Which agency operates throughout the United States?
a. DEA
b. FBI
c. ATF
d. all of the these
When police officers “handle the situation” they are performing which responsibility of
policing?
a. enforcing laws
b. providing services
c. preventing crime
d. preserving the peace
Mitigating circumstances may include:
a. a prior record.
b. a passive role in the offense.
c. use of a weapon.
d. disregard for the safety of others.
Excessive bail is prohibited under the Amendment.
a. Fourth
b. Fifth
c. Sixth
d. Eighth
Police response time is a benchmark used for police efficiency.
a. True
b. False
Case 8-2
Ruth was arrested for burglary. If Ruth is found guilty, she can be sentenced to 5 years
in a state prison. The prosecutors are offering her a 3-year prison sentence if she pleads
guilty to the charges. Ruth is being represented by a public defender who informs Ruth
she must decide if she will take the plea bargain or decide to go to trial for the charge of
burglary.
Ruth’s attorney advises Ruth that it is best if a jury hears the case. Ruth’s attorney also
advises that she does not testify at her trial because he is fearful that Ruth may
implicate herself in the crime. Which amendment specifies that Ruth does not have to
be a witness against herself at trial?
a. Fourth Amendment
b. Fifth Amendment
c. Sixth Amendment
d. Seventh Amendment
Case 8-2
Ruth was arrested for burglary. If Ruth is found guilty, she can be sentenced to 5 years
in a state prison. The prosecutors are offering her a 3-year prison sentence if she pleads
guilty to the charges. Ruth is being represented by a public defender who informs Ruth
she must decide if she will take the plea bargain or decide to go to trial for the charge of
burglary.
Ruth decides to take her chances and plead not guilty. She wants to go to trial. Ruth
believes that it will be better for a judge to decide questions of legality and fact. This
type of trial is known as a:
a. bench trial.
b. court trial.
c. judge trial.
d. jury trial.
Case 6-1
Detective Collins was conducting an investigation on an individual who was suspected
of being a drug dealer. Detective Collins and his team often used an informant who was
able to provide specific information that the suspect often sold drugs out of his home.
Previous information provided by this informant has proven to be reliable. Detective
Collins also conducted surveillance on the suspect’s home. Detective Collins saw many
people walking up to the window located on the south side of the suspect’s house. The
individuals would walk up to the window and knock three times. Moments later an
individual would open the window and hand something to the individual outside.
What source of probable cause would be what the informantprovided to Detective
Collins?
a. personal observation
b. information
c. evidence
d. association
In which type of patrol do officers make the rounds of a specific area with the purpose
of carrying out the various patrol functions?
a. directed
b. incident-driven
c. general
d. scattered indirect
The policing efforts in the first American cities were directed at:
a. crime control.
b. controlling certain groups of people (mostly slaves and Native Americans).
c. controlling politicians.
d. controlling vagrants.
About of adult felony cases brought to prosecutors by police are dismissed through a
nolle prosequi.
a. one-fourth
b. one-third
c. one-half
d. three-fourths
Aggressive investigation strategies include:
a. crackdowns.
b. undercover operations.
c. roadblocks.
d. increased patrol of hot spots.
Prosecutors may turn to plea bargaining to obtain a conviction in a questionable case.
a. True
b. False
The of the court is based on the medical model.
a. rehabilitative function
b. bureaucratic function
c. due process function
d. treatment function
Police have become smarter and more disciplined over the past two decades.
a. True
b. False
Most police departments require that their officers have a degree from a 2-year college.
a. True
b. False
In a criminal case, the burden of proof is:
a. beyond a reasonable doubt
b. preponderance of the evidence
c. beyond a shadow of doubt
d. by clear and convincing evidence
A(n) is a written order, based on probable cause and issued by a judge or magistrate,
commanding that police officers or criminal investigators search a specific person,
place, or property to obtain evidence.
a. affidavit
b. arrest warrant
c. search
d. search warrant
In larger jurisdictions, the same probation officers prepare the presentence investigative
report and supervise offenders.
a. True
b. False
What level of home monitoring requires offenders to be in their homes at specific
hours, usually at night?
a. curfew
b. home detention
c. home incarceration
d. home probation
Case 9-2
Ted was arrested and charged with the first degree murder of Susan. Ted and Susan
were coworkers at a local bar where Ted was the busboy and Susan was a waitress. The
prosecutors believed there was convincing evidence that Ted was obsessed with Susan
and when she rejected him, he raped and then strangled her. Prosecutors are seeking the
death penalty.
If the jury votes to convict Ted and sentence him to death, which would be the most
likely method of execution?
a. electric chair
b. gas chamber
c. hanging
d. lethal injection
The main argument against private prisons is:
a. there is too much red tape involved in their management.
b. the operators cut corners.
c. conditions are primitive and unsanitary.
d. they are too expensive.
Police officers are allowed to use a frisk as a “fishing expedition” to find items besides
weapons.
a. True
b. False
Every nonviolent offender is eligible for probation.
a. True
b. False
Generally speaking, which of the four sources of probable cause mentioned in the text
is not strong enough to stand alone?
a. information
b. evidence
c. association
d. personal observation
What type of electronic monitoring involves an offender being contacted periodically
by telephone or beeper to verify his or her whereabouts?
a. programmed contact
b. programmed dialers
c. receiver-contacts
d. receiver-dialers
Terrorists have developed more efficient organizations based on the small-business
model.
a.True
b.False
A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority and cannot be reduced
by judges or other corrections officials is called sentencing.
a. determinate
b. indeterminate
c. three strikes legislation
d. truth-in
The primary motivation for reducing prison populations is .
a. financial
b. overcrowding
c. changing sentencing policies
d. changing public opinion
Prescription drugs are the most widely abused drugs after marijuana.
a. True
b. False
More than of all prison and jail inmates in the United States have mental health
problems.
a. one third
b. half
c. two thirds
d. three quarters
Statutorily determined punishments that must be applied to those who are convicted of
specific crimes are
______________________.
A is a correctional facility reserved for the “worst of the worst” of America’s corrections
populations.
List four new developments in DNA technology.
is the act of taking property from another person through force, threat of force, or
intimidation.
A(n) is a witness who can truthfully and accurately testify on a fact in question without
having specialized knowledge or training.
An approach to punishment that is designed to repair the harm done to the victim is .
Parole often falls under the domain of the ______________.
Ordinarily, ignorance of the law, or , is not a valid criminal defense.
In 1984, Congress passed the , which paved the way for federal sentencing guidelines.
The three main institutions of the criminal justice system are , , and
_________________.
___________________ adopted the “Great Law” in Pennsylvania in 1682.
Discuss the benefits of a diverse police force.
Discuss when a police officer can make an arrest without a warrant.
The obligation to act in a certain manner is .
“Release from prison that occurs when an offender has served the full length of his or
her sentence, minus any
adjustments for good time.”This is called _______________.
Discuss the four categories of residential treatment programs for juveniles.
The Amendment states that no person ‘shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a
witness against himself.”
requires offenders to be in their homes at specific hours each day.
Discuss sentencing guidelines.
Compare and contrast municipal law enforcement agencies with sheriff’s and county
law enforcement.