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BHP Billiton in Papua New Guinea
A.increased the standard of living for the majority of the indigenous population.
B.closed the mine that was not up to environmental standards.
C.denied that they had made any negative environmental impacts.
D.has caused flooding and pollution that has forced many indigenous families to move.
E.began a reforestation project.
________ involves full-time religious specialists.
A.Communal religion
B.Shamanic religion
C.Olympian religion
D.Mana
E.Taboo
Which of the following statements is a distinction between culture and society?
A."Culture is the result of higher education, whereas society is shared by all people."
B."People share society with other animals, but culture is distinctly human."
C."Culture is genetically programmed, whereas society is transmitted through social
learning."
D."People attain culture through international travel but society is the social
environment of their native land."
E."Society rests more upon certain features of human biology than does culture."
Barth uses the term ________ to refer to a society that combines ethnic contrasts,
ecological specialization, and economic interdependence of groups.
A.colony
B.broad-spectrum subsistence
C.plural society
D.imagined community
E.assimilation
________ refers to the study of the interactions between European nations and the
societies they colonized.
A.Mission civilisatrice
B.Neoliberalism
C.Postcolonial
D.Postimperial
E.Posthegemonic
The ________ is/are an example of a matrilineal-matrilocal society.
A.United States
B.Yanomami
C.Betsileo
D.Etoro
E.Minangkabau
________ refers to changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand
contact.
A.Acculturation
B.Hegemony
C.Enculturation
D.Diaspora
E.Colonialism
________ causes neural tube defects.
A.An overproduction of vitamin D
B.An underproduction of vitamin D
C.A diet rich in fatty fishes
D.The HbS allele
E.The destruction of folate
During the first few weeks in the field, the anthropologist will
A.be completely useless, as he or she is in culture shock.
B.spend time recovering from jet lag.
C.only hand out gifts to the children of the culture.
D.notice some of the most basic aspects of cultural diversity, which eventually fade
from consciousness.
E.read background history on the culture.
Cultural relativism is
A.a cultural universal, based upon the human capacity to use symbols.
B.the argument that behavior in a particular culture should not be judged by the
standards of another culture.
C.a cultural particular, based upon the interrelatedness of humans.
D.the opposite of participant observation.
E.the same thing as ethnocentrism.
Most professional linguists regard AAVE as a(n)
A.protolanguage.
B.distinct language.
C.linguistic anomaly.
D.dialect of English.
E.inferior version of English.
Which of these statements is NOT true?
A."Malinowski proposed that "practical anthropology' should focus on the diffusion of
European culture into tribal societies."
B."Malinowski was not opposed to aiding colonial regimes by studying land tenure and
land use in order to recommend how much land local people should keep and what
Europeans should obtain."
C."The British Empire saw no use for anthropologists, and British colonials
purposefully distanced themselves from anthropologists in the field."
D."A historical association exists between early anthropology, especially in Europe, and
colonialism."
E."During World War II, American anthropologists studied Japanese and German
culture to predict the behavior of these wartime enemies of the United States."
A common goal of development projects is to
A.increase socioeconomic stratification.
B.promote ethnocide.
C.facilitate cultural assimilation.
D.decrease local autonomy.
E.increase equity.
Survey research differs from ethnography because survey research
A.studies whole functioning communities.
B.is based on first-hand fieldwork.
C.is more personal.
D.generally focuses on a subset of a larger population.
E.has traditionally been used to study small-scale, nonindustrial societies.
Which of these statements about British colonialism is NOT true?
A."British colonialism lacked an intervention philosophy."
B."British colonialism consisted of two main phases."
C."British colonialism was legitimized by the racist notion of "the white man's burden'."
D."British colonialism began to disintegrate following World War II."
E."British colonialism was driven by economic interests."
Which of the following is a negative consequence of online networking?
A.Many relationships begin "virtually."
B.There are increased opportunities to meet new people.
C.People may share personal details with someone other than their partner.
D.Internet dating is an "experience technology."
E.Socially isolated people have an increased ability to network.
According to Tylor, ________ is the idea that a person's body is inhabited by two
entities.
A.olympianism
B.totemism
C.animism
D.mana
E.polytheism
________ frequently occurs during the liminal phase of a rite of passage.
A.Reversals of ordinary behavior
B.Intensification of social hierarchy
C.Formation of an implicit ranking system
D.Use of secular language
E.Adherence to social norms
Which of the following human rights attempts to conserve each society's core beliefs,
knowledge, and practices in relation to commercial value?
A.cultural
B.social
C.individual property
D.intellectual property
E.religious
The AAA disapproves of the Human Terrain System because
A.the program, aimed at using land more effectively for farming, does not consider the
needs of the local populations.
B.it forces archaeologists to excavate areas that are not in danger of destruction and
have no impact on current research questions.
C.the AAA would like research to remain focused on American subcultures.
D.the AAA believes the military should make decisions about which research projects
should be funded.
E.it places anthropologists in positions that would violate the AAA Code of Ethics.
Communitas is
A.social inequality that is accepted even by those who are less privileged.
B.a feeling of great social solidarity, equality, and togetherness.
C.anxiety about the meaning of life.
D.the Latin word for mana.
E.the supernatural.
The question, ________, was important in the origins of American anthropology.
A."How are the Neandertals related to us?"
B."Where did Native Americans come from?"
C."When and where did food production first begin?"
D."How much beer do people in Arizona drink today?"
E."Where do ideals of attractiveness come from?"
Sociologists primarily study
A.nonindustrial societies.
B.small, nonliterate populations.
C.the daily life of another culture.
D.the industrial West.
E.the industrial East.
In the ________ region of the United States, people do not speak with an accent.
A.New England
B.West Coast
C.Southeast
D.Midwest
E.None of these is correct, as regional speech variations exist throughout the United
States.
If rights to land are passed on through descent groups, the ________ adaptive strategy
is most likely.
A.large-game hunting
B.nonindustrial food producing
C.reciprocal
D.foraging
E.redistribution
The Igbo Women's War is an example of
A.hegemony working to eliminate resistance.
B.social stratification.
C.religious control.
D.shame and ridicule as a method of resistance.
E.women achieving status in a tribal society.
A policy of ethnic expulsion or ethnic persecution may create
A.social races.
B.ethnic harmony.
C.refugee populations.
D.a plural society.
E.multiculturalism.
Archaeologists study
A.language.
B.race.
C.biological adaptation.
D.modern cultural diversity.
E.material remains.
Human populations living in temperate, northern climates generally have light skin
color because it
A.helps to prevent rickets.
B.exists in a balanced polymorphism.
C.helps to prevent sickle-cell anemia.
D.helps to protect against skin cancer.
E.protects against hypervitaminosis.
________ is the term for an expert on a particular aspect of local life.
A.Representative sample
B.Etic informant
C.Key cultural consultant
D.Biased informant
E.Life historian
Ethnocentrism is defined as viewing another culture
A.by that culture's standards.
B.in terms of your own culture and values.
C.by government standards.
D.by the universal moral code that we all follow.
E.through rose-colored glasses.
Which of these statements accurately describes the use of language by apes?
A."Only humans are capable of learning and using language."
B."Apes use American Sign Language in the wild."
C."Apes cannot be taught to use American Sign Language."
D."Only chimpanzees can learn American Sign Language."
E."Apes can learn American Sign Language and have shown the capacity for cultural
transmission, productivity, and displacement."
In survey research, sampling is
A.the collection of a representative subset of a larger population.
B.the interviewing of a small number of key cultural consultants.
C.participant observation.
D.the collection of life histories of every member in a community.
E.the recording of the emic perspective.
