Determinate sentencing reform has been implemented in every state.
a. True
b. False
The ____________________is acorrectional approach aimed at returning offenders to
the community as soon as possible.
a. reintegrative philosophy
b. reintegrative shaming
c. rehabilitation philosophy
d. reinstatement philosophy
The Big House is a contemporary, family-styled institution.
a. True
b. False
The initial step when admitted to jail is:
a. receiving housing assignment.
b. classification.
c. booking.
d. risk assessment.
The execution of mentally impaired (retarded) prisoners:
a. is illegal in the United States.
b. was conducted in the past, but is no longer done.
c. is still conducted in the United States.
d. none of these choices.
Illegal immigrants who commit crimes are typically required to serve their prison
sentence before they will be deported.
a. True
b. False
Research shows that when drug programs are well integrated and implanted carefully,
they can:
a. reduce relapse.
b. reduce mental illness.
c. reduce criminality.
d. all of these.
In which case did the defendant make the argument that the imposition of the death
penalty was cruel and unusual because African American men killing white victims are
sentenced to death with greater frequency than white men killing white victims?
a. Furman v. Georgia
b. Gregg v. Georgia
c. Pulley v. Harris
d. McCleskey v. Kemp
The court actor who is responsible for bringing the state’s case against the accused is:
a. the judge.
b. the prosecutor.
c. the defense attorney.
d. the probation officer.
Habeas corpus has been called:
a. the great writ of freedom.
b. the great writ of justice.
c. the great writ of liberty.
d. the great writ of procedure.
A major problem of jail administration is that sheriffs are politically accountable to
county voters, so jails are one of the most political institutions in adult corrections.
a. True
b. False
Equality with a vengeance is a term used to describe an equality of punishment meted
out to women who violate the law.
a. True
b. False
Under intensive probation, a probationer is supervised far more strictly than under
standard services.
a. True
b. False
The purpose of reality therapy is to:
a. help inmates obtain basic needs.
b. lead inmates to insight.
c. both of these choices.
d. neither of these choices.
Fines are at one end of the continuum of intermediate sanctions.
a. True
b. False
Which statement indicates the relationship between day reporting centers and
recidivism?
a. There is little evidence to support the idea that day reporting centers contribute to
lower rates of recidivism.
b. Research indicates that when offenders participate in the programs at the day
reporting centers, recidivism rates decline drastically.
c. Research indicates that when offenders participate in the programs at the day
reporting centers, recidivism rates decline slightly.
d. Research indicates that when offenders participate in the programs that the day
reporting centers, recidivism rates increase slightly.
Most people are released from prison, and therefore, relatively few elderly inmates exist
in the prison system.
a. True
b. False
The ____________________ is the idea that criminality is a sickness that can be cured
through psychological intervention.
a. medical model
b. rehabilitative psychological model
c. Pittsburgh model
d. Brockway approach
Rats and center men are terms for inmate leaders.
a. True
b. False
Which special offense inmate represents the highest percentage of inmates in prison?
a. substance-involved
b. sex offenders
c. terrorists
d. elderly
What dispositions are available to juveniles who are transferred to adult court?
a. Cases can be dismissed.
b. Offenders can be placed on probation.
c. Offenders can be placed in adult correctional facilities.
d. All of these.
Minimum security detention centers that house entire families and provide schooling
for children, recreational activities, and access to religious services are known as:
a. group detention settings.
b. family detention centers.
c. recreational facilities.
d. residential treatment facilities.
All dangerous sex offenders always receive civil commitments after they serve their
prison sentence.
a. True
b. False
Law enforcement agencies can use forfeited assets to supplement their budgets.
a. True
b. False
Despite bail reform efforts, the poor are still the group least likely to make bail.
a. True
b. False
Inmates placed in solitary confinement or administrative segregation have the right to:
a. personal hygiene.
b. exercise.
c. mattresses.
d. all of these choices.
Jessica is 15 years old. She is always fighting with her parents over her behavior
and her choice of friends. She is failing all her classes because she continually skips
school. She has also run away from her house three separate times. Her parents do
not know what to do with her; they are unable to manage her behavior, and she
was recently brought into custody for stealing a car.
Jessica was charged with motor vehicle theft. Her attorney informs her that there will be
a trial. In juvenile court this trial is known as a(an):
a. adjudicatory hearing.
b. detention hearing.
c. dispositional hearing.
d. intake hearing.
Split sentencing is a standard feature in many states with intensive supervision
programs.
a. True
b. False
Restorative justice is grounded in the concept that the government should surrender its
control over responses to crime to the victim, the offender, and the community.
a. True
b. False
What is the name of the policy that promotes sentencing repeat offenders to long prison
terms while granting first-time and nonviolent offenders shorter and more lenient
sentences?
a. general incapacitation
b. selective incapacitation
c. general deterrence
d. selective deterrence
Which colony became the model for jails?
a. Georgia
b. Maryland
c. Pennsylvania
d. Virginia
According to the research, the cognitive thinking skills program (CTSP) seems to be
more effective with:
a. property offenders under 25.
b. violent offenders under 25.
c. property offenders over 25.
d. violent offenders over 25.
Recidivism rates are low among those placed on probation for a misdemeanor.
a. True
b. False
Historically, diversion programs were used for:
a. first-time or youthful offenders.
b. those suspected of minor offenses.
c. mentally disordered offenders.
d. all of these.
The Bureau of Prisons uses the house arrest sanction for inmates:
a. before confinement.
b. before release.
c. who exhibit good behavior.
d. who request conjugal privileges.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of supermax prisons?
________________________ occurs when the court assigns custody of the defendant
to an individual or agency that promises to ensure his or her later appearance in court.
____________________ requires an offender to perform a certain number of work
hours at a private nonprofit or government agency.
What are truth-in-sentencing laws, and why were they enacted?
Prison gangs are also called ____________________groups.
Owen’s term for women’s involvement in problematic prison behaviors and activities is
_______________________.
The ____________________ has ruled that there is no legal right to parole.
Identifying high-rate offenders and providing for their long-term incarceration is known
as ____________________.
The ___________________________prison design is most widely used for maximum
security prisons in the United States.
According to the ____________________ philosophy, punishment is justified only
when it conforms to what the guilty deserve, no more and no less.
Discuss consecutive and concurrent sentences and give an example of each.
The focus of ____________________ is to bring together criminal, victim, and the
victimized community.
Parolees who have a higher risk of re-offending are typically placed on
____________________.
The number of juveniles held in jails has declined primarily because of the
____________________.
Wardens who anticipate and prevent problems before they take place are known as
____________________wardens.
Does the Supreme Court allow the execution of mentally impaired inmates? Explain.
According to the research, what can be done to improve the effectiveness of parole?
The body of judicial precedent that is built on legal reasoning and previous
interpretations of statutory laws is called __________________.