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The forerunner of today's sheriff in medieval England was the constable.
a. True
b. False
Self-defense as a justification requires imminent danger.
a. True
b. False
Insanity, intoxication, and ignorance are all types of justifications.
a. True
b. False
Acts such as truancy and running away from home are considered status offenses.
a. True
b. False
"Widening the net of justice" is of concern to you if you favor which justice
perspective?
a. Nonintervention
b. Due process
c. Equal justice
d. Rehabilitation
Probation typically involves the suspension of an offender's sentence for promise of
good behavior in the community.
a. True
b. False
One reason it has proven difficult for law enforcement to combat drug cartels is
because:
a. they work in conjunction with transnational crime groups like the Russian mob.
b. the property where drugs are grown is disguised as migrant farms.
c. they employ gangs to protect them and intimidate enemies.
d. the RICO Act has backfired on the US government.
Ben is an identity thief. His scam is really easy: he has a skimmer that he puts on the
credit card reader at the gas station. When unsuspecting patrons pay for their gasoline,
Ben gets a copy of their credit card number. Ben has just bought a Mercedes Benz
under one of his unsuspecting victim's names. When the dealer does the credit check,
they find that there is an alert for potential stolen identity. Ben is arrested, charged,
convicted, and sentenced to 10 years in prison.
As an identity thief who is good with numbers and money, Ben makes friends inside
prison pretty quickly. He runs a sports betting ring that both correctional officers and
inmates are part of and Ben gives pointers to some of the younger guys. Which best
aligns with how Ben is able to carry himself on the inside?
a. Ben's experience is a total institution.
b. Ben is teaching classes in prison.
c. Ben is part of the criminal university.
d. Ben has adapted to being classified.
Civil libertarians are concerned that the USAPA permits investigations of a broad range
of activities involving legitimate political dissent, not just terroristic activity.
a. True
b. False
What factor is said to have precipitated the "new" inmate culture?
a. Determinate sentencing practices
b. The growing crack cocaine epidemic
c. The Black Power movement of the 1960s and 1970s
d. Increasing levels of prison overcrowding
What element must be present in order for the excuse of necessity to be valid?
a. The victim consented.
b. No means of escape were available.
c. The harm to be avoided was greater than the offense charged.
d. The offense was based on a presumptive conclusion of mens rea.
An individual who has committed a serious offense, or who has a prior felony
conviction, is never awarded probation.
a. True
b. False
African"American inmates often suffer discrimination within the prison itself.
a. True
b. False
Courts cannot release to the press identifying information about a juvenile, but they
must release information about an adult offender.
a. True
b. False
Henry Fielding established the first organized police department in London.
a. True
b. False
Sean hasn"t always been on the wrong side of the law; he grew up in a two-parent
household and was involved with his church and the community garden that his dad
loved. When his dad was arrested and sent to prison for growing copious amounts of
marijuana, everything changed. When his father was sentenced, his mom left him with
his grandma and she hasn"t been seen in 2 years. Sean has had many chances to reform
his behavior in the juvenile system, and his grandmother has tried to get him counseling
and a mentor. Despite his young age of 16, Sean has just been sentenced as an adult in a
shooting rampage that killed one and wounded four.
Sean has gotten in a fight with another inmate, and he will be transferred to another
prison with a different custody level. What will be the likely choice for Sean who is
now considered a more violent offender?
a. Federal prison camp
b. Medium-security prison
c. Private prison
d. Maximum-security prison
There are very strict, formal qualifications for federal judges.
a. True
b. False
Entrapment is a defense against criminal culpability that is found in the Bill of Rights.
a. True
b. False
You have just been put on administrative leave for screaming at and hitting a teen with
a nightstick who was loitering and skateboarding in a public area because he disobeyed
your order to cease and desist. Until you see the video of yourself on YouTube, secretly
recorded by a third party, you didn't realize how angry you had become after being
disrespected and disobeyed by the teen.
You have no explanation for your behavior except that you were doing your job. You
were placed on administrative leave because:
a. you are a "meat eater."
b. you used excessive force.
c. of extralegal factors.
d. of peer factors.
Barry has been a police officer since 1972. He has seen a lot of changes in his
department and to the culture of policing in general. In the 1970s most of his fellow
officers were white men. He thinks the idea of adding more women and minorities to
the force is great because it may be easier to respond to certain incidents if you have
heterogeneity.
William is a new recruit in Barry's department. William's father was a police officer as
well and he would like to follow in his footsteps. As a minority, he has heard stories of
his father having to patrol a neighborhood but needing to call a white officer to make an
arrest. His father's experience can be described as:
a. the same as the ethnic minority experience.
b. the same as the female experience.
c. the blue curtain.
d. double marginality.
Interviewing witnesses in a criminal case is one of the duties of the prosecutor.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following is a branch of the DHS?
a. Secret Service
b. FBI
c. USMS
d. ATF
The ____ is conducted primarily to gain information for judicial sentences.
a. intake
b. presentence investigation
c. diagnosis
d. adjudication
Stalking laws are an example of the creation of a new law in response to emerging
social issues.
a. True
b. False
Henry Huggins is a state's attorney who wants to be mayor of Baltimore. He knows that
mayors before him have run and won on the "tough on crime" platform. Henry also
believes in being tough but fair and knows that he has the winning record both in the
courtroom and in politics. He feels that every person deserves a full array of
constitutional rights and preserving democratic ideals is paramount over the need to
punish the guilty.
What is the concept called that describes Henry's involvement with the defense
attorney, judge, and other courtroom personnel that helps to streamline the process of
justice through extensive use of deal making and plea bargaining?
a. Safe streets control group
b. Courtroom work group
c. The center work group
d. Cooperative work group
____ theory recognizes that as people mature, the factors that influence their behavior
change.
a.Social structure
b.Developmental
c.Psychological
d. Social process
Private prisons have the unique advantage of:
a. allowing the government to circumvent the voting process to approve a bond issue.
b. being selective in which inmates are housed.
c. not cutting corners, because they have private sources of funding.
d. being difficult to determine accountability for problems and mishaps.
Any promise made by a prosecutor during a plea negotiation must be kept after the
defendant admits guilt in open court.
a. True
b. False
Split sentencing involves turning part of the justice process into a healing process rather
than just a distributor of revenge and punishment.
a. True
b. False
Federal legislation that enables prosecutors to bring additional criminal or civil charges
against people engaged in two or more acts prohibited by 24 existing federal and 8 state
laws is termed _____.
a. the enhancement penalty
b. RICO
c. the Travel Act
d. the Federation
Three-strikes laws are a widely known form of determinate sentencing, providing
lengthy prison terms for any person convicted of three serious offenses.
a. True
b. False
Which 19th century program was similar to a modern foster home?
a. The House of Refuge
b. The Children's Aid Society
c. The Child Savers United Agency
d. The typical house of reformation
Violation of curfew, truancy, smoking, and underage drinking are all examples of
_______.
Discuss the problem of prison violence and what efforts can be undertaken to reduce the
chances of such violence.
Discuss cybercrime as a challenge in the contemporary justice system
________________law is used to resolve control and shape personal interactions such
as wills, trusts, and property ownership.
Contemporary criminal justice agencies are political entities whose structure and
function are lodged within the ___, ___, and ___ branches of the government.
North Carolina v. Pearce and Blackledge vv. Perry are cases that address the issue of
__________.
Compare and contrast three intermediate sanctions in terms of their structure and
effectiveness.
"Club Fed" is a slang term for a ____________ prison.
The ___________ refers to an outcome of capital punishment that enhances, rather than
deters, the level of violence in society.
To avoid stigma and labeling, ___________________ programs suspend criminal
proceedings so that the accused can participate in treatment under court supervision.
Advocates of the ________________ perspective view the efforts of the state to punish
and control crime as encouraging crime rather than discouraging it.
____________________ gives the police the power to analyze detailed visuals of crime
patterns.
A typical _____________________ facility is fortress like, surrounded by stone walls
with guard towers that are strategically placed around the grounds.
________, most simply, is a violation of criminal law.
Illegal _________________ involves harvesting, processing, and transporting timber or
wood products in violation of existing laws and treaties.
Compare and contrast the juvenile justice system and the adult criminal justice system.
The __________, created in 1835, was one of the first state police agencies formed.
The Gun Control act of 1968 and the Organized Crime control act of 1970 gave this
federal agency, the ______, power over illegal sale, importation, and criminal misuse of
various commodities.
Turmoil and crisis were hallmarks of policing during the _____.
The ____________________ is composed of law enforcement, the courts, and the
correctional system.
