Aftercare operates in a way similar to:
a. adult parole.
b. adult probation.
c. the House of Refuge.
d. a minimum security prison.
Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and ________in the community.
a. employment
b. educational attainment
c. supervision
d. family connectivity
The performance-based movement calls for a reshaping of the philosophy of probation
with a new emphasis on:
a. power.
b. authority.
c. individual rights.
d. public safety.
For most significant crimes, the state or federal government has legal jurisdiction within
politically determined boundaries.
a. True
b. False
There are now more than 100,000 female offenders incarcerated in our nation’s prison
system.
a. True
b. False
Most correctional clients in the United States are under federal correctional authority.
a. True
b. False
________has been described as a “transient state between liberty and recommitment.”
a. Incarceration
b. Parole
c. Probation
d. Reentry
Constitutions are written in more specific terms than statutes.
a. True
b. False
According to the retributive justice model of punishment, those who commit a
particular crime should be punished:
a. subjectively.
b. alike.
c. differently.
d. mercifully.
Given current public attitudes toward crime and punishment, it is likely that
incarceration rates will remain high.
a. True
b. False
A person who has been convicted of three or more offenses is now considered to be a
situational offender.
a. True
b. False
Most correctional employees receive equal pay raises regardless of performance.
a. True
b. False
One basic argument for intermediate sanctions is that ______________, as traditionally
practiced, is inadequate for a large number of criminal offenders.
a. work-release
b. imprisonment
c. probation
d. house arrest
Legislatures typically estimate that new prison construction costs roughly __________
per cell.
a. $10,000
b. $50,000
c. $30,000
d. $75,000
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Individuals are asked to report on their own criminal behavior
b. Inequality of treatment
c. A difference explained by legitimate factors
d. Complex concept with changing definitions
e. Cultural characteristics
f. White fear of blacks will be greatest in areas where the proportion of blacks
approaches that of whites
g. Punished 100 times more severely than powdered
h.ommitted a crime in their lifetime
Crack cocaine
An inmate’s eligibility for release into community supervision depends on requirements
set by the law and:
a. sentence status.
b. rehabilitation status.
c. offense.
d. victim status.
There are two goals for corrections staff: attracting the right people to work in
corrections and motivating them to remain once employed.
a. True
b. False
The period known as “the Enlightenment” brought about new ideas based on
rationalization, the importance of individuals, and the limitations of government.
a. True
b. False
Evidence-based practice has come to stand for a strategy of correctional development.
a. True
b. False
a.Staff has direct contact with offenders
b. Prosecutor makes a deal with defendant to steer clear of incapacitation
c. Protection to the community by incarcerating an offender
d. Supervision under home confinement
e. Holding tanks for up to 48 hours
f. Person who provides bail money for a fee
g. Rehabilitative jail experience
h. Pretrial and probation violators report daily
i. Funded per prisoner per day
j. Feespecified by a judge as a condition for pretrial release
Bail
The role of programs in prison is static regardless of the prison population and outside
influences.
a. True
b. False
Traditional justice attempts to develop standardized approaches to crime problems that
are applied uniformly across the entire legal jurisdiction.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Objective standard for defense counsel
b. Circumstances that increase seriousness of crime
c. Deserves a punishment equal to the victim’s fate
d. The three-drug protocol is constitutional
e. Developed in the late 1970s
f. Separate hearings for guilt and sentencing
g. Execution of the insane
h. Circumstances that invite mercy
i. Reinstituted death penalty
j.Death penalty unconstitutional
Gregg v. Georgia
It would be safe to say that classification decisions are not, on the whole, subject to
sociopolitical pressures.
a. True
b. False
The philosophy of the U.S. corrections system has remained static over the years.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Noninterference policy
b. Rules created by judges
c. Legal rules regarding agency policies
d. Rules other judges follow with similar cases
e. Laws created by legislatures
f. Lists individual rights
g. Intervention towards an agreed resolution
h. Responsible for compensation of a plaintiff
i. Judicial order
j.Investigates public officials
Regulations
A classification system that has a significant amount of overlap is able give correctional
administrators guidance about appropriate treatment for offenders.
a. True
b. False
The most important issue concerning the use of intermediate sanctions has to do with
sentencing philosophy and:
a. funding.
b. creation.
c. design.
d. practice.
Female inmates tend to segregate themselves by race.
a. True
b. False
As many as ____________ percent of child molesters were themselves molested as
children.
a. 10
b. 90
c. 25
d. 50
Most correctional offenders today are housed in which types of facilities?
a. federal prisons
b. state prisons
c. private prisons
d. county jails
Experience has shown that successful lawsuits filed under Section 1983 have had a
major impact for the grieving prisoner.
a. True
b. False
At the core of community justice is the idea that crime does not happen in a vacuum,
but is created by a plethora of community issues. Based on this idea, how would you
address or respond to the following crime problems in your community: vandalism,
drunk driving, and domestic violence? What programs could you implement within
your local community to have an effect on those who are consistently incarcerated
within the correctional system?
Answer:will vary.
In the case of _________________, the Supreme Court ruled that defendants had the
right to counsel that meets an “objective standard of reasonableness.”
The _________Poor Laws established the basis for officials to take charge of vagrant
and delinquent children.
Inmates unable to develop a role orientation are referred to as__________ , meaning
they cannot adjust to prison life.
The 1980s in corrections centered on crime control through__________ and risk
containment.
Discuss one intermediate sanction as imposed by each of the following: the judiciary,
probation departments, and correctional departments. How are these sanctions different
and how effective are they as formal punishments for individual offenders? In your
opinion, does each of your three selections warrant continued use in our correctional
system? Be sure to fully explain your answer.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Borrowed from the field of medicine, the ______________ creates an experiment in
which some people are given the treatment and an identical group is not, so whatever
difference in how the two groups turn out is assumed to be the result of the treatment or
non-treatment.
List and explain the four substantial forces that are now shaping the U.S. corrections
system. Of the four, which do you feel may have the most impact? In contrast, which do
you feel will have the least impact? Be sure to explain your responses for both
questions.
Answer:will vary.
Incarcerated women account for approximately _________percent of the federal and
state prison population.
Officers are permitted to use ________________ to protect themselves from imminent
harm or violence.
The ____________________ is often the most despised offender in court and in prison.
____________ refers to the process by which prisoners are assigned custody and
treatment.
List and explain the four goals of corrections, including the intended purpose of each.
Provide your opinion on the overall effectiveness of each purpose; in doing so, be sure
to discuss which you are in favor of in regard to the potential reduction in recidivism
rates of offenders.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Three-quarters of all jails are operated by an elected official known as a_________ .
List and explain three ways in which the criminal justice system operates to allow for
an overrepresentation of African Americans and Latinos/as in the prisons. Be sure and
give one example involving the police, one involving the courts, and one involving
corrections. In your opinion, what can be done to change this issue facing corrections?
Answer:will vary.
___________________ systems help focus the supervision effort of probation officers
on client problems, which are indentified using a standardized assessment of
probationer risks and needs.
___________________ sanctions are penalties that are more severe than probation but
less severe than incarceration.
The public today calls for ______________ measures to curb the juvenile crime
problem
Most correctional officials recognize that focusing on prisons is a ___________ rather
than a ____________ approach.
________________is when the government enters into an agreement with the prisoner
whereby the prisoner promises to abide by conditions in exchange for release.