1) chuck, a 13-year-old, has a learning disability for which he receives special services
at school. when he was 5, it is likely that chuck exhibited which developmental
abnormality?
a. problems with arousal, attention, and alertness
b. difficulties with drawing, cutting, and printing letters
c. speech delays and poor phonology
d. delays in fine- and gross-motor skills
2) research shows that regular breaks for physical activity and social interaction ______
elementary schoolchildrens attention to cognitively demanding tasks.
a. decreases
b. increases
c. has no effect on
d. none of these; the effect of breaks on attention has not been studied
3) behavior that is intentionally aimed at harming or injuring another person is called:
a. aggression.
b. prosocial behavior.
c. empathy.
d. induction.
4) which of the following statements regarding ethnic identity development is false?
a. racial prejudices and stereotypes can make it difficult for ethnic minority children to
develop positive feelings of competency and worth.
b. the racial composition of a school can have an important influence on the
self-concepts and self-esteem of ethnic minority youths.
c. in general, white adolescent girls have higher self-esteem than hispanic or
african-american adolescent girls.
d. the work of forming an ethnic identity generally takes place in adolescence.
5) which of the following statements regarding language and communication disorders
is true?
a. children with communication disorders experience numerous academic problems
because language is critical in shaping cognitive development.
b. many students with communication disorders experience social interaction problems.
c. idea stipulates that children between the ages of 3 and 5 years who need special
services for communication disorders should receive them.
d. all of these statements are true.
6) which sequence most closely resembles the typical order of developing conservation
concepts?
a. substance, length, area, volume
b. length, number, area, weight
c. number, volume, area, substance
d. number, substance, area, volume
7) research from expert-versus-novice studies suggests that advances in childrens
thinking processes are explained by:
a. quantitative changes in knowledge.
b. qualitative changes in how knowledge is organized.
c. both quantitative and qualitative changes in knowledge.
d. neither quantitative nor qualitative changes in knowledge.
8) a persons need for self-expression, creativity, and harmony with the environment is
best described as:
a. need to achieve.
b. self-actualization needs.
c. effectance motivation.
d. identity need.
9) according to the text, iq scores are best thought of as indicators of:
a. creativity.
b. innate abilities.
c. how well a child will do in school.
d. complex reasoning skills.
10) fourteen-year-old nolan was recently angered by his locker-mate, paul. instead of
confronting paul, nolan reframes the situation, deciding that paul may have been in a
bad mood. nolan also realizes that confronting paul will only make himself more upset.
nolan is demonstrating:
a. self-control.
b. self-efficacy.
c. self-esteem.
d. self-conscious emotions.
11) the paths program described in the text was an attempt to help elementary school
children in seattle public schools to develop:
a. emotional competence.
b. academic excellence.
c. impulse control.
d. intrinsic motivation.
12) you are a teacher in a school with students who speak several different dialects.
which of the following would be the least effective strategy for promoting your students
development of the dominant dialect used in the school?
a. ask children to write two versions of the same story on facing pages, one in the
dominant dialect and one in their dialect.
b. be vigilant about correcting students use of the nondominant dialect.
c. model the use of the standard dialect used in your school.
d. promote an atmosphere where your students feel comfortable about making mistakes.
13) carol gilligans contribution to the study of moral development is:
a. pointing out that kohlbergs scheme of measuring moral development may be biased
against women.
b. suggesting that moral decisions can be based on an ethic of care as well as an ethic of
justice.
c. both of these
d. neither of these