Playing the role of mentor fulfills which aspect of Erikson’s theory of psychosocial
development?
a. generativity
b. ego integrity
c. identity
d. intimacy
According to the competence and environmental press model, slight increases in press
tend to________, whereas slight decreases in press create the_____.
a. improve performance; zone of maximal comfort
b. b. decrease performance, zone of maximal comfort
c. improve performance; zone of maximum performance potential
d. decrease performance; zone of maximum performance potential.
What part of the information processing system has an unlimited capacity, takes in
information rapidly, and is almost an identical representation of the stimuli as it exists
in the observable environment?
a. attention
b. sensory memory
c. working memory
d. tertiary memory
Measuring the functioning of various vital or life-limiting systems, such as the
cardiovascular system, is an assessment of
a. biological age.
b. chronological age.
c. sociocultural age.
d. psychological age.
In an experiment, which group receives the manipulation?
a. the control group
b. the experimental group
c. the sample
d. the population
Although the evidence suggests that there are many benefits to adult day care, such as
reducing caregiver burden, one key factor in adult day care success is
a. how many hours per week the services are offered.
b. the quality of food served.
c. whether the programs and services are culturally sensitive.
d. whether there are separate areas and activities for men and women.
One crucial aspect of friendship in old age is that friends
a. help foster independence.
b. help transition after moving.
c. replace relationships with family.
d. are less fun than family.
The psychological aspect of coming to terms with bereavement is called
a. grief.
b. mourning.
c. grief work.
d. recovery.
The ratio of body weight to height is known as
a. body fat index.
b. body health.
c. body ratio.
d. body mass index.
Socioemotional selectivity is a theory that argues that social contact is motivated by a
variety of goals, including all of the following except
a. homogamy.
b. information seeking.
c. self-concept.
d. emotional regulation.
With the advent of middle age, the focus shifts from intimacy to concern for the next
generation, expressed as
a. industry versus inferiority.
b. identity versus confusion.
c. generativity versus stagnation.
d. ego integrity versus despair.
_____________tend(s) to help men have lower levels of dating anxiety and a higher
capacity for intimacy.
a. Same-sex friendships
b. Cross-sex friendships
c. Having a close relationship with one’s mother
d. Having sisters
Dizziness and vertigo occur at greater rates in older adults due to all of the following
factors except
a. age-related structural changes in the vestibular system.
b. problems integrating sensory information coming to the brain to control posture.
c. reduction in the number of temperature receptors.
d. certain medications and illnesses that increase dizziness.
The Social Security Act was passed in which year?
a. 1865
b. 1900
c. 1935
d. 1969
Even though older and younger adults may believe it is wrong to live together before
marriage, older adults may be more rigid or adamant in this belief. This is evidence of
age differences in
a. stereotyping.
b. sexual norms.
c. social beliefs.
d. levels of religiosity.
Special care units in nursing homes have been designed specifically to best suit the
needs of clients with
a. agitation and aggression.
b. drug dependency.
c. clinical depression.
d. dementia.
Which of the following is not a reproductive change in women?
a. significant decreases in hormonal levels
b. significant decrease in sexual desire
c. shrinking and thinning of the vaginal walls
d. longer time needed to reach orgasm
Therapy for mental disorders generally involves two approaches: medical treatment and
a. hospitalization.
b. medication.
c. psychotherapy.
d. institutionalization.
Asking “Why me?” after learning that one is going to die reflects which of KblerRoss’s
stages?
a. denial
b. anger
c. depression
d. bargaining
What are the age-related changes in neurons?
a. There are no age-related changes in neurons, but there are changes in
neurotransmitters.
b. The number of neurons increases.
c. Tangles develop in the fibers that make up the axon.
d. The number of connections between neurons, measured as synapses, increases after
age 75.
Normative age-graded influences are events that
a. are unique to each person.
b. occur at a specific age for each person.
c. generally occur around the same age for most people.
d. rarely occur to any individual.
Many nursing homes still rely on the approach, which is characterized by rules,
routines, and requirements.
a. skilled
b. congruence
c. traditional
d. person-centered
Which best describes normative age-related changes in semantic memory?
a. It increases across the life span.
b. It increases until age 55-60 and then shows a precipitous decline after age 65.
c. It increases from 35-55 years of age, levels off, and then declines after age 65.
d. It shows stability until age 65, after which it increases.
The epigenetic principle in Erikson’s theory means that
a. ego development is determined by the environment.
b. each psychosocial strength has its own special time of importance.
c. the order of the stages of ego development is variable.
d. psychosocial development is due to assimilation-accommodation.
Which type of memory is concerned with learning and remembering the meanings of
words and concepts that are not tied to specific occurrences of events in time?
a. sensory memory
b. working memory
c. episodic memory
d. semantic memory
In Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), what you want to achieve is represented by
the factor
a. self-efficacy.
b. interests.
c. outcome expectations.
d. choice goals.
Which of the following is not one of the ways leisure activities buffer us from stress?
a. Leisure activities distract us from negative life events.
b. They generate optimism about the future because they are pleasant.
c. They connect us to our past.
d. They encourage us to be passive in responding to stressful events.
Wisdom is viewed as involving the following cognitive processes except
a. practical and social intelligence.
b. insight into the deeper meanings underlying a given situation.
c. constrained thinking.
d. awareness of the relative, uncertain, and paradoxical nature of problems.
Cross-linking is a process in which certain proteins in human cells interact randomly
and produce molecules that are linked in such a way that they make the body stiffer.
Which theoretical perspective does cross-linking represent?
a. programmed-cell-death theory
b. free radical theory
c. telomerase theory
d. cellular theory
Fluid intelligence is an example of
a. cognition as basic processes.
b. interdependent third-order abilities.
c. unexercised ability.
d. optimally exercised ability.
Being lazy, careless, late, unenergetic, and aimless are characteristics that fall on the
low end of Costa and
McCrae’s dimension.
a. neuroticism
b. openness to experience
c. agreeableness
d. conscientiousness
Project ACTIVE examined whether primary mental abilities could be trained. Which
second-order ability is related to the abilities trained in ACTIVE?
a. fluid intelligence
b. crystallized intelligence
c. short-term memory
d. long-term memory
Older adults are likely to have difficulties with_______, which involves remembering
where a piece of information was acquired.
a. false memory
b. source memory
c. flashbulb memory
d. implicit memory