What term is used to describe the use of computer software to identify geographic “hot
spots” where a majority of predatory crimes are concentrated?
a. Crime mapping
b. Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)
c. Data mining
d. Systems analysis
What is the term used to describe those police officers that accept payoffs when their
everyday duties place them in a position to be solicited by the public?
a. Grass eaters
b. Meat eaters
c. Passive criminality
d. Selective enforcement or nonenforcement
What stage in the juvenile justice process is designed to help youths make the transition
from residential or institutional settings back into the community?
a. Intake
b. Detention
c. Disposition
d. Aftercare
Some scholars contend that bail is problematic because it:
a. is a weak incentive to show up to court.
b. creates fear and coercion in the defendant.
c. is discriminatory to the poor.
d. is not guaranteed under the law.
A seasoned officer and his new partner are assigned to a crime, drug, and poverty
stricken neighborhood. The officer who has been on the force for a while has seen these
issues before; he knows that he has to be tough and strong and set the record straight
about who the police are, and why they are in force in that neighborhood. His partner
grew up in a neighborhood like this one and is well aware of how individuals in this
neighborhood view the police.
Police officers in communities that provide training in domestic violence prevention are
more likely to take action in cases involving spousal abuse. This is an example of what
type of factor?
a. Environmental factors
b. Departmental factors
c. Peer factors
d. Legal factors
The decision to waive a juvenile to adult criminal court is mostly based on the
prosecutor’s and the state’s desire for deterrence and punishment.
a. True
b. False
Which best describes a recent reform of juvenile sentencing?
a. Some jurisdictions have passed mandatory or determinate incarceration sentences for
juveniles convicted of serious felonies.
b. Making a concerted effort to remove status offenders from the juvenile justice system
and restricting their entry into institutional programs.
c. Effort has been made to standardize dispositions in juvenile court.
d. All of these represent recent reforms related to juvenile sentencing.
Which of the following is a method of improving patrol?
a. Aggressive patrol
b. Targeting specific crimes
c. Making more arrests
d. All of these
The greatest factor in controlling the use of unwarranted police brutality is/are?
a. labeling officers “Meat Eaters.”
b. threat of civil judgments against police chiefs that condone violent behavior.
c. suicide by cop.
d. threat of civil judgment against individual officers.
An excluded offense waiver is where state laws exclude from juvenile court jurisdiction
certain offenses that are either very minor or very serious.
a. True
b. False
About ____ percent of misdemeanors are settled without a trial.
a. 30
b.50
c. 70
d. 90
Probation sentences involve:
a. a contract between the prison and the offender wherein the offender is released early.
b. rules or conditions mandated by the prison.
c. a deserving suspect.
d. a deserving defendant.
For serious violent crimes, the males account for ___ percent of all arrests.
a.20
b.40
c.60
d.80
Which of the following is not an initiative currently in place or suggested to improve
probation?
a. Electronically monitored probation
b. Hotspot probation
c. Making probationers pay
d. Making probation private
Gregory was born in 1573, toward the end of the sixteenth century, to a poor family.
They stole money and food to survive. As one of the criminal poor, if he was ever
caught he would not be subjected to the same punishments as the rich. Throughout the
generations, Gregory’s kin (children and grandchildren) continue the tradition of
stealing.
In the 1800s what type of punishment represented liberal reform?
a. Wergild
b. Indentured servants
c. Penitentiaries
d. Hard labor work camps
Jill has two children and stays at home with them. She got into trouble when she hurt
her back and got addicted to the pain pills her doctor prescribed. When she couldn”t get
any more pills, she went searching the streets for something else to take the pain away.
She would leave her kids with her mom and disappear for days while getting addicted
to heroin. Jill just got through the classification process at the women’s correctional
facility and has found out that she is pregnant with twins.
Jill, her new cellmate, and the other women in the prison get regular medical checkups
and in Jill’s case, she gets additional appointments with the doctors because she is
pregnant. They see a counselor and the administration is attempting to address the
counseling and programming needs of all inmates. What is the main reason that there is
such an effort to do this for people who committed crimes?
a. As a population, they are the most in need of these services.
b. Inmates are protected from cruel and unusual punishment.
c. Inmates have a right to adequate medical care.
d. Seeing doctors is included in their Fourth Amendment rights.
What is the most common formal sentence for juveniles?
a. Release to parental custody
b. Short-term confinement in a private juvenile facility
c. Long-term confinement in a state institution
d. Brief custody at the local jail
In what type of cyber crime are small amounts of money subtracted from customers’
bank accounts and added to the account of the thief?
a. Phishing
b. Chiseling
c. Salami slice fraud
d. Trojan horse
Since the early 1920s and continuing to present day, strides have been made to keep
policing professional and educated, and several efforts have been made to increase the
caliber of police officers. The public has always been critical of these changes because
they often come as a response to an incident.
Sylvester joined the police force right out of high school and has just received his
college degree and some advanced training from the police. This will help him do his
job better and is thankful to the:
a. IACP
b. LEAA
c. Master of Public Administration (MPA)
d. Bachelor of Scientific Research (BSR)
In a study entitled Delinquency in a Birth Cohort, researchers found that chronic
offenders:
a.are more likely to continue criminality if they are female.
b.become adult repeat offenders
c.are deterred from further criminality if arrested during youth chronic offending.
d.commit the most violent acts of all criminals.
Most police agencies are administratively conservative due to the time-in-rank system.
a. True
b. False
Becky is a 17 years old and has always been trouble. She disobeys her parents, skips
school, and seems to have some anger toward authority figures. She also has some
developmental delays that she was born with and although she is 17, she acts as if she is
12. She is standing in front of Judge Brown for the first time and is being charged with
shoplifting. The judge has a lot of options for punishment because Becky lives in a state
where 17 is the legal age to be considered an adult.
The judge would like Becky to learn discipline and to understand the seriousness of her
actions. Of the many punishments, what will most likely accomplish the judge’s goal?
a. Halfway house
b. Boot camp
c. New-generation jail
d. Minimum-security prison
Which is not one of the five primary purposes for jails?
a. Detain accused offenders awaiting trial
b. Hold probationers and parolees who are awaiting a revocation hearing
c. House convicted felons when state prisons are overcrowded
d. Hold mental patients when asylums are overcrowded
For every 1000 serious crimes, about ____ percent are reported to the police.
a. 15
b.35
c. 50
d.75
A police officer in plainclothes is eating lunch in a restaurant on his day off. He is not
noticed by two patrol officers sitting at the counter having coffee. The uniformed patrol
officers get up and leave without paying or even leaving a tip. The owner of the coffee
shop is overheard just before the officers leave without paying, saying that he is grateful
the police presence remains strong in this rough part of town.
When the plainclothes officer left the diner that day, he made sure the waitress knew
that his tip included the coffee and tip for the other officers. According to the core
beliefs of the police culture, what is the most logical reason that he did this?
a. Patrol work is the pits.
b. Members of the public are unreasonable.
c. Loyalty above everything.
d. Police deserve a break.
The belief that government police are not capable of providing the level of service and
presence that the public desires is one reason for the popularity of private police.
a. True
b. False
Some pregnant women are allowed to keep their babies in prison with them.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following reasons may cause a case to be dismissed?
a. Inefficient evidence
b. Interests of justice
c. Due process problems
d. All the above
The municipal police department in a large city in Nebraska is hiring. They want new
and fresh recruits that can assist them in technological advances, information sharing,
and targeting the war on terror. Bryan has just been recruited.
Bryan has been considering a career move to some form of surveillance or policing that
focuses on loss instead of crime. Where would Bryan most likely be successful?
a. Office of Homeland Security
b. Private policing
c. USMS
d. FBI
Releasees who maintain criminal peer associations are more likely to fail on parole.
a. True
b. False
Once a prosecutor decides to pursue a case, the charges cannot later be dropped.
a. True
b. False
For many years, preventive patrol has been considered one of the greatest deterrents to
criminal behavior. Discuss what the research from the Kansas City study reveals about
the relationship between prevention patrol and crime deterrence.
Through the use of examples, discuss the enforcement of environmental laws.
A crime control policy suggesting that punishment should be severe enough to convince
convicted offenders never to repeat their criminal actions is _________.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the time-in-rank system.
Summarize the arguments for and against retaining the juvenile court. Discuss the
potential ramifications of the demise of the juvenile court.
Discuss the findings of researchers regarding the death penalty as a deterrent.
Define forensic science and discuss what forensic experts can contribute to police
agencies and investigations.
With ________ bail, the defendant is released after promising to obey some specified
rules in lieu of cash, such as attending a treatment program.
Criticisms of UCR data include ______________ of the victims and law enforcement.
In the federal system prosecutors are known as ___________________ and are
appointed by the president.
Describe the several ways in which IPS is used and its effectiveness.
Using mathematical models, __________ can identify up to 250 characters (minutiae)
of a fingerprint.
Discuss the scope of the current criminal justice system.
Describe the social, economic, personal, and demographic factors suggested by experts
to account for the recent crime drop in the United States.
____________________ are groups of police officers who enforce morality-based laws
such as prostitution.
Discuss the major problems of community policing strategies.
Delineate the legal elements required to constitute a crime. Describe and give an
example of each of the classifications of crime.
The Supreme Court has limited the death penalty to first degree murder, and then only
when _____________________ are present.
Three-strikes laws are an example of a(n) ____________________ sentence.