating a global economy through transnational markets and
political and legal systems.