Michael is trying to remember an address. He repeats it in his mind until he gets to his
car and enters it into his navigation system. Michael is using his
a. sensory memory.
b. working memory.
c. secondary memory.
d. remote memory.
By 2030, the ratio of workers to retirees will likely be
a. similar to the current level3:1.
b. decrease to 2:1.
c. increase to 4:1.
d. unimportant because Social Security will not exist.
Managing the final stages of life, dealing with the memorial services and the disposition
of the body, and distributing assets are collectively known as
a. final scenarios.
b. death anxiety.
c. end-of-life issues.
d. the dying process.
Aspects of our personality pertaining to what we could become, what we would like to
become, and what we are afraid of becoming are called
a. life story.
b. possible selves.
c. ego.
d. trait clusters.
The most obvious sign of clinical depression is
a. dyspnea.
b. dysphoria.
c. apathy.
d. lack of expression.
The reason that most research on aging is not truly experimental is because
a. age cannot be measured accurately in most people.
b. most statistical techniques are not able to use age as a variable.
c. age cannot be manipulated, so it cannot be an independent variable.
d. it is hard to get large enough samples to represent different age groups.
Dementia occurs in________ of the elderly over age 65.
a. less than 10%.
b. about 15-20%.
c. 50-60%.
d. more than 85%.
Answering a multiple choice question on an exam like this one is an example of
a. recall memory.
b. recognition memory.
c. cued recall memory.
d. semantic memory.
Inpatient hospital services, home health services, and hospice care are covered under
Medicare
a. Part A.
b. Part B.
c. Part C.
d. Part D.
When a woman believes she cannot leave an abusive situation, and may even go so far
as to kill her abuser, she is said to suffer from
a. assortative woman syndrome.
b. battered woman syndrome.
c. crime of passion syndrome.
d. battered relationship syndrome.
Neuroscientific methods have shown that brain activity involved in_______occurs in
areas of the brain that are among the first affected by Alzheimer’s disease.
a. recognizing faces
b. remembering items on a list
c. emotion regulation
d. executive functioning activities such as planning
The term ‘successful aging”
a. means living until the age 90 or longer.
b. means living to the end of one’s life with no disabilities or other chronic conditions.
c. can be objectively measured as it means the same thing to all people.
d. has no consensus regarding its definition or how it might be measured.
Which of the following is false regarding culture and midlife crisis?
a. The midlife crisis is a cultural invention.
b. The concept of midlife itself is limited to adults studied in the United States.
c. In other cultures, transitions and crises are related to role relations such as marriage
and relocation into the spouse’s family.
d. In other countries, women experience midlife crises at higher rates than men.
You are at a cocktail party when you see a friend from college, but you can”t seem to
recall her name. You know it
begins with an S. This is an example of
a. recapitulation.
b. familiar information being remembered more poorly.
c. a tip-of-the-tongue experience.
d. compensatory failure.
Implicit social beliefs are affected by the ways in which different cohorts or generations
are socialized. For example, one study found that the belief that “marriage is more
important than career” tended to______ in importance with age.
a. increase
b. decrease
c. show an inverted U-shape
d. remain stable
Katharine has forgotten a few appointments. However, she doesn”t think it’s her fault,
and she blames her assistant for forgetting to remind her. According to Brandtstdter,
Katharine is engaging in
a. immunizing mechanisms.
b. secondary control.
c. assimilative activities.
d. accommodations
In defining psychopathology in older adults, it is important to not only take into account
the person’s age and personal characteristics, but also the
a. testing situation.
b. intrapersonal factors.
c. context.
d. life-cycle factors.
For adult development and aging research, the most important elements of the limbic
system are the
a. prefrontal and frontal cortex.
b. corpus callosum and cerebellum.
c. corpus callosum and frontal cortex.
d. amygdala and hippocampus.
A TOT (tip-of-the-tongue) experience is
a. a simple momentary retrieval failure for information that is otherwise accessible.
b. a sign of decline in episodic memory.
c. more common in younger than in older adults.
d. evidence of a failing long-term memory.
STAC stands for
a. Social Tact and Cognition
b. Specialized Telemeres and Cognitive Functioning
c. Scaffolding Theory of Cognitive Aging
d. Social-Congitive Theory of Adult Competence
The areas of the brain related to sensory functions, such as the visual cortex, show
relatively little
a. shrinkage.
b. improvement across the life span.
c. white matter.
d. intensity.
According to Hooker (2002), the three processes that act in tandem with the three
structural components of McAdams personality levels are
a. state processes, self-regulatory processes, and cognitive processes.
b. self-concept processes, personal concerns, and cognitive processes.
c. state processes, self-concept processes, and personal concerns.
d. personal concerns, dispositional traits, and life narrative
Treatment for substance abuse in all age groups focuses on
a. stabilization and reduction in consumption.
b. treatment of coexisting problems.
c. appropriate social interventions.
d. all of the these.
The theory of_______states that people find mates based upon their similarity to each
other.
a. differential mating
b. homogamy effect
c. nonrandom mating
d. assortive mating
Individuals usually retire when they
a. feel they’ve met all their professional goals.
b. have a spouse at home that requires care.
c. feel they are financially secure.
d. become grandparents.
Which of the following is not a stage of dying according to KblerRoss?
a. denial
b. bargaining
c. depression
d. agitation
Before you are told the details about a car accident your friend was in, you are told that
the other person involved in the accident was an older man who is hard of hearing.
Whether this information will influence your interpretation of the events is related to
your
a. social context effect.
b. implicit priming.
c. implicit theories.
d. impression formation.
Older adults are more likely to pay attention to and seek out emotional information than
younger adults. This might help explain why older adults have a______ bias.
a. positivity
b. negativity
c. first impression
d. age
The effects of age on cognition and intelligence are related, at least in part, to vascular
disease that selectively affects the
a. visual cortex.
b. level of the neurotransmitter serotonin.
c. density of brain white matter.
d. prefrontal brain.
Characteristics that make us individuals, such as one’s personality, are the result of
a. life-cycle forces.
b. psychological forces.
c. biological forces.
d. histological forces.
All of the following are psychophysiological measures except
a. electroencephalograms.
b. heart rate.
c. respiration rate.
d. skin temperature.
John has added five minutes to his goal running time after he began noticing it is taking
him longer to finish his morning run. According to Brandtstdter, John is said to be
engaging in
a. primary control.
b. secondary control.
c. assimilative activities.
d. accommodative activities.
How do occupational expectations develop?
Outline Verbrugge and Jett’s model of disability.
What options are available to help older adults who are experiencing hearing loss?
________theorists are interested in individual differences and plasticity in intelligence.
Describe the variations in how death is perceived cross-culturally. Give examples.
A_________ is a state in which a person’s brainstem is the only part of the brain that is
functioning, a state from which the person does not recover.
Discuss home modifications as a way for an older person to age in place.
What have you learned in this chapter about the ways in which brain deterioration can
be slowed or even reversed?
Can exercise actually improve one’s cognitive skills? Cite examples from research to
support.
Describe the four main factors in Baltes’ lifespan perspective.
_________refers to the culturally influenced ways in which we express grief.
One way to distinguish normal from abnormal memory changes is to ask whether the
changes disrupt a person’s ability to _________________.
Holland’s_______ theory proposes that people choose occupations to optimize the fit
between their individual traits and occupational interests.
What is tertiary prevention? Define and give examples.
Describe the various types of attributions people use to make inferences about the
behaviors of others. Do attributions vary by age?
Are adult learners different from their younger counterparts? If so, in what ways?
Older adults are more likely to change their initial impressions
when_______information follows initially information.
Your___________consists of your parents, children, grandparents, and other relatives
who all live together.
A universal assumption of theories is that people go through predictable age-related
crises.