DNA has four different nitrogen-containing bases. Which of the following are other
structural characteristics of DNA?
I. The bases are attached to the phosphate groups.
II. The bases are attached to the sugar molecule, deoxyribose.
III. The bases A and T are complementary, and C and G are complementary.
IV. The bases A and C are complementary, and T and G are complementary.
A. I and III
B. II and III
C. I and IV
D. II and IV
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a greenhouse gas. Why is O3not assigned a Global Warming
Potential (GWP)?
A. Ozone molecules absorb only low energy infrared frequencies.
B. Ozone molecules have a low molecular weight.
C. Tropospheric ozone concentrations are not changed by human activity.
D. Ozone has a relatively short lifetime in the troposphere and its distribution is not
uniform around the world.
Which is produced in the greatest amount from a barrel of petroleum?
A. asphalt and road oil
B. gasoline
C. home heating oil
D. lubricants and waxes
Which of these represents an amino acid?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which would contribute most to your annual radiation dose?
A. living at an elevation 1,000 m above sea level
B. having a dental X-ray
C. living within 50 miles of a nuclear reactor
D. smoking a pack and a half of cigarettes per day
Which is not true concerning the discovery and development of the penicillin
antibiotics?
A. Alexander Fleming noted that the mold Penicillium notatum inhibited bacterial
growth.
B. The first step in the development of these drugs was the isolation of the active agent
produced by the mold Penicillium notatum.
C. There are currently more than a dozen different penicillins in clinical use.
D. World War I gave added impetus for the development of the penicillin antibiotics.
When assessing the risk of an air pollutant, which does not play a role in considering
someone’s exposure to the pollutant?
A. a person’s lung capacity
B. a person’s breathing rate
C. the toxicity of the pollutant
D. the concentration in air of the pollutant
In which example is the entropy of the initial state greater than the entropy of the final
state?
A. A building collapses during an earthquake.
B. A lump of sugar dissolves in a cup of warm water.
C. Liquid water freezes into ice.
D. Liquid water evaporates.
The burning characteristics of a gasoline can be improved by converting the octane it
contains into isooctane. This conversion requires the use of expensive catalysts such as
A. biological enzymes.
B. gold and titanium.
C. platinum and palladium.
D. ultraviolet radiation.
Nathaniel Wyeth developed plastic soft drink bottles. They are made from which
polymer?
A. HDPE
B. PVC
C. PS
D. PET
When three fatty acid molecules combine with one molecule of glycerol, what forms?
A. one molecule of a triglyceride and one molecule of water
B. one molecule of a triglyceride and three molecules of water
C. three molecules of triglyceride and one molecule of water
D. three molecules of triglyceride and three molecules of water
Which best explains why the United States has the greatest number of nuclear reactors
worldwide but one of the lower percentages of electricity produced by nuclear reactors?
A. Most U.S. reactors are not operational.
B. The United States uses more electrical power than most countries.
C. U.S. officials believe that coal-powered plants are more efficient than nuclear power
plants.
D. Most U.S. reactors are more than 30 years old.
Blowing agents are gases, or a compound that releases a gas, that are added to polymers
in the manufacture of a foamed plastic. Which statement is not true?
A. At one time, CFC’s were used as blowing agents.
B. Gaseous pentane is now often used.
C. The DOW 100% CO2 technology uses carbon monoxide.
D. The use of pentane is hazardous because it is highly flammable.
Which of these statements are correct for addition polymerization only?
I. Monomer units chemically bond together.
II. Product contains all the atoms of the starting material.
III. There is generally just one monomer.
A. I only
B. I and II
C. II only
D. I and III
The heat of combustion of methane, CH4, is 50.1 kJ/g. How much heat would be
generated if 1.00 mol of methane undergoes complete combustion?
A. 0.32 kJ
B. 3.12 kJ
C. 601 kJ
D. 804 kJ
Polystyrene is used to make Styrofoam cups. For this usage, which property is most
important?
A. good insulator
B. light weight
C. white and opaque
D. brittle
The opposite of a galvanic cell is
A. a battery.
B. an electrolytic cell.
C. a fuel cell.
D. a photovoltaic (solar) cell.
What is the formula of the ionic compound formed from magnesium, Mg, and chlorine,
Cl?
A. MgCl
B. Mg2Cl2
C. Mg2Cl
D. MgCl2
What is the effect of the absorption of infrared energy on matter?
A. It excites bonding electrons.
B. It increases molecular rotation.
C. It breaks chemical bonds.
D. It increases the vibration of chemical bonds.
The measure of how much energy is dispersed in a given processis called the
A. entropy.
B. activation energy.
C. heat of combustion.
D. potential energy.
The acid neutralizing capacity of a lake or stream most often derives from the presence
of _______ in the surrounding soil or rock.
A. CaCO3
B. HNO3
C. NaCl
D. Sr(OH)2
Octane (C8H18) is one of the principal components of gasoline. How many moles of
CO2 are produced during the combustion of 3.0 mol of octane?
Unbalanced equation: C8H18 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
A. 3.0
B. 8.0
C. 24
D. 26
A 0.25 M solution of the sugar sucrose, C12H22O11, in water is tested for conductivity
using the type of apparatus shown. What do you predict will happen?
A. The bulb will not light up. Sucrose is an electrolyte, but not very soluble in aqueous
solution.
B. The bulb will not light up. Sucrose is in the molecular form in aqueous solution.
C. The light bulb will shine dimly. Sucrose is only partially ionized in aqueous solution.
D. The light bulb will shine brightly. Sucrose is highly ionized in aqueous solution.
Predict the products of the chemical equation: 3 LiOH + H3PO4 →
A. 3 LiH + (OH)3PO4
B. 3 H + 3 O2 + H3Li3
C. Li3PO4 + 3 H2O
D. Li3P + 2 H2O + H3O5
Which naturally occurring radioactive particles are negatively charged?
A. alpha particles
B. beta particles
C. gamma radiation
D. neutrons
Cracking is
A. the breaking of larger molecules into smaller ones.
B. the combination of small molecules to form larger molecules.
C. any reaction that is accompanied by the release of heat.
D. any reaction that is accompanied by the absorption of heat.
A gasoline’s octane rating is a measure of the
A. gasoline’s resistance to causing knocking in a vehicle’s engine.
B. pollutants produced by burning the gasoline in a vehicle’s engine.
C. energy content of the gasoline.
D. purity of the gasoline.
Which statement related to the “wonder drug” aspirin is not true?
A. The folk remedy using a tea made from willow bark ultimately led to the discovery
of aspirin as we know it today.
B. A rare, but life-threatening, side effect of aspirin is blood in the urine.
C. Aspirin inhibits the clotting of blood and commonly causes some stomach bleeding.
D. Aspirin selectively blocks the COX-2 enzyme but does not block the COX-1
enzyme.
According to the graph below,
the major source of energy in the United States during the years 1900 to 1950 was
A. coal.
B. wood.
C. natural gas.
D. petroleum.
Which is not an advantage of using a solid electrolyte in a fuel cell?
A. It is impermeable to liquids and gases and will keep the fuel and oxidizer separated.
B. It cannot “dry out” and will allow the fuel cell to operate at higher temperatures than
one that uses water as part of the proton transfer mechanism.
C. It may use various fuels other than hydrogen gas, the fuel of choice in systems using
water as part of the proton transfer mechanism.
D. It eliminates the need for an oxidant; only a fuel is required.
The primary product of the combustion of sulfur is:
A. H2S
B. H2SO4
C. H2SO3
D. SO2
Which is(are) the benefit(s) of developing fruit that ripens more slowly?
I. increased profits for producers
II. enhanced nutrition for the consumer
III. less environmental impact
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. III only
Which chemical equation shows the dissociation of 2 protons from trihydrogen
phosphate (phosphoric acid)?
A. H3PO4 → H2+ + HPO4
B. H3PO4 → H22+ + PO42
C. H3PO4 → 2H+ + HPO42
D. H3PO4 → H33+ + PO43
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in a neutral atom of 64Cu (atomic
number= 29)?
A. Protons = 64, neutrons = 29, electrons = 29
B. Protons = 35, neutrons = 29, electrons = 35
C. Protons = 29, neutrons = 64, electrons = 35
D. Protons = 29, neutrons = 35, electrons = 29