Which of the following is NOT a right under the Crime Victims’ Rights Act to the
victims of federal crimes?
a. The right to be reasonably protected from the accused.
b. The right to proceedings free from unreasonable delay.
c. The right to confer with the federal prosecutor handling the case.
d. The right to appeal any state or federal grant of clemency.
Which agency would NOT be encompassed by the term local police?
a. sheriff’s department
b. campus police
c. state police
d. municipal department
Which of the following is NOT an element of crime?
a. concurrence of act and intent
b. motive for the crime
c. criminal act
d. culpable mental state
________ is the philosophy of law.
a. Mens rea
b. The penal code
c. Jurisprudence
d. The M”Naghten rule
Which level of prison security often has chain-link fences topped with barbed wire?
a. supermax-security
b. medium-security
c. maximum-security
d. minimum-security
A woman is accused of murdering her brother. She claims that she stabbed her brother
to release the evil spirits within his body. The excuse defense that would most likely be
used at her trial is ________.
a. duress
b. insanity
c. coercion
d. provocation
Which U.S. Supreme Court case was responsible for the creation of the exclusionary
rule?
a. Powell v. Alabama
b. Weeks v. U.S.
c. Chimel v. California
d. Johnson v. Avery
Prosecutorial discretion is the decision-making power of prosecutors, which is based on
the wide range of choices available to them. List and define three of these areas. Include
the benefits and pitfalls of each area.
The abuse of police authority for personal or organizational gain is called ________.
a. police subculture
b. police corruption
c. police integrity
d. police personality
Which of the following cases emphasizes the totality of circumstances approach?
a. U.S. v. Leon
b. Mapp v. Ohio
c. Brown v. Mississippi
d. Illinois v. Gates
Which of the following U.S. Supreme Court cases specified the conditions under which
deadly force could be used to apprehend a suspected felon?
a. Hunter v. Bryant
b. Saucier v.Katz
c. Tennessee v. Garner
d. Bivens v. Six Unknown Federal Agents
Which intermediate sanction resembles a military-style boot camp?
a. shock parole
b. shock probation
c. shock incarceration
d. intensive supervision
Which of the following is an alternative to the cash bond system?
a. pretrial release
b. conditional release
c. plea bargaining
d. preliminary hearing
A(n) ________ warrant is issued based on probable cause to believe that evidence of a
crime, while not currently at the place described, will likely be there when the warrant
is executed.
a. plain-view
b. anticipatory
c. latent
d. electronic
________ capacity refers to the inmate population the institution was originally built to
handle.
a. Design
b. Rated
c. Operational
d. Construction
The principle of recognizing previous decisions as precedents to guide future
deliberations is called ________.
a. stare decisis
b. corpus delicti
c. actus reus
d. mens rea
Which of the following is NOT cited as a disadvantage of probation and parole?
a. Probation and parole programs are underused, enabling practitioners to adequately
supervise offenders on their caseloads.
b. Probation and parole inflict relatively less severe or no punishment upon the
offender.
c. Probation and parole result in increased social costs.
d. Probation and parole expose the community to greater risk than does incarceration.
Which of the following is NOT another name for a prosecuting attorney?
a. assigned counsel
b. solicitor
c. state’s attorney
d. district attorney
What is the primary purpose of the preliminary hearing?
a. to give the defendant the opportunity to challenge the legal basis for detention
b. to once again inform the defendant of the specific charges against him or her
c. to allow the defendant to enter a plea
d. to help ensure reappearance of the accused
Which part of the law specifies the methods to be used in enforcing substantive law?
a. civil law
b. procedural law
c. administrative law
d. common law
Which of the following refers to the goal of criminal sentencing that attempts to make
the victim “whole again”?
a. restoration
b. incapacitation
c. retribution
d. deterrence
The largest growth group in jails nationwide is ________.
a. minorities
b. juveniles
c. females
d. males
The most widely used system of indigent defense involves ________.
a. public defender programs
b. court-appointed defense attorneys judicial degree programs.
c. victims’ assistance programs
d. contract attorney programs
What is the best way to describe police subculture?
a. a particular set of values characteristic of the police
b. the characteristics that officers bring to the job
c. the borrowing of norms and behaviors by officers from society
d. groups of deviant officers who mask their illegal activity
Which of the following is NOT an example of procedural defense?
a. police fraud
b. prosecutorial misconduct
c. double jeopardy
d. eyewitness identification
Which is the strategy that the state of California in 2012 moved to implement, under
which the state’s counties are required to assume full responsibility for managing all of
the state’s juvenile offenders?
a. reinvestment
b. resolution
c. realignment
d. adjudication
Criminal justice involves all of the following elements, EXCEPT________.
a. cultural beliefs of right and wrong
b. violations of the criminal law
c. protection of the innocent
d. fair treatment of offenders
In which of the following cases did the Court establish a two-pronged test for assessing
constitutional violations by government agents?
a. City of Canton, Ohio v. Harris
b. Saucier v.Katz
c. Malley v. Briggs
d. Biscoe v. Arlington County
Bob runs a stop sign. He didn’t see the sign and he had no intention of breaking the law.
He is guilty of a(n) ________.
a. strict liability offense
b. procedural defense
c. juvenile offense
d. inchoate offense
Which of the following is NOT part of the “Police Use-of-Force Continuum”?
a. officer presence
b. hard techniques
c. verbal commands
d. calculus of reasonableness
There are ________ federal judicial districts.
a. 64
b. 14
c. 94
d. 18
Which famous 1966 U.S. Supreme Court case provided for the advisement of rights to
criminal suspects prior to questioning?
a. Chimel v. California
b. Miranda v. Arizona
c. Tennessee v. Garner
d. Mapp v. Ohio
Which amendment guarantees against self-incrimination?
a. Fourth
b. Eighth
c. Fourteenth
d. Fifth
Who makes the release decision when an offender is sentenced to shock parole?
a. the prosecutor
b. the parole board
c. the U.S. Sentencing Commission
d. the appellate court judge
Which type of sentence requires that offenders serve time in a local jail before a period
of supervised probation?
a. shock probation
b. split sentence
c. shock incarceration
d. mixed sentence
Police officers may enter a home to conduct a warrantless search even if one of the
residents does not give permission.
Most federal probation officers may carry a firearm for defensive purposes while on
duty.
It is a myth that al-Qaeda recruits members in U.S. prisons.
The operational capacity of a prison is the number of inmates a prison was intended to
hold when it was built.
Rehabilitation depends on a fear of the consequences of violating the law.
African American women are eight times more likely than white women to be
incarcerated.
In both shock probation and split sentencing, the offender serves a relatively short
period of time in custody and is released on probation by court order.
Fewer incarcerated women than men have been sexually or physically abused before
they are incarcerated.
Property crimes typically have lower clearance rates than personal/violent crimes.
Police chiefs are elected, and the mayor usually appoints sheriffs.
Evidence-Based Policing is being used to implement guidelines and evaluate police
agencies, units, and police officers. Define evidence-based policing, how it works, and
its effect on law enforcement and crime solving.
We have found that stress is a natural component of police work and some stressors in
police work are particularly destructive. List and define three areas of stress that affect
police officers and explain how these stressors impact the officers’ lives.
The 1899 Illinois Juvenile Court Act emphasized retribution in place of reformation.
The number of inmates held in private prisons is slowly decreasing.
Death-row inmates are placed in minimum security institutions.
Public-order advocates support the interests of society over individual rights.
The current system to represent the indigent is always well-funded.
List and define the three different lifestyles researcher Esther Heffernan found as
indicative of lifestyle adaptation in female prisons.
A prisoner’s mail can be banned if the ban is reasonably related to legitimate
penological interests.