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Like Zande witches, Navaho witches are born with a physical substance within their
bodies that are responsible for their witchcraft.
In Haitian Vodou, the identification of the Yoruba deity Legba as St. Peter is an example
of syncretism.
Much of the popular Christian beliefs about angels comes not from the Bible, but from
other Church writings.
In the Haida story "The Raven Steals the Light," the Raven is an example of a trickster.
Exorcism is used primarily for the cure of witchcraft.
A deity might communicate to a community through a prophet.
The observation of animal behavior or objects in the sky such as comets is called
omens.
In the Holiness Church the observed altered state of consciousness is most similar to
which of the following behaviors found in tribal cultures:
a. spirit possession
b. divination
c. healing
d. shamanism
The approach to the study of religion that is concerned with the relationship between
culture and personality and the connection between society and the individual is the:
a. psychosocial approach
b. the functional approach
c. the analytic approach
d. the Marxist approach
Central to the role of a shaman is:
a. conducting period rituals
b. controlling spirit helpers and entering an altered state of consciousness
c. conducting rituals to ensure a good harvest
d. all of the above
The part of the brain that enables us to distinguish our selves from the world around us
is the:
a. cerebellum
b. orientation association structure
c. Broca's area
d. frontal lobe
The analysis of myth in terms of binary opposites is an example of:
a. functional analysis
b. structural analysis
c. psychoanalytic analysis
d. evolutionary analysis
Which of the following is true about Navaho witchcraft?
a. Navaho witches are born with witchcraft substance within their bodies
b. witchcraft is a common factor in Navaho life that is freely talked about
c. witchcraft is learned from a close relative and requires initiation
d. witches participate in healing rituals
All of the following are phases of a rite of passage except:
a. transition
b. separation
c. peripheralization
d. incorporation
An example of an ethnography is:
a. Goodall's study of chimpanzee behavior
b. Herskovits's study of economic anthropology
c. Johanson's study of the fossil hominids from Hadar
d. Malinowski's study of the Trobriand Islanders
Lord Pakal ruled what is now called the site of Palenque. Palenque was built by the
ancient:
a. Egyptians
b. Incas
c. Mayas
d. Aztecs
Which of the following is correct about oral texts?
a. The recitation of oral texts is often a performance.
b. The story may change with each telling.
c. Different versions of the same story may exist in different places.
d. all of the above
Divination can be used to:
a. determine the cause of an illness
b. provide the result of an undertaking that is about to begin
c. locate game for hunters
d. all of the above
Differences in the concept of the soul among human societies include:
a. the size of the soul
b. the number of souls a human possesses
c. the location of the soul in the human body
d. all of the above
An example of a membranophone is a:
a. flute
b. rattle
c. drum
d. violin
The revival of shamanism among the Yakut (Shkha) is, in part, a rejection of Christian
elements introduced by the Russian Orthodox Church.
In Native American cultures it is common for an individual to enter an altered state of
consciousness and receive a gift of supernatural power. Seeking to do this is known as
a:
a. vision quest
b. soul search
c. spiritual boon
d. guardian gift
On the sarcophagus cover in which Lord Pakal was entombed we see the image of Lord
Pakal:
a. riding into battle on an elephant
b. at the moment of death falling into the jaws of the Otherworld
c. sitting upon his throne
d. killing an enemy king in battle
The belief that an immortal, eternal soul is born again and again in different bodies is
found in:
a. Catholicism
b. Islam
c. Hinduism
d. Judaism
Closely related to tattooing is scaring. Scarification is known as:
a. corseting
b. cicatrization
c. infibulation
d. nullification
Myths differ from folktales in that:
a. myths are recounted in ritual and folktales are not
b. myths reflect the worldview and folktales do not
c. myths with the supernatural and folktales do not
d. all of the above
Rituals that reinforce community standards of behavior and community cohesiveness
are:
a. rites of passage
b. social rites of intensification
c. revitalization rituals
d. salvation rituals
One of the universal characteristics of witchcraft is that:
a. witches are always female
b. witches achieve their evil ends through magical techniques
c. witches achieve their evil power through a pact or relationship with a supernatural
power
d. none of the above
Late nineteenth century anthropologists who saw "primitive" societies as presenting an
early stage in the development of religion were using the:
a. functional approach
b. essentialist approach
c. evolutionary approach
d. psychoanalytic approach
Characteristic of Siberian Shamanism is the use of:
a. hand held drums
b. hallucinogenic snuff
c. dancing
d. self-inflicted pain
The doctrine of signatures tells us that:
a. plants have signs that proclaim their use
b. the future can be read in a person's signature
c. cures occur when a person touches the correct sign painted on a cave wall
d. certain hand gestures must be avoided or else the individual will fall ill
The stories of Star Wars and Harry Potter most closely resemble:
a. monomyths
b. creation stories
c. trickster stories
d. apocalyptic stories
In an analytic definition of religion, the study of the organization and leadership of a
religious system represents the:
a. social dimension
b. ritual dimension
c. institutional dimension
d. narrative dimension
In contrast with tribal beliefs, Euro-American witchcraft beliefs are characterized by:
a. witches were usually female
b. the power of witches was derived from a pact with the Devil
c. witchcraft was a crime against God and witches could be publicly executed
d. all of the above
Anthropologists attempt to see the world through the eyes of the people in the
community they are studying. This is:
a. emic analysis
b. functional analysis
c. etic analysis
d. psychosocial analysis
Haitians do not use the term Vodou. Instead they refer to their religion as:
a. "serving the spirits"
b. "Haitian Catholicism"
c. "nature worship"
d. "healing"
Which of the following is true about the myth of Genesis?
a. there are two separate versions of creation told
b. the stories reflect a patriarchal worldview
c. the text acts as a social charter
d. all of the above
Among Australian aborigines, the family will react to what they believe is an
impending death by:
a. singing ancestral songs
b. withdrawing from the dying person
c. withholding food and water
d. all of the above
Which of the following features characterizes a shaman?
a. shamans are usually full-time specialists
b. shamans are usually associated with permanent shrines and temples
c. the power of a shaman is determined by his or her personal ability to contact the
supernatural
d. shamanistic rituals are usually prescriptive and periodic
Which of the following is true about Navaho witchcraft?
a. witches use materials taken from corpses such as corpse powder
b. witches can turn themselves in animals at will
c. witches will kill a close relative as part of the process of becoming a witch
d. all of the above are true statements
Which of the following statements about Eastern Orthodox Priests is true?
a. Monks are priests who live in isolated communities.
b. Priests primarily perform social rites of intensification.
c. Priests perform rites of passage, such as birth, baptism, marriage and death.
d. All of the above are true.
Gods that are remote and uninterested in human affairs are otiose gods.
The essentialist definition of religion emphasizes that region is the domain of the
extraordinary.
Possession and prophecy are examples of deliberate inspirational divination.
A person who judges another society in terms of his or her own culture is said to be
ethnocentric.
A granary has collapsed seriously injuring a man who was working underneath it. An
Azande would be most like to blame the injury upon sorcery.
Robert Edgerton believes that all cultural practices are valid and must be accepted in
the context of the society's culture.
Among the Azande, witchcraft accusations are most likely to occur between people
with strong social ties.
The assignment of meaning to a symbol is always based upon what the symbol looks
like or sounds like.
Traits that diffuse from one culture to another are usually altered to fit into the cultural
system of the receiving culture.
To say that something is a myth means that it is not true.
Characteristics of altered states of consciousness include disturbances in concentration,
attention, memory, and judgment.
Bar mitzvahs and quinceaeras are examples of social rites of intensification.
The Day of the Dead (Dia de los Muertos) in Mexico was a time when ghosts and evil
spirits returned to take revenge on the living.
The study of religious art excavated from now extinct cultures is a part of the field of
archaeology.
Shamans in Korea are usually women who have experienced some type of
psychological stress in their lives.
Examples of endocannibalistic anthropophagers are the Yanomam and the Fore.
The way in which God is portrayed changes over time in the Tanakh.
