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Juergensmeyer concludes that acts of religious terrorism serve as symbolic
empowerment in wars that are unwinnable.
The incest taboo is unique because it is a universal restriction.
According to De La Portilla more women than men seek healing from curandero/as.
The Japanese abortion healing ritual, mizuko kuyo, takes place in a relatively public
setting, while the American Charismatic Renewal movement's post-abortion prayer is
often private.
Although no direct, definitive comparison can be drawn between henna and the blood
of the bride's virginity, the red color and the smashing of the henna bowl to indicate loss
of virginity reflect an ambiguous, yet powerful status of female blood in Moroccan
society.
Some Mexicans claim that the Spanish conquest was unnecessary because Indians had
already been converted to Christianity long before.
Culture Stock occurs during a set period of time and once this stage of anthropological
research has been passed it is no longer an issue for researcher and their findings.
The theory of unilineal evolution is one of the most important anthropological tools in
any investigation of religious specialists.
Brazilian Spiritists believe that between the material world and the world of the spirits,
contact and communication are possible.
Rastafarians refuse to touch money or tobacco.
It doesn't matter to the anthropologist or the folklorist whether a myth is objectively or
scientifically true.
In Namibia, in Thomas's research, when an individual is accused of witchcraft and there
are serious ramifications of extreme illness or death there is a prescribed, long, difficult
process by which all charges and accusations will be absolved.
The Jewish community in Copenhagen is distinct and separate from mainstream Danish
culture. Jewish community members often do not work or socialize with many
non-Jewish people after conversion.
To attempt to understand the recent amulet obsession, Moro takes into account
historical cultural patterns and contemporary political and economic pressures.
Hmong children often acted as translators at MCMC when family members became ill.
The various lwa, or spirits, have essentially been fitted into Haitian Catholicism as a
replacement of the holy trinity.
Harris showed that animism isn't universal, as Tylor had proposed, because Buddhism
lacks beliefs in gods or souls.
Nyoro leaders utilize ancestral narratives to show how all three dynasties originate from
a common ancestor, and are thus made of a single ruling family.
The weather is said to be controlled by twins in every Native American culture.
Eller discusses what Talal Asad suggests is involved in Anthropology as a discipline
defining anthropology as:
A.Ethnography
B.Fieldwork and participant observation
C.Comparison of embedded concepts
D.All of the above
Hmong epileptics often become shamans because
A.they are seen as unfit to work as laborers.
B.they are believed to have the power to heal and cause harm.
C.seizures give the ability to see things others can not and help facilitate entry into
trance.
D.seizures symbolize death from the material world and rebirth into the spiritual world.
Experiences in the refugee camp in Thailand did not shake Foua and Nao Kao's faith in
traditional Hmong medicine but did
A.convince them that some additional Western medical help could complement
traditional practices.
B.convince them that Western medicine is almost always effective.
C.encourage them to learn basic Western medical practices to use in the home.
D.encourage them to take their children for yearly checkups with Western physicians:
What is the main evidence that supports the notion that the Wari practiced cannibalism?
A.Numerous observations and accounts from Anthropologists
B.Documented fossil evidence of instruments used in cannibalistic rituals
C.Unconfirmed rumor
D.Self-reported oral history from the Wari
Brown notes that shamanism in the Amazon has some "violent undercurrents" to it
A.that cancel out the superficial benefits gained from the practice.
B.even though shamans do beneficially serve their communities in numerous ways.
C.that go unnoticed by native and New Age practitioners alike.
D.but that they pale in comparison to the kind of violence that would predominate if the
quasi-judicial system of a belief in sorcery didn't exist.
In BOTH sacred and secular henna tattooing ceremonies, the body becomes
representative of all of the following EXCEPT:
A.The individual physical body
B.A purified vessel reflecting social and religious feminine ideals
C.The gendered and social body within society
D.A canvas not only design and adornment, but simultaneous cohesion and questioning
of social norms
All following are principles proposed by Spradley to maintain objectivity in recording
of participant observations EXCEPT.
A."The exclusion syntax principle"
B."The language identification principle"
C."The concrete principle"
D."The verbatim principle"
In Narayan's retelling, a boon is synonymous with:
A.Marriage
B.Son
C.Blessing
D.Acknowledgement
All of the following are activities that can occur in patients after brain death has been
diagnosed EXCEPT:
A.Body warmth and metabolic function
B.Sudden return to a fully functioning state
C.Physiologic responses like yawning or crying
D.Endocrine activities
Santer'a is understood as an initiatory religion because
A.initiation rituals take place on a weekly basis.
B.to become a member one must participate in the initiation rituals of every family
member.
C.members are initiated every day through individual prayer.
D.the changes and elevation of a member's position in the religion are marked by
initiation rituals.
The "liminal" period explored by Victor Turner is
A.the interstructural situation experienced by neophytes in a rite of passage.
B.the final episode in a rite of passage, where the neophyte achieves a new social status.
C.a condition of highly elevated awareness and understanding.
D.a condition of infancy, where the neophyte is in her/his first stage of existence.
Which of the following does Harris consider to be a true religious concept?
A.mana
B.luck
C.superstition
D.animism
According to Lewis, what are the two trance inducing processes found in all
civilizations and cultures?
A.sensory deprivation and overload.
B.performance of music and dance.
C.psychotropic drugs and music.
D.repetition and seclusion.
Juergensmeyer asserts that the recent rise in religious nationalism is, in large part, a
response to certain political and social crises and
A.the sway of charismatic authority figures.
B.a misunderstanding of Western diplomacy.
C.reworked interpretations of the Qur'an.
D.rejection of the modernist ideology of the post-Enlightenment West.
In Erzen's article about faith-based imprisonment and rehabilitation, all of the following
are goals of the Lawtey institution EXCEPT.
A.Transformation of character
B.Impose Christian beliefs on all members of the community
C.Value-based decision making
D.Instilling a sense of personal integrity.
Islam condemns the accumulation of wealth based on
A.trade and commerce in the free market.
B.private international business agreements.
C.interest earned by loaning money.
D.small and medium sized business negotiations.
While a symbol is minimally something that represents something else, symbols are a
very important area of study because
A.the very development of culture is dependent upon the symbolic meaning ascribed to
words, otherwise known as language.
B.they deal with thoughts and values that are taboo in everyday life.
C.they provide people with a way of expressing the abstract.
Geertz would argue that Anthropology does all the following to/for philosophical
investigation EXCEPT:
A.Replace it
B.Intellectually exhaust it
C.Make it relevant
D.Provide an empirical basis for it
While the urban practice of voodoo centers around temples and the formation of
extensive surrogate family units, rural voodoo practices
A.revolve around the village church that is usually located in the central plaza,
emphasizing community cohesiveness.
B.are highly personal and private affairs, with worship taking place in the home with
the immediate family.
C.are intimately connected to land tenure, ancestral inheritance, and the family unit.
D.are generally more institutionalized and elaborate, and happen less often because of
the long distances people must travel in order to come together.
Gilmore draws upon Victor Truner's components of "rites of passage" to analyze the
Burning Man Festival. These components are:
A.(1) Ritualized journey to a (2) specific culturally imbued geographic location
intended to (3) connect individuals to a collective experience of (4) something beyond
their ordinary existence, something perhaps sacred, transcendent, healing, or
transformative, however, the individuals and communities involved choose to conceive
those ideas and that (5) can emerge in either religious or secular contexts.
B.(1) Ritualized journey to a (2) specific culturally imbued geographic or nonexistent
metaphoric location intended to (3) connect individuals to a collective experience of (4)
something beyond their ordinary existence, something perhaps sacred, transcendent,
healing, or transformative, however, the individuals and communities involved choose
to conceive those ideas and that (5) can emerge in only religious contexts.
C.(1) Journey to a (2) specific culturally imbued geographic location intended to (3)
connect individuals to a collective experience.
D.(1) Ritualized journey to a (2) specific culturally imbued geographic location
intended to (3) connect individuals to a collective experience (4) that is multi-phasic.
According to the editors, we can only assert (uncontroversially at least) that rituals
serve which of the following functions?
A.Rituals restore and maintain equilibrium in society.
B.Rituals allay cultural anxieties and fears.
C.Rituals simultaneously construct social arrangements and values, and teach
community members about them.
Haitian voodoo rituals
A.are fairly institutionalized, according to Catholic tradition.
B.fall into three major categories.
C.are held in temples, or ounfs, that dot the countryside all over the island.
D.vary widely, especially from the rural to the urban setting.
Metcalf asserts that the anthropological focus on the "exotic"
A.is precariously close to the sensational, and is therefore a threat to the respectability
of the discipline.
B.is still an important part of anthropology, and for good reason.
C.is merely a popular image of the discipline, having little to do with the actual
practice.
D.assumes an evolutionary hierarchy of civilization.
In his comparative study of religious terrorism, Juergensmeyer found that in all of the
cases he examined, the concept of cosmic war
A.is considered morally justified, with worldly struggles transformed into sacred
battles.
B.represents a strong shift in beliefs in support of antimodernist ideologies.
C.has been justified by the state at some point in history.
D.remains virtually unchanged from beliefs recorded hundreds of years ago.
Greenfield describes Rossi's theory that accessing state-dependent memory may be the
common denominator between
A.trance and shamanism.
B.Western medicine and approaches to healing that depend on highly specialized
cultural belief systems.
C.holistic, shamanistic and spiritist approaches to healing.
D.all trance-based religions worldwide.
Lee points out that the concept of harmony between man and the universe
A.is present in nearly all primitive religions.
B.is actually a Biblical concept.
C.is vitally important to understand if you are to understand Navajo religion, rhythms,
stories, art, and life.
D.has its closest Western counterpart in the concept of balance and/or justice.
Harris refers to Tylor's concept of animism in order to
A.disprove it.
B.demonstrate that it needs to be broadened in order to include a belief in mana and/or
superstitions.
C.distinguish religious belief from other forms of causal beliefs.
D.demonstrate the difference between true religious concepts and the
concept/phenomenon that Tylor studied.
Among the J'varo Indians, both bewitching and curing shamans use a hallucinogenic
drink the J'varo refer to as
A.ayahuasca.
B.yag or yaj.
C.natema.
D.Banisteriopsis.
The Wajang Shadow puppet plays are mostly depictions from what major religion?
A.Buddhism
B.Islam
C.Paganism
D.Hinduism
All of the following ideological aspects of pilgrimage are discussed by Gilmore with
regard to the Burning Man Festival EXCEPT:
A.participation and community
B.individual self-realization and self-reliance
C.principle of "leave no trace" and minimal impact on the surrounding environment
D.projection of experiences into tangible commoditized items
