Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Post-custody supervision in the community
b. Without any further correctional supervision
c. Used with indeterminate sentence
d. Furloughs
e. Required release
f. The prisoner promises to abide by certain conditions in exchange for being released
g. Stipulated by parole guidelines based on offenders actions
h. Treat a mental abnormality
i. The government extends the privilege of release
j. Conditional release
Mandatory release
Corrections consists of subunits, each with its own function and responsibilities. Some
examples are probation offices, halfway houses, and prisons.
a. True
b. False
What group(s) is/are affected by the bias that can be present in selecting who receives
intermediate sanctions over others?
a. whites and juveniles
b. men
c. non-English speakers and immigrants
d. non-whites and women
In most parts of United States, executions were carried out in public until the:
a. 1750s.
b. 1830s.
c. 1870s.
d. 1900s.
Therapeutic justice is a philosophy of reorienting the jail experience from being mostly
punitive to being mostly:
a. rehabilitative.
b. reintegrative.
c. reinforced.
d. shaming.
Criminal justice officials make a variety of decisions that disadvantage minority males.
These include:
a. where police patrol.
b. the cost of bail.
c. the ability to hire a private attorney.
d. all of these.
Crime mapping identifies where the problem of crime is most concentrated.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Punishment to a body inflicting pain
b. Law of civil society
c. Forced rowing
d. Detention facility
e. Pleasure over pain
f. The right to be tried in ecclesiastical court
g. Retaliation
h. Age of Reason
i. A form of banishment
j. Free will and severe punishment
Lex talionis
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Requires “essentials” of due process
b. Has no parent or guardian and does not receive proper care
c. Child who commits an act if committed by an adult is not a crime
d. Transfer to adult court
e. State as guardian
f. Parole
g. Specifies “essentials” of due process
h. Stop doing crime
i.Child not receiving proper care
j.Depends on social expectations
Dependent
People in poor communities tend to tell researchers that they want:
a. bad guys off their streets.
b. bad guys sent to prison.
c. people not to go to prison.
d. to move out of their neighborhoods.
a.Staff has direct contact with offenders
b. Prosecutor makes a deal with defendant to steer clear of incapacitation
c. Protection to the community by incarcerating an offender
d. Supervision under home confinement
e. Holding tanks for up to 48 hours
f. Person who provides bail money for a fee
g. Rehabilitative jail experience
h. Pretrial and probation violators report daily
i. Funded per prisoner per day
j. Feespecified by a judge as a condition for pretrial release
Fee system
a. Build our way out of overcrowding
b. Strains staff morale
c. Cheaper than prison
d. Let prisons become more and more crowded
e. Incarceration rate above historical norms
f. African Americans/Hispanics
g. Higher prison populations as a whole
h. Average U.S. incarceration rate from 2000 to 2007
i. Higher rate of imprisonment of specific groups
j.Raw material of corrections
Construction strategy
Nearly _______________ of all jail inmates have a history of mental problems.
a. one-half
b. one-quarter
c. one-fifth
d. two-thirds
Female offenders have traditionally received tougher sentences than men for similar
offenses.
a. True
b. False
The general public is often___________ to creative programming for inmates.
a. supportive
b. welcoming
c. hostile
d. indifferent
__________are employees who are directly concerned with furthering the institution’s
goals and are in directcontact with clients.
a. Staff personnel
b. Line personnel
c. Case workers
d. Administrators
A recent trend that aims to improve agency coordination is:
a. mission clarity.
b. partnerships.
c. restructuring.
d. method clarity.
Historically, hard labor has served only a minimal role in how and why we punish.
a. True
b. False
The United States incarcerates its people at approximately the same rate as other
countries.
a. True
b. False
__________________ refers to a report prepared by a probation officer, who
investigates a convicted offender’s background to help the judge select an appropriate
sentence.
a. Presentence
b. Pretrial
c. Post-sentence
d. Post-trial
The most common sentencing option used by U.S. judges today is intensive supervised
probation.
a. True
b. False
With respect to job turnover among officers, corrections is:
a. low.
b. high.
c. about the same as any blue-collar job.
d. relatively stable over time.
Inmates who are on a mandatory release status are able to include their good time credit
toward their release.
a. True
b. False
Victimization rates are higher for:
a. wealthy whites.
b. African American suburbanites.
c. African Americans and Latinos.
d. white urbanites.
There is no right to parole in the United States.
a. True
b. False
Bureaucracies tend to increase the personnel and resources used to maintain manage the
organization.
a. True
b. False
The proactive approach to restorative justice is based on the assumption that preventing
crime is the most efficient aim of justice.
a. True
b. False
a. Build our way out of overcrowding
b. Strains staff morale
c. Cheaper than prison
d. Let prisons become more and more crowded
e. Incarceration rate above historical norms
f. African Americans/Hispanics
g. Higher prison populations as a whole
h. Average U.S. incarceration rate from 2000 to 2007
i. Higher rate of imprisonment of specific groups
j.Raw material of corrections
Feature of mass imprisonment
_____________________ incarceration refers to when an offender on probation spends
nights and weekends in a local jail.
a. Modified
b. Shock
c. Indeterminate
d. Intermittent
When releases (parolees) come out of prison, their personal and material problems are
staggering.
a. True
b. False
If parole is a privilege, then its process is not subject to__________ due process or rules
of evidence.
Define and explain both community supervision and revocation of community
supervision. Next, list and explain the two distinct ways parole could be revoked. Are
there any inherent problems with these ways of revocation? Be sure to fully explain
your answer.
Answer:will vary.
At _________________ institutions, batteries of tests, psychiatric evaluations, and
counseling are administered so that each prisoner can be assessed for treatment as well
as custody.
_________ defendants often have higher appearance rates than those freed through bail.
___________ contends that an offender should be punished based on the severity of the
offense.
Why did the state of Illinois put a moratorium on capital punishment? Is this a favorable
resolution of their problem? Should the rest of the United States follow Illinois’
example? Why or why not?
Answer:will vary.
________________ offenses seem to be the number one contributor to the great
increase of women in prison.
The social and political climate of the 1960s gave________ rise to a model of
corrections.
Most death penalty defendants are_________ and are provided counsel by the state.
According to the authors, some people believe that_________ factors result in large
numbers of Hispanics and African Americans being processed in the criminal justice
system.
___________________ refers to an adaptive role in which an inmate views a prison
term as a brief, inevitable break in their criminal career.
____________________ refers to the variety of programs, services, facilities, and
organizations responsible for the management of individuals who have been accused or
convicted of criminal offenses.
__________________ refers to when an offender is sentenced to incarceration, is
released after a short period of confinement, and resentenced to probation.
Discuss the origins and evolution of parole within the United States. Who assisted in
the integration of this concept both internationally and within the United States? How
has parole changed since its inception in this country in the 19th century? In regard to
prison issues (e.g., lack of funding, overcrowding) currently plaguing our country, do
you believe we may see parole ultimately change again? Be sure to fully explain your
answer.
Answer:Answers will vary
Legal rules, usually set by an agency of the executive branch, designed to implement in
detail policies of that agency are ________ .
An institution for incarceration of people convicted of serious crimes, usually felons, is
called__________ .
Define and discuss what is meant by a system and how our correctional ‘system” meets
this definition.
Answer:Answers will vary.