Key factors in selecting care for one’s children or parents include all of the following
except
a. quality of care.
b. price.
c. hours of care.
d. close proximity.
Whitbourne and colleagues developed a measure to assess people’s use of assimilation
and accommodation in identity formation. This measure is called the
a. Assimilation Accommodation Test
b. Identity Formation Indicator-General
c. Identity and Experiences Scale-General
d. General Self-Perception Profile
In a cross-cultural study comparing Chinese and American adults, which group showed
the greatest correspondence bias?
a. older Americans
b. older Chinese
c. younger Americans
d. younger Chinese
Differentiate between active and passive euthanasia.
The drug(s) of choice to treat bipolar disorder is/are
a. heterocyclic antidepressants.
b. lithium.
c. ECT.
d. MAO inhibitors.
Contrary to a previously held popular belief,_______persist in the adult brain and can
regenerate throughout the life span.
a. synapses
b. neurons
c. white matter
d. neural stem cells
The influence of negative aging stereotypes on performance
a. has been found only in studies of memory.
b. has been found in studies of memory, balance, and cardiovascular response.
c. has been found only in the United States.
d. was found only in the oldest adults.
Mrs. Smythe became first disabled when she was elderly, at 88-years-old. She then died
two years later. This example illustrates
a. comorbidity.
b. compression of morbidity.
c. average longevity.
d. frail older adults.
Selective optimization with compensation (SOC) is an important theoretical model that
suggests that development occurs as we continually update our_________to match our
appraisal of our .
a. personal goals; available resources
b. perceptions; expectations
c. skills; abilities
d. abilities; personal goals
Compensation is the brain’s response to_________.
a. disease
b. deterioration
c. inactivity
d. injury
Research evidence indicates that the oldest adults have more irrelevant thoughts during
processing tasks and have more trouble keeping these irrelevant thoughts out of mind.
This is evidence of
a. a decrease in intelligence.
b. inhibitory loss.
c. a decrease in overall memory space.
d. a decrease in sensory memory.
According to Kramer, Kahlbaugh, and Goldston (1992), reflective judgment progresses
in the following order:
a. relativistic, absolutist, dialectical
b. absolutist, relativistic, dialectical
c. dialectical, relativistic, absolutist
d. absolutist, dialectical, relativistic
The condition of urinary incontinence in community-dwelling older adults is only about
20%, but for those living in nursing homes, the number rises to
a. 35%.
b. 50%.
c. 70%.
d. 90%.
One dying woman reported, “It is as if the pain is gone; the struggle is over.” According
to KblerRoss’s theory this reflects which stage?
a. denial
b. acceptance
c. depression
d. bargaining
Most of us cannot accurately draw either side of common coins we see every day, such
as pennies. This is most likely because
a. our memories cannot store that much detailed information at one time.
b. our processing speed is not strong enough to process all the details on the coin.
c. our retrieval skills only provide us with some of the details of the coin.
d. we have failed to pay attention to the details of the coin.
The fact that some aspects of intelligence seem to decline while other aspects show
increases with age is reflected in which component of the life-span perspective?
a. plasticity
b. multidirectionality
c. interindividual variability
d. intraindividual consistency
Which of the following is not a criteria for whole-brain death?
a. total lack of responsiveness to even the most painful stimuli
b. no eye movements, blinking, or pupil responses
c. no postural activity, swallowing, yawning, or vocalizing
d. a flat EEG for at least 12 hours
Which of the following is not an assumption of the information-processing approach?
a. People are active participants in the process.
b. Both quantitative and qualitative aspects of performance can be examined.
c. Information is handled in the system in an untransformed manner.
d. Information is processed through a series of processes.
Which of the following statements is false?
a. The ability of the heart to contract decreases with age.
b. The amount of connective tissue in the heart decreases with age.
c. Blood pressure normally rises somewhat with age.
d. Cardiac output and cardiac reserve both decrease with age.
Theories based on life transitions propose that crises are followed by .
a. ego development.
b. interpersonal growth.
c. conscientiousness.
d. periods of relative stability.
The creation of an identity or a sense of self is the goal of this type of personality
theory.
a. dispositional traits
b. life narrative
c. self-concept
d. personal concerns
For older adults, the clear treatment of choice for anxiety disorders is
a. medications such as benzodiazepines.
b. psychotherapy such as relaxation techniques.
c. medications such as SSRIs.
d. life review therapies.
Which theory of aging suggests that there is an innate ability in cells to self-destruct?
a. rate-of-living
b. free radicals
c. programmed-cell-death
d. cross-linking
_______refers to allowing a person to die by withholding available treatment.
a. Active euthanasia
b. Invoking a living will
c. Advance directive
d. Passive euthanasia
Everyone describes Jamie as a nice person who is always helpful. This description best
represents the personality concept of
a. behaviors.
b. traits.
c. stereotypes.
d. generativity.
The organized, coherent, integrated pattern of self-perceptions is the
a. ego.
b. life story.
c. self-concept.
d. scenario.
The profile of the typical nursing home resident has changed over time. Between the
years 1999 and 2008, Latino and Asian American residents , whereas European
American residents .
a. increased by 55%; decreased by 10%
b. decreased by 55%; increased by 10%
c. increased by 10%; decreased by 10%
d. increased by 55%; remained stable
Using the developmental forces perspective, the genetic component of Alzheimer’s
disease would be classified as
a. an interpersonal factor.
b. a psychological factor.
c. a biological factor.
d. a life-cycle factor.
What can we conclude about the development of dispositional traits across adulthood?
a. Personality traits remain stable when the data are averaged across many different
kinds of people.
b. Personality traits remain stable but only when examining specific personality traits in
specific kinds of people.
c. When the data are averaged across many different kinds of people, the research
overwhelmingly points to personality change over time.
d. It has become apparent that we do not have adequate measures to assess personality
trait stability and change over time.
Research findings that indicate differences between older and younger adults with
issues such as memory, attentional capacity, and processing speed must be interpreted
carefully. Why?
a. Memory tests are biased against younger adults.
b. A test that measures memory in a younger adult will not be valid for testing an older
adult.
c. Age differences are sensitive to the conditions under which they are measured.
d. Any differences observed between the two groups are due to declining vision and
hearing in older adults, not due to decreases in memory or attention per se.
What aspect of leisure activities remains constant across adulthood?
a. the type pursued
b. the quantity of activity
c. the intensity of involvement in the activity
d. the length of activity