the population mean (µ) is hypothesized to be 200
the sample mean (x) is 220 ^  the sample size (n) is 25
the unbiased sample standard (s) is 15
The estimated value of the t’‘statistic is
a. 4.0.
b. 5.2.
c. 6.7.
d. 7.2.
e. 9.0.
When the pretest results are analyzed and recorded in the dummy tables, which of the
following is most likely to have occurred if some part of a table remains empty?
a. The response rate was poor.
b. The interviewer asked leading questions.
c. Some respondents did not understand a particular question.
d. A necessary option was omitted.
e. The researcher has no way of knowing.
Why is the practical application of the four’‘group’‘six’‘study design somewhat limited
in marketing?
a. The design is expensive in terms of time.
b. Marketing samples are not always large enough to divide the samples of test units
into four groups.
c. If the group samples are small, it is unlikely they will be equal even if assigned
randomly.
d. The design is expensive.
e. All of the above.
Definitions of unfamiliar terms used in the report should be defined in
a. the introduction.
b. the good summary.
c. the true summary.
d. the body.
e. the conclusions.
Exploratory research can be used to
a. increase the analyst’s familiarity with the problem.
b. clarify concepts.
c. establish priorities in dealing with explanations of problems.
d. a and b.
e. a, b, and c.
History effects
a. refer to specific events that occur prior to the experiment that may affect respondent’s
attitudes.
b. on a research conclusion are usually obvious.
c. primarily jeopardize the internal validity of a marketing experiment.
d. refer to changes occurring within the test units that are not due to the impact of the
experimental variable, but result from the passage of time.
e. c and d.
Which of the following about the word-association and sentence-completion methods is
FALSE?
a. Both are structured in regard to presenting the stimuli and are unstructured in regard
to the response.
b. The degree of structure associated with these methods tends to substantially reduce
the coding problems of unstructured methods.
c. Sentence-completion in comparison to word-association has the advantage in that the
respondent can be provided with a more directed stimulus.
d. Both are examples of unstructured-undisguised questioning.
e. Both are examples of projective techniques.
Which of the following is FALSE?
a. A multivariate problem of analysis obtains whenever the analyst has two or more
measures per sample object and he wishes to analyze the variables together.
b. Both scale of measurement and role of each variable interact to produce a complex
classification scheme of multivariate procedures.
c. In dependence analysis, one (or more) of the variates is selected for special treatment
by the conditions of the problem and the emphasis is on investigating how it depends on
the other variates.
d. A criterion variable is an independent variable while an antecedent variable is a
dependent variable.
e. In interdependence analysis, all of the variables have equal footing in the sense none
is considered the criterion to be predicted by the others.
Hours of Study and Grades Received on Test for 100
Undergraduate StudentsRESULTS FOR
MEN: Hours of Study
Grade Received 5 or less 6 or more Total A
6 14 20 B 18
12 30 Total 24 26
50RESULTS FOR WOMEN: Hours of
Study Grade Received 5 or less 6 or more
Total A 8 16
24 B 16 10
26 Total 24 26
50TOTALS: Hours of
Study Grade Received 5 or less 6 or more
Total A 14 30
44 B 34 22
56 Total 48 52 100 In a chart of
the cross’‘tabulation of ‘sex” vs. “grade received,” which of the following sets of
numbers would be marginals?
a. 20, 24
b. 44, 56
c. 30, 26
d. 48, 52
e. none of the above
Which of the following statements is false:
a. Data mining is different from data analysis.
b. Data mining is conducted on large numbers of consumers.
c. Data mining is conducted on large numbers of variables.
d. Data mining attempts to find ‘nuggets’ of marketing information amidst data.
e. Data mining requires tremendous data storage system and fast data access.
When designing questionnaires, hypotheses can be used
a. as a guide to determine what information will be sought.
b. to determine the type of question.
c. to determine the form of response.
d. a and b above.
e. all of the above.
The use of an additional variable to refine the initial results is a basic technique of
a. longitudinal analysis.
b. coding.
c. one’‘way tabulation analysis.
d. cross’‘sectional analysis.
e. cross’‘tabulation analysis.
In the before’‘after with control group design, 02 ‘‘ 01 is a measure of
a. E + U + I.
b. E + U.
c. E.
d. nothing (it is irrelevant).
e. none of the above.
Actual Predicted Classification Total
Classification A B C
A 10 3 8 21
B 6 15 1 22
C 8 4 20 32
Total 24 22 29 75
The hit rate is approximately
a. .60.
b. .62.
c. .64.
d. .66.
e. .70.
Sample surveys have the following disadvantages
a. they require a good deal of technical skill.
b. they are expensive in both time and money.
c. they sacrifice breadth for depth.
d. a and b.
e. a, b, and c.
Which of the following types of secondary data is likely to be the most accurate
a. anonymous data published as propaganda
b. product failure statistics as reported by a manufacturer
c. a report by a prestigious government agency providing a description of data
collection methods, definitions, sampling frame, etc
d. a very recent study of business activity published in a high’‘class business publication
but containing no description of the research methodology employed
e. a cigarette company report presenting data that shows there is no link between
smoking and cancer
Which of the following is true of research reports?
a. Most reports are clear.
b. A good way to ensure the research report is clear is to make an outline of the major
points.
c. A report writer should generally include everything corresponding to the project in
the report.
d. A good rule of thumb in report writing is to include all those findings that might be of
interest to the reader.
e. They are all false.
The best way of handling duplicates when sampling from lists is to
a. skip the duplicate and choose the next name on the list.
b. get an updated list.
c. use the standard error formula to estimate the effect.
d. weight the results by the inverse of the probability of selection.
e. do all of the above.
The main sources of error in a static’‘group comparison are
a. history and selection bias.
b. main testing effect.
c. selection bias and experimental mortality.
d. experimental mortality and history.
e. none of the above.
The essential difference between a confidence interval constructed employing a
stratified sample and that constructed employing a simple random sampling is that with
the stratified sample
a. a point estimate of the population mean is not required.
b. determination of the estimate of the mean and standard error of estimate involves the
use of weights.
c. the strata results are appropriately weighted by a method of curvilinear estimation.
d. inferences are drawn on the basis of the known population mean and variance.
e. the researcher does not need to specify the degree of confidence.
The numbers refer to the measure of similarity between object A and the other objects,
B, C, and D.With the single linkage method of clustering objects, the criterion value at
which A would be allowed to join cluster BCD is
a. .617.
b. .484.
c. .372.
d. .491.
e. .428.
Which of the following statements is TRUE of the extraneous variable, history?
a. Its effects on a research conclusion are often subtle.
b. Its effects are eliminated in a laboratory experiment.
c. It refers to events external to the experiment which occurred before or during the
experiment.
d. a and c.
e. all of the above are true of the history effect.
Duplication in the list of sampling units results in
a. sampling errors.
b. data collection errors.
c. coverage errors.
d. response errors.
e. none of the above.
Which of the following statements regarding factorial designs is FALSE?
A factorial design
a. may be needed to study the interaction of factors.
b. may save time and effort since all the observations are employed to study the effects
of each of the factors.
c. may produce conclusions with broader applications since each factor can be studied
with varying combinations of the other factors.
d. may be used in conjunction with a randomized block design.
e. they are all true.
A focus group
a. consists of an interviewer and a subject discussing a single topic of interest to the
interviewer.
b. is not useful for testing hypotheses.
c. typically consists of four to six members.
d. requires selecting members so that they form relatively heterogeneous groups in
order to get perspectives from those with different socioeconomic backgrounds.
e. involves having subjects fill out a survey on one topic.