According to the graph below,
the net United States import of petroleum drastically decreased during the years
A. 1970 to 1977.
B. 1973 to 1975.
C. 1977 to 1982.
D. 1985 to 1990.
The primary structure of a protein is the
A. overall shape or conformation of the molecule.
B. conformation of amino acids in a segment of polypeptide.
C. identity and sequence of amino acids present.
D. association of one protein chain with another.
Petroleum (crude oil) is a complex mixture of thousands of substances, the majority of
which are
A. carbohydrates.
B. hydrocarbons.
C. natural gases.
D. proteins.
Which reactive nitrogen compound is produced using the Haber-Bosch process?
A. NaNO3
B. KNO3
C. NH3
D. NO2
Which is the best representation showing a sodium cation in water?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Find the molar mass of ethanol, C2H6O.
A. 29.02 g/mol
B. 45.06 g/mol
C. 46.07 g/mol
D. 110.0 g/mol
The tertiary structure of a protein is the
A. overall shape or conformation of the molecule.
B. conformation of amino acids in a segment of polypeptide.
C. identity and sequence of amino acids present.
D. association of one protein chain with another.
Which best explains why the United States has the greatest number of nuclear reactors
worldwide but one of the lower percentages of electricity produced by nuclear reactors?
A. Most U.S. reactors are not operational.
B. The United States uses more electrical power than most countries.
C. U.S. officials believe that coal-powered plants are more efficient than nuclear power
plants.
D. Most U.S. reactors are more than 30 years old.
In order to halt increases in the amounts of these gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, global
greenhouse gas emissions must be decreased by 9 billion tons. Which of thesewould
NOT provide that much relief in global greenhousegas emissions?
A. Cutting energy usage in the world’s buildings by 20″25% below business-as-usual.
B. Having all cars get 60 mpg instead of 30 mpg
C. Replacing 700 large coal-burning power plants with nuclear, wind, or solar power
D. Capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide at 800 coal-burning power plants
E. None of the above would provide the needed 9 billion tons.
Catalytic converters reduce the amount of ________ in car exhaust.
A. O3
B. CO2
C. CO
D. N2
Which pollutant is present in air as particulate matter?
A. soot
B. ozone
C. sulfur dioxide
D. carbon monoxide
The greenhouse and enhanced greenhouse effects refer to the return of approximately
___ percent and greater than ___ percent of the heat radiated by Earth.
A. 40; 40
B. 50; 50
C. 60; 60
D. 80; 80
Isotopes of an element have the same number of ______, but different numbers of
______.
A. electrons; protons
B. protons; neutrons
C. neutrons; protons
D. protons; electrons
How many joules are required to heat 2.0 L of water from 20C to its boiling point of
100C? The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g”C and the density of water is 1 g/mL.
A. 6.7 x 105 J
B. 1.7 x 105 J
C. 3.8 x 104 J
D. 6.7 x 102 J
How is wind energy related to the sun?
A. It has no relation.
B. Wind turbines need solar panels to operate correctly.
C. The heat of the sun drives large-scale movements of air.
D. Wind turbines only operate during daylight hours.
The correct name for CuO is
A. copper oxide.
B. monocopper oxide.
C. copper(I) oxide.
D. copper(II) oxide.
In order to halt increases in the amounts of these gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, global
greenhouse gas emissions must be decreased by 9 billion tons. Which of thesewould
NOT provide that much relief in global greenhousegas emissions?
A. Cutting energy usage in the world’s buildings by 20″25% below business-as-usual.
B. Having all cars get 60 mpg instead of 30 mpg
C. Replacing 700 large coal-burning power plants with nuclear, wind, or solar power
D. Capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide at 800 coal-burning power plants
E. None of the above would provide the needed 9 billion tons.
Which substance has the highest pH?
A. orange juice
B. rain
C. a sulfuric acid solution
D. a lye solution
Why did the industrial-scale production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen
present a difficult challenge?
A. Ammonia is explosive.
B. Nitrogen is difficult to purify.
C. Nitrogen is unreactive.
D. Hydrogen is unreactive.
Why is the mileage a vehicle gets less when burning E85 than 100% gasoline?
A. It is not, they are the same.
B. It is not, E85 gives better mileage per gallon burned.
C. Ethanol has a lower heat of combustion.
D. Ethanol has a higher heat of combustion.
A nucleotide consists of which of the following?
I. bases
II. complimentary base pairs
III. deoxyribose molecule
IV. phosphates
A. I and III
B. II, III, and IV
C. I, III, and IV
D. II and IV
For this line-angle drawing, which condensed structural formula is correct?
A. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
B. CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH
C. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3
D. CH(CH3)2CH2OH
Incineration of plastics can be used to generate energy. One of the “Big Six” plastics
releases hydrochloric acid, HCl, when incinerated. Which one?
A. LDPE
B. PVC
C. PET
D. PS
Iron, an important component of the steel used in the construction of buildings, bridges,
and railroads, combines with oxygen to form Fe2O3, which we recognize as rust. At
room temperature, iron
A. combines readily with atmospheric oxygen to form Fe2O3.
B. requires the presence of a galvanizing agent and oxygen before it can rust.
C. gains valence electrons from atmospheric oxygen, forming Fe2O3.
D. requires the presence of hydrogen ions and oxygen before it can form Fe2O3.
Dacron is classified as a polyester. Which linkage is correct? (The gray areas represent
the monomer backbones.)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Soil nitrification refers to which process?
A. conversion of NO to NO2
B. conversion of nitrogen oxides to nitric acid
C. conversion of N2 to NO2
D. conversion of NH4+to NO3
What, approximately,is the highest concentration of CO2 measured in the Earth’s
atmosphere in modern times?
A. 4000 ppm
B. 400 ppm
C. 40 ppm
D. 4.0 ppm
The major elements in the human body are C, H, O, N, P and
A. Ca, Fe, Mg.
B. Ca, Fe, Na.
C. Ca, K, Zn.
D. Ca, Mg, Na.
During a chemical reaction,
A. atoms are rearranged.
B. some atoms are destroyed and new ones are formed.
C. some elements are destroyed and new ones are formed.
Which compounds are not soluble in water at room temperature?
A. I and II only
B. II and III only
C. III and IV only
D. I and IV only
Sunlight (solar radiation) may be turned directly into electricity using ______ cells.
A. fuel
B. photovoltaic
C. electrolytic
D. lead-acid
Which statement related to the “wonder drug” aspirin is not true?
A. The folk remedy using a tea made from willow bark ultimately led to the discovery
of aspirin as we know it today.
B. A rare, but life-threatening, side effect of aspirin is blood in the urine.
C. Aspirin inhibits the clotting of blood and commonly causes some stomach bleeding.
D. Aspirin selectively blocks the COX-2 enzyme but does not block the COX-1
enzyme.