Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Punishment to a body inflicting pain
b. Law of civil society
c. Forced rowing
d. Detention facility
e. Pleasure over pain
f. The right to be tried in ecclesiastical court
g. Retaliation
h. Age of Reason
i. A form of banishment
j. Free will and severe punishment
House of corrections
The __________was born out of concern for the sinfulness of sloth.
a. wergild
b. workhouse
c. penitentiary
d. bridewell
Match each item to the phrase or sentence below.
a. Designed for young offenders
b. Earned through behavior, education, and labor
c. Treatment is required for offenders
d. Done by inmate labor
e. Contractors exchange food and clothing for convict labor
f. Reintegration is the goal
g. Developed in Auburn, NY
h. Incarceration and supervision control behavior
i. Isolates prisoners from society
j.Sociological, biological, and psychological causes of crime
Medical model
The prison is recognized as a functioning community with its own values, roles,
language, and customs. This is also known as prison:
a. cliques.
b. gangs.
c. culture.
d. subculture.
In the United States, a recent poll indicated that __________ percent of the population
favors capital punishment.
a. 10
b. 60
c. 25
d. 90
Over the last 25 years the correctional officer role has changed greatly.
a. True
b. False
Except for a small handful of inmates who actually die in prison, a large percentage of
those incarcerated will one day be released back into the community.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Objective standard for defense counsel
b. Circumstances that increase seriousness of crime
c. Deserves a punishment equal to the victim’s fate
d. The three-drug protocol is constitutional
e. Developed in the late 1970s
f. Separate hearings for guilt and sentencing
g. Execution of the insane
h. Circumstances that invite mercy
i. Reinstituted death penalty
j.Death penalty unconstitutional
Bifurcated
In which case was it ruled that offenders cannot receive the death sentence if they were
under 18 at the time of the crime?
a. Ring v. Arizona
b. Georgia v. Furman
c. McCleskey v. Kemp
d. Roper v. Simmons
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Willingness to intervene on behalf of the common good
b. Concentration of social problems
c. Neighborhoods where arrests and going to prison are common
d. Gives back to the community through justice
e. Based in a state or local jurisdiction
f. Offenders must admit what they have done
g. Focuses on resolving the problem behind a crime
h. Focuses on guilt and fair punishment
i.Analysis of why and where crimes tend to concentrate
j.Improve and strengthen communities
Problem-solving approach
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Individuals are asked to report on their own criminal behavior
b. Inequality of treatment
c. A difference explained by legitimate factors
d. Complex concept with changing definitions
e. Cultural characteristics
f. White fear of blacks will be greatest in areas where the proportion of blacks
approaches that of whites
g. Punished 100 times more severely than powdered
h.ommitted a crime in their lifetime
State presence
The prison population in this country has skyrocketed. One explanation for this is:
a. public attitudes toward crime and punishment.
b. increased arrests.
c. the war on drugs.
d. all of these.
The cost of prison continues to increase with the rising number of offenders entering the
system.
a. True
b. False
Which Amendment helps to ensure procedural due process and equal protection of the
law for inmates?
a. Fourteenth
b. Fourth
c. Fifth
d. First
The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1988 requires states to
determine whether the proportion of minorities in confinement _________their
proportion in the population.
a. correlates with
b. relates to
c. underrepresents
d. exceeds
Not until the 1960s were there serious attempts made to implement the ideas of the
medical model of corrections in the United States.
a. True
b. False
Social and political values greatly influence correctional thought and practices.
a. True
b. False
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Willingness to intervene on behalf of the common good
b. Concentration of social problems
c. Neighborhoods where arrests and going to prison are common
d. Gives back to the community through justice
e. Based in a state or local jurisdiction
f. Offenders must admit what they have done
g. Focuses on resolving the problem behind a crime
h. Focuses on guilt and fair punishment
i.Analysis of why and where crimes tend to concentrate
j.Improve and strengthen communities
Restorative justice
The term_________ refers to the idea that the punishment of execution will deter others
from violent criminal activity.
a. incapacitation
b. retribution
c. deterrence
d. rehabilitation
Opponents of the death penalty argue that only _________has the right to take a life.
a. a victim
b. the survivors
c. the state
d. God
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Individuals are asked to report on their own criminal behavior
b. Inequality of treatment
c. A difference explained by legitimate factors
d. Complex concept with changing definitions
e. Cultural characteristics
f. White fear of blacks will be greatest in areas where the proportion of blacks
approaches that of whites
g. Punished 100 times more severely than powdered
h.ommitted a crime in their lifetime
Disenfranchisement
A process by which inmates can be grouped according to custody requirements and
program needs is known as:
a. reception and guidance.
b. classification.
c. placement.
d. orientation.
According to the authors, until the mid-1700s criminal punishment in Europe and
American colonies focused on which of the following?
a. mutilation
b. whipping
c. dismemberment
d. all of these
A constitutional and traditional barricade in our government is:
a. harsh punishment.
b. the separation of powers.
c. disproportionality.
d. interagency cooperation.
Half of those__________ entering state prisons are years old.
a. between 25 and 32
b. younger than 18
c. between 18 and 27
d. older than 35
The high percentage of young African American men behind bars results in:
a. their lack of earning a wage.
b. their not being able to parent children.
c. their not being able to support their partners.
d. all of these.
a. Build our way out of overcrowding
b. Strains staff morale
c. Cheaper than prison
d. Let prisons become more and more crowded
e. Incarceration rate above historical norms
f. African Americans/Hispanics
g. Higher prison populations as a whole
h. Average U.S. incarceration rate from 2000 to 2007
i. Higher rate of imprisonment of specific groups
j.Raw material of corrections
Intermediate sanctions
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. Punishment to a body inflicting pain
b. Law of civil society
c. Forced rowing
d. Detention facility
e. Pleasure over pain
f. The right to be tried in ecclesiastical court
g. Retaliation
h. Age of Reason
i. A form of banishment
j. Free will and severe punishment
Hulk
According to the authors, __________is a method of applying scientific knowledge to
practical purposes in a particular field.
a. technology
b. language
c. politics
d. persuasion
As of 2013, 32 states and the federal government currently recognize capital
punishment for those who commit murder.
a. True
b. False
The treatment program that has consistently proven to be successful for the alcohol
abuser in general population but less successful for those in the correctional population
is:
a. psychotherapy.
b. milieu therapy.
c. group counseling.
d. Alcoholics Anonymous.
Counting jails and prisons, approximately how many citizens are incarcerated?
a. 1 million
b. 2.3 million
c. 3 million
d. 4.3 million
In comparison to men’s facilities, women’s prisons have:
a. more available programming.
b. more varied programming.
c. similar programming.
d. less programming.
What region within the United States has the lowest incarceration rate?
a. the South
b. the Northeast
c. the West
d. the Southwest
Because the First Amendment guarantees this individual right,____________ programs
are available to all prisoners.
The growth of the American correctional system has__________ affected minority
group members.
The correctional goal of __________________ attempts to restore the convicted
offender to a constructive place in society through the use of individualized treatment.
Explain the two primary functions of probation and how those functions are carried out.
In addition, please discuss the conflict created by the differing goals of these two
functions. How have organizations dealt with the conflict produced by the differing
goals?
Answer:Answers will vary.
President Barack Obama signed the Fair Sentencing Act of_________ , eliminating
mandatory minimum sentences for crack and powder cocaine use by offenders.
The size and growth of the prison population is not distributed _________across the
country.
_________distinguishes people according to language, religion, and group traditions.
Discuss the various types of prison industry programs within corrections. Compare at
least two types and the pros/cons for each program. In your opinion, which program is
the most effective and why?
Answer:Answers will vary.
_____________ _______________ is a form of treatment that focuses on patterns of
interactions with others, especially patterns that may indicate problems.
The utilitarian argument in support of capital punishment is based on the belief that
execution of offenders ____________ others from committing murder.
Community justice is based on the rather than on the __________.
Define prison governance. Next, discuss the challenges officers face when attempting to
gain compliance. What strategies are used by officers and administrators to gain
compliance? Which do you believe is the most effective and which is the least
effective? Be sure to fully explain your answer.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Policy makers around the country are rethinking the get-tough approach to juvenile
justice, and a new policy ethic is beginning to surface referred to as _____________.
Women make up a_________ proportion of the prison population.
_________________ conditions are constraints imposed on the probationers to increase
the restrictiveness or painfulness of probation, including fines, community service, and
restitution.
_________________ such as poverty, single parent families, and unemployment
contribute to higher crime rates.
______________________ is the most visible form of punishment used in the United
States.