Because 5- to 7-year-olds’ gross-motor skills are not fully developed, which of the
following sports would be most appropriate?
A)softball
B)basketball
C)football
D)kickball
When mothers support their 5-year-olds’ emotional development by responding sensitively
and helpfully when the child is distressed, children demonstrate __________ at age 7.
A)greater emotion-centered coping
B)increased levels of physical affection
C)decreased emotional self-efficacy
D)more effective emotional self-regulation
Between ages 2 and 3, English-speaking children use simple sentences that follow a(n)
__________ word order.
A)verb-subject-object
B)subject-verb-object
C)object-verb-subject
D)verb-object-subject
Which of the following statements about depression is true?
A)Late-maturing girls and early-maturing boys are especially prone to depression.
B)There are no gender differences in the frequency of depressive symptoms.
C)Teenage girls are twice as likely as boys to report persistent depressed mood.
D)Teenage boys are three times as likely as girls to report persistent depressed mood.
Compared to teenagers of previous generations, today’s teenagers
A)get much less sleep.
B)are better able to cope with sleep loss.
C)go to bed earlier on school nights.
D)are better educated about the importance of sleep.
Which of the following statements about breastfeeding is true?
A)Human milk is lower in fat and higher in protein than the milk of other mammals.
B)A mother who breastfeeds needs to add solid foods to her infant€s diet around 4 months.
C)Breastfed babies suffer from more gastrointestinal problems than do bottle-fed infants.
D)Breastfed infants accept new solid foods more easily than do bottle-fed infants.
According to the Gibsons, perception is guided by the discovery of
A)intermodalities.
B)amodalities.
C)dynamic relationships.
D)affordances.
Four-year-old Christopher has authoritarian parents who sometimes physically abuse him.
When his friend Joaquin has a bad day and cries, Christopher is most likely to react with
A)sympathetic concern.
B)anxiety and distress.
C)fear and anger.
D)strong feelings of empathy.
In families with several children,
A)parents tend to look for similarities between siblings.
B)parents often regard siblings as less distinct than other observers do.
C)both identical and fraternal twins tend to become increasingly similar in personality with
age.
D)parents’ tendency to emphasize each child€s unique qualities affects their parenting
practices.
Which of the following statements about children’s understanding of health is true?
A)Much health information given to children is reinforced by other sources, such as
television advertising.
B)Children are able to link engaging in preventive behaviors with later health
consequences.
C)Health is seldom an important goal for most school-age children, who feel good most of
the time.
D)Most school-age children are unable to comprehend a wide range of health information.
Vacuum extractors
A)are used in nearly 30 percent of U.S. births.
B)are more likely than forceps to tear the mother’s tissues.
C)have been rapidly replaced by forceps in most U.S. births.
D)doubles the risk of bleeding beneath the baby’s skin.
A high school science teacher, Mr. Reidy, wants to increase his students’ skill at
coordinating theory with evidence. He wonders whether he should provide them with
traditional scientific tasks or allow them to engage in informal reasoning. What should you
tell him?
A)Scientific reasoning is influenced by years of schooling, which can involve either of the
two methods.
B)Neither of the methods has been proven effective for increasing scientific reasoning.
C)Traditional scientific tasks are the only types of problems that improve scientific
reasoning.
D)Informal reasoning tasks are the only types of problems that improve scientific
reasoning.
Which of the following behaviors is consistent with Vygotsky’s theory?
A)When his mother takes him to the grocery store, Tom is well-behaved because he knows
that his mother will reward him with candy.
B)When playing on the beach, Kehaulani builds the same sort of sand castle that she
observed her younger sister building a few days ago.
C)Yesica, a Brazilian child candy seller with no schooling, develops sophisticated
mathematical abilities as a result of her work.
D)When trying to solve a math equation, Otto tries several formulas before he stumbles on
the correct one and solves the equation.
Which identity status is associated with a dogmatic, inflexible cognitive style?
A)diffusion
B)foreclosure
C)achievement
D)moratorium
Cheryl and Saul are getting a divorce. They are meeting together with a trained
professional in order to reduce family conflict, including legal battles over property
division and child custody. Cheryl and Saul are participating in
A)marriage counseling.
B)joint custody.
C)divorce mediation.
D)family arbitration.