Only children __________ than children with siblings.
A)do poorer in school
B)are somewhat closer to their parents
C)have lower achievement motivation
D)have fewer close, high-quality friends
Which of the following facelike drawings is newborn Rori most likely to prefer?
A)one with the features arranged upright
B)one with the features arranged upside down
C)one with the features arranged sideways
D)one with eyes closed and no mouth
Gemma eats very little. She is likely to experience puberty __________ the average girl.
A)much earlier than
B)slightly earlier than
C)around the same time as
D)later than
Unlike children, teenage rough-and-tumble players
A)establish a dominance hierarchy.
B)rarely cheat.
C)continue interacting after an episode.
D)hurt their opponents.
Fabian and his sister Felicity regularly play video games that require rapid mental rotation
of visual images. You would expect
A)both children to show decreased spatial abilities in school.
B)both children to show enhanced scores on spatial tasks.
C)Felicity to show enhanced spatial scores, and Fabian’s scores to be unaffected.
D)Fabian to show enhanced spatial scores, and Felicity’s scores to be unaffected.
Some neo-Piagetian theorists combine Piaget’s stage approach with the __________
emphasis on task-specific changes.
A)ecological systems
B)information-processing
C)dynamic systems
D)Vygotskian
Which of the following statements about the relationship between attachment security and
infant child care is true?
A)The best current evidence confirms that use of nonparental care during the first year
affects attachment security.
B)Infants who experience daily separations from their employed parents are at risk for
developmental problems.
C)The relationship between child care and emotional well-being depends on both family
and child-care experiences.
D)Exposure to child care exerts a more powerful impact on children€s adjustment than
does parenting quality.
Secular trends in physical growth involve changes in body size
A)from one region to another.
B)as a result of evolutionary adaptation.
C)from one generation to the next.
D)as a result of periodic growth spurts.
With regards to teaching mathematics, research finds that __________ is most
beneficial.
A)rote memorization of math facts and rules
B)computation drills alone
C)”number sense” alone
D)a blend of drill in computing and “number sense”
Currently, the average number of children per woman of childbearing age is _____ in the
United States.
A)3.1
B)2.7
C)2.1
D)1.8
__________ refers to a gradual reduction in the strength of a response due to repetitive
stimulation.
A)Imitation
B)Recovery
C)Habituation
D)Reinforcement
Characteristics that vary on a continuum among people, such as height, weight, and
intelligence, are due to __________ inheritance.
A)X-linked
B)polygenic
C)dominant-recessive
D)paternal
On the DNA ladder, adenine always appears
A)alone.
B)with thymine.
C)with cytosine.
D)with guanine.
Once habituation occurs, a new stimulus causes responsiveness to return to a high level, an
increase called
A)imitation.
B)recovery.
C)extinction.
D)punishment.
Childhood injuries
A)are typically “accidental” and usually cannot be prevented.
B)occur within a complex ecological system and can often be prevented.
C)rank second only to cancer as a cause of childhood mortality in industrialized nations.
D)are less common in the United States than in other industrialized nations.
The No Child Left Behind Act mandates that
A)every child will have access to high-quality education and extracurricular activities,
regardless of race, class, or sex.
B)by the year 2016, every child will need to attend at least two years of college.
C)every country in the world will provide an education for all children regardless of sex.
D)each state evaluate every public school’s performance through annual achievement
testing and publicize the results.
Mei Mei uses the word “close” to apply to closing a book, turning off the light, and tying
her shoelaces. This is an example of
A)underextension.
B)overextension.
C)telegraphic speech.
D)referential speech.
Gender intensificiation typically
A)declines by early adolescence.
B)declines by late adolescence.
C)stems from environmental factors.
D)is unrelated to adolescent dating.
Results from the groundbreaking longitudinal study on temperament conducted by
Alexander Thomas and Stella Chess showed that
A)temperament can increase a child’s chances of experiencing psychological problems.
B)because temperament is innate, parenting practices cannot modify children’s emotional
styles.
C)temperament cannot protect a child from the negative effects of a highly stressful home
life.
D)the psychological traits that make up temperament in childhood play a very small role in
adult personality.