Patricia, a famous child actor, has been arrested yet again. She has had many brushes
with the law but has yet to be sentenced to prison .This time, the arrest was for was
stealing but in the end, the charges are reduced after the star agrees to return the stolen
goods. She has a team of attorneys on retainer and is always in the spotlight.
When Patricia had her charges reduced in exchange for the return of stolen goods, what
agency of crime control did she most likely deal with?
a. Police
b. Prosecution and defense
c. Courts
d. Corrections
Which regions of the country usually have significantly higher rates of crime?
a.The Midwest and New England
b.The West and the South
c.The Midwest and the South
d.New England and the West
The ____________________ was considered by many to be the most important law
enforcement officer in colonial America.
There are approximately 3,000 drug courts in operation across the United States.
a. True
b. False
Which officer’s style involves acting as a problem solver and is therefore well suited for
community policing?
a. Crime fighter
b. Social agent
c. Law enforcer
d. Watchman
Female correctional officers often find that an assignment to a male institution can
boost their career.
a. True
b. False
According to the Monitoring the Future study, approximately ____ percent of teenagers
report hurting someone badly enough that the victim needed medical care?
a.1
b.5
c.15
d.25
The level of evidence for a finding of “juvenile delinquency” is proof beyond a
reasonable doubt.
a. True
b. False
Many states and the District of Columbia have legalized medical marijuana and other
states have legalized its recreational use. In some states, police are directed to patrol the
areas near medical marijuana dispensaries more frequently because it is still illegal to
use it recreationally and usually still illegal to sell marijuana. The new governor of
California is facing a budget crisis and must reduce spending in law enforcement.
The governor has targeted medical marijuana users because the police spend more time
patrolling in areas where dispensaries are located. In what way will he be most
successful in his quest to reduce spending?
a. Start to punish medical marijuana users
b. Make violations of medical marijuana laws a felony offense
c. Make other violations of law usually punishable by fine, now arrestable offenses
d. Direct police to warn and release whenever possible
The Texas Rangers were one of the first state police agencies.
a. True
b. False
Madalyn has just earned her degree in Information Systems. After graduation she
decides to go to the police academy. She believes that working for the police and
combining her knowledge of computers would be a great niche field.
A job posting for a senior computer technician is posted within the police department.
With her degree in information systems, Madalyn applies and is sure she will be
welcomed with open arms into the job. The most likely reason she wouldn”t get the job
is because:
a. females are treated differently in policing.
b. the time-in-rank system.
c. more women are needed to handle female criminals on the streets.
d. patrol is the backbone of the police department.
Which of the following is not required as a legal condition for an arrest?
a. Probable cause
b. Deprivation of the individual’s freedom
c. Use of handcuffs
d. Belief by the suspect that he or she is in police custody
An ex post facto law is a law that inflicts a greater punishment than was available when
the crime was committed.
a. True
b. False
Joliet and the “The Rock” were examples of what type of prison?
a. Maximum security
b. Medium security
c. Minimum security
d. A prison farm
Which of the following is a federal forfeiture program?
a. Day Reporting Centers (DRC) programs
b. The Racketeer Influence and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act
c. The Organized Crime and Antidrug Act
d. RCC centers
Ben is an identity thief. His scam is really easy: he has a skimmer that he puts on the
credit card reader at the gas station. When unsuspecting patrons pay for their gasoline,
Ben gets a copy of their credit card number. Ben has just bought a Mercedes Benz
under one of his unsuspecting victim’s names. When the dealer does the credit check,
they find that there is an alert for potential stolen identity. Ben is arrested, charged,
convicted, and sentenced to 10 years in prison.
Getting used to prison hasn”t been easy for Ben. He is a homosexual and was in a
committed relationship on the outside, and now he misses his partner. Even though he is
in an all-male institution, he has never been assaulted or victimized, even though there
are a lot of male relationships. What is the most likely reason that Ben hasn”t been
propositioned by other inmates?
a. Ben’s partner comes to visit and others know he is “off limits.”
b. Ben has been prisonized.
c. Ben ignores the inmate social code.
d. Ben is true to himself.
It is unlikely that plea bargaining will be eliminated in the future because it:
a. ensures even-handed justice in the system.
b. eases the pressure of congested caseloads.
c. encourages defendants to waive their rights.
d. results in sentencing disparity.
The time-in-rank system is designed to promote stability and fairness and to limit
favoritism.
a. True
b. False
Chronic offenders are serious and persistent offenders who are responsible for a small
portion of a serious criminal behavior.
a.True
b.False
Bail is typically granted in a felony hearing:
a. only when the suspect has absconded.
b. when there has been error in arresting an innocent individual.
c. only at the police station.
d. during court hearings.
Jackson has been arrested for possession of drugs. When he was taken into custody, the
officer had just witnessed Jackson taking money from someone and handing them a
small bag that looked as if it were drugs. After obtaining that probable cause, the officer
searched Jackson’s backpack where he found approximately 4 ounces of marijuana
packaged in smaller bags for resale.
Upon searching Jackson’s home, the officer found an additional 3 ounces of marijuana
packaged for resale. The prosecutor has decided to charge Jackson with possession with
intent to distribute. What is the next stage of the criminal justice process after charging?
a. Custody
b. Preliminary hearing
c. Arraignment
d. Plea bargaining
The crime control perspective views the justice system as a means of caring for and
treating people who cannot manage themselves.
a. True
b. False
Henry Fielding operated his own monied police, referred to as ___________, which
attempted to clean up earlier policing efforts by deciding which cases to investigate and
which streets to protect.
a. Justices of the peace
b. Friends of Fielding
c. Bow Street Runners
d. Metropolitan Police
Transnational crime groups are often involved in:
a. human trafficking.
b. gambling.
c. prostitution.
d. all of these.
What US Supreme Court decision set forth objective standards for questioning by
police after a defendant has been taken into custody?
a. Miranda v. Arizona
b. Graham v. Connor
c. Sherman v. California
d. Tennessee v. Garner
Joquine is 16 years old and has two prior arrests on his record. He has a history of drug
abuse and has been in and out of counseling and diversion programs since he was 14.
He has a stable home life, involved parents, attends school, and seems to be well
engaged in community activities when he is not hanging out with a couple of the
neighborhood troublemaker kids.
Joquine just committed a crime at school and the police have been called. Because he is
a juvenile, what will happen next?
a. He will be arrested.
b. He will be taken into custody.
c. He will be arraigned.
d. He will be adjudicated.
Which type of indigent defense program relies on block grants given to lawyers or law
firms in exchange for their legal services on a set number of cases involving poor
defendants?
a. Contract system
b. Assigned counsel system
c. Prepaid legal service
d. Public defender system
Which of the following statements is false regarding public versus private attorneys?
a. Conviction rates for indigent defendants with public defenders were significantly
higher than for defendants with their own attorney.
b. Sentence lengths for defendants sent to jail or prison were shorter for those with
publicly financed attorneys than those who hired counsel.
c. Of those found guilty, those represented by publicly financed attorneys were
incarcerated at a higher rate than those defendants who paid for their own legal
representation.
d. Research indicates that private counsel may have a slightly better track record in
some areas than public defenders.
The rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among state and federal
prisoners has stabilized at around 2 percent.
a. True
b. False
Mackenzie is familiar with street life. She was a drug dealer who spent time in jail and
prison and then cleaned up her act after she was arrested for the third time. When she
was in prison she learned a lot from her fellow inmates. Now, she spends most of her
time hanging out with her friends, some of whom are still dealers. This gives her a
chance to be “in the know” but not in trouble.
Mackenzie has been in contact with the police again but this time they want her help.
They want to know about a particular inmate she served time with and the crimes that
that inmate committed. What type of policing aligns best with what Mackenzie will tell
the police?
a. Order maintenance
b. Intelligence-led policing
c. Problem-oriented policing
d. Street-level drug enforcement
What did the court establish in Stack v. Boyle?
a. That individuals charged with misdemeanors are entitled to an absolute right to bail.
b. That only the most heinous and violent crimes are unbailable.
c. That all defendants are entitled to an absolute right to bail.
d. That if a crime is bailable, the amount set should not be frivolous, unusual, or beyond
a person’s ability to pay under similar circumstance.
Research supports an association between social class and sentencing, with members of
the lower class likely to get a longer sentence than those more affluent.
a. True
b. False
Jaime has just pled guilty to cocaine possession. At first she claimed that the drugs
weren”t hers but figured the judge might be lenient if he knew that she had fought with
cocaine addiction since she was 14 years old. Her parents are in the public spotlight and
the publicity was just too much for her to handle so she left home when she was 16,
certain that she could make it on her own. After living on the streets addicted to
anything she could get her hands on, she finally went back home to seek help from her
parents who put her in rehab about 6 months ago.
Jaime was sentenced to a $2,000 fine, 300 hours of community service, and 2 months of
intensive outpatient drug treatment. What do you think is the most likely reason for
Jaime’s sentence?
a. There is no room in jail for another drug offender.
b. Sentencing Jaime to a harsher punishment may embarrass her parents.
c. An attempt to help Jaime maintain the ties that she rebuilt with her family and
community.
d. Restitution and community service is appropriate for a troubled drug offender.
It is possible that the link between crime and mental illness is spurious: that is, both
mental illness and criminal behavior may be the result of some other, independent
variable.
a.True
b.False
The ____________________ Amendment prohibits double jeopardy.
In _______________ (1984), the court ruled that the probation officer”client
relationship is not confidential.
Due to _____, hundreds of wrongfully convicted individuals have been exonerated in
recent years.
What are the major factors influencing the decision to waive a juvenile into adult court?
In Gregg v. Georgia, the court found that capital punishment for the crime of murder
does not violate the _____ Amendment under all circumstances.
Summarize the relationship between mental illness and crime.
____________________ is often used along with house arrest to ensure obedience to
home confinement orders.
The ____________________ is used to select judges in more than 30 states.
Explain the major purposes of patrol and how patrols can be improved.
A _________ is a mechanism to exchange information and intelligence, maximize
resources, streamline operations, and improve the ability to fight crime and terrorism by
analyzing data from multiple sources.
In _________ theSupreme Court ruled that the police can perform a stop and frisk when
they have reasonable suspicion to believe that criminal activity is afoot.
____________________ describes the decision a prosecutor makes in whether or not to
prosecute a case.
Discuss two problems confronting today’s police departments. How do these challenges
compare to the challenges faced during early days of policing?
______ were reformers in America who developed programs for troubled youths and
influenced legislation creating the juvenile justice system.
Explain the influence of Quakers on the development of America’s prisons.