Which of the following searches falls outside of the plain touch doctrine?
a. Feeling a gun through a jacket during a pat-down search
b. Feeling a bag of marijuana in a pocket during a pat-down search for weapons
c. Feeling a brick of cocaine in a suitcase during a lawful bus sweep for immigrants
d. All of these are lawful under the plain touch doctrine
Federal legislation that allowed prison-made goods to be sold across state lines if the
projects complied with strict rules, such as preventing undercutting the existing
structure, was called the:
a. Federal Lautenberg Act.
b. Free Enterprise Act.
c. Percy Amendment.
d. Hiro Amendment.
Which form of parole is characterized by smaller caseloads and closer surveillance and
may include frequent drug testing and electronic monitoring?
a. Intensive supervision parole
b. Rigorous supervision
c. Substantive supervision parole
d. Individual-based parole
Over half of the referrals to juvenile court never proceed beyond the intake stage.
a. True
b. False
A practice in which the juvenile court relinquishes its jurisdiction over a juvenile and
transfers the case to adult court is called:
a. Abdication.
b. Renunciation.
c. Adult disclaimer.
d. Waiver.
CASE 12.3
Robert Land is arrested for driving under the influence following a celebration of
his brother’s election as mayor of a small town in South Carolina. Robert has no
prior arrests and is 24 years old. Given this information, answer the following
questions:
Because of Mr. Land’s noncriminal past, it is likely his case could be an option for
which process in which a probation officer settles cases at the initial appearance before
the onset of formal criminal proceedings?
a. Probation diversion
b. An intake hearing
c. A presentence investigation
d. Habeas corpus
A set of standards that defines parameters for trial judges to follow in their sentencing
of offenders is called:
a. Sentencing structures.
b. Sentencing guidelines.
c. Comprehensive sentencing structures.
d. Sentencing rubrics.
CASE 10.1
Frank Crutchfield was arrested for the murder of his coworker Robert Bell
following an argument over the use of the copy machine and the time it took Mr.
Bell to complete his tasks. Mr. Crutchfield had previously told his coworkers of his
anger toward Mr. Bell, but his coworkers did not take this anger seriously. Mr.
Crutchfield was arrested in August 2012. Given this information, answer the
following questions.
The evidence against Mr. Crutchfield is presented to the grand jury who charge Mr.
Crutchfield with the crime of murder. This is called:
a. No bill.
b. An indictment.
c. A denunciation.
d. A summons.
Between 1976 and 1999, 566 people were executed in the United States and 82
individuals awaiting executionwere exonerated. This is a ratio of 1 individual freed for
every 7 individuals executed. Such serious errors in thecriminal justice system are of
concern to advocates of the perspective.
a. Due process
b. Rehabilitation
c. Justice
d. Crime control
What do recruits often discover about police work?
a. The social reality of police work does not mesh with their original career goals.
b. The reality of police work is exactly what they envisioned and why they decided on a
career in policing.
c. Police culture divides officers from other officers.
d. Members of the public are supportive and patient.
Proponents of the death penalty argue that it is morally correct because of evidence
found in the Bible and other religious works.
a. True
b. False
According to the _______ view of crime, behaviors that become crimes are essentially
harmfulto a majority of citizens and therefore there is general agreement regarding
which behaviorsneed to be controlled.
a. Conflict
b. Interactionist
c. Consensus
d. Constructionist
There are more than two million employees involved in private policing.
a. True
b. False
The right to counsel as guaranteed under the Sixth Amendment extends to
postconviction activities as well, including appeal.
a. True
b. False
Day fees require probationers to pay for part of the cost of their treatment.
a. True
b. False
Cesare Lombroso’s views on crime causation were discredited.
a. True
b. False
The term blue curtain describes:
a. Police reluctance to express personal feelings to each other.
b. The police practice of shrouding the windows and doors of the briefing room with a
blue curtain when confidential information is disseminated.
c. The secrecy and insulation from others in society that is a consequence of the police
subculture.
d. The cloth used to drape the coffins of slain police officers.
CASE 12.1
John Lewis is a 28-year-old married man with one child who was laid off from his
job as a coal miner and was recently arrested for possession of drugs in rural West
Virginia. His attorney made it known during the court process that Mr. Lewis’s
arrest for prescription pain drugs without a valid prescription stemmed from an
injury he sustained years ago on the job. Given this information, answer the follow
questions:
After being given a report by the probation department called a ________________, the
judge discovers that Mr. Lewis’s claims are valid, that he is not a flight risk or a danger
to society, and that he has educational and job experience that warrant probation.
a. Presentence investigation
b. Intake report
c. Sentence disposition
d. Sentencing report
Some studies have found evidence of gender bias in sentencing.
a. True
b. False
In 1816, The Society for the Prevention of Pauperism was established to:
a. Provide counsel for youth at trial.
b. Provide indigent youth a family-like environment away from a life of crime.
c. Transport indigent youth to orphanages in England and Ireland.
d. Establish sanitary conditions in juvenile holding facilities and prisons.
In Florida, Chapter 782.04 of the Florida State Statutes explains the crime of
murder. Section 1 of thestatute reads: 782.04 Murder.(1)(a) The unlawful killing of
a human being: When perpetrated from apremeditated design to effect the death
of the person killed or any human being.
Which agency in the criminal justice system is responsible for the adjudication of the
case if Samantha has beenarrested and charged with the crime of murder?
A. Police
B. Courts
C. Corrections
D. Legislature
A grand jury is ordinarily made up of five or seven individuals, depending on the
requirements of the jurisdiction, which guarantees no ties in the decision process.
a. True
b. False
Victim”offender mediation programs are used worldwide and in the United States are
often employed in schools.
a. True
b. False
CASE 13.1
A man is arrested for a violent crime. The date is November 11, 1822. Given this
information, answer the following questions.
The inmate was housed in a correctional environment that mandated Bible study and
in-cell work. He is most likely housed in the:
a. Pennsylvania system.
b. Auburn system.
c. New York system.
d. Alabama system.
The _____ was created in 1326 under the watch system of policing to assist the shire
reeve incontrolling the county.
a. Deputy position
b. Constable position
c. Bobbie position
d. Justice of the peace
Which of the following is false regarding beliefs underlying community policing?
a. Patrol by car is an essential tool of community policing.
b. Officers should return to a style of policing that involves contact with the people
theyserve.
c. Community relations and crime control effectiveness cannot be the charge of a
fewspecialized police units.
d. Community policing has been a response to officers’ frustration with the lack
ofcommunity support.
Which is the following was not a problem faced by the police during the 1960s?
a. Skyrocketing crime rates
b. Pressure from police reform groups such as the IACP
c. Vietnam protests
d. Race riots
The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) is a federal agency charged
withinvestigating suspicious auto insurance claims.
a. True
b. False
Which arrangement in early English society required that every person in a village
beresponsible for protecting the settlement from thieves?
a. The runner system
b. Community policing
c. The pledge system
d. The watch system
One goal of the substantive criminal law is to express public opinion and morality.
a. True
b. False
A(n) _____________ occurs when a police officer takes a person into custody or
deprives aperson of freedom for having allegedly committed a criminal offense.
a. Arrest
b. Search
c. Warrantless search
d. Seizure
A judge’s decision telling jurors to acquit a defendant because the state has not proved
the elements of the crime or otherwise has not established guilt is called a directed
verdict.
a. True
b. False
How does the media-depicted version of policing differ from reality?
Answer:Answers will vary.
A juvenile’s first appearance before a juvenile judge is called the _________________.
Compare and contrast the different methods for imposing a sentence in the United
States and provide examples for each. How does good time affect this process?
Answer:Answers will vary.
__________________ are referred to as individuals who either are denied bail or
cannot afford to post bail before trial and are kept in secure confinement.
The birthplace of the modern prison system and of the Pennsylvania system of solitary
confinement was at a dwelling named the ____________________.
Explain some of the difficulties in running a super-maximum-security prison.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Explain the rules for serving warrants. What are some common misconceptions?
Answer:Answers will vary.
An order of the superior court requesting that a record of an inferior court be brought
forward for review or inspection is called a(n) __________.
The medieval practice of ________________ allowed for convicted offenders to go
unpunished if they agreed to refrain from any further criminal behavior.
Explain the psychodynamic theory of crime.
Answer:Answers will vary.
Explain some of the ethical issues involved in DNA collection and profiling.
Answer:Answers will vary.
The Federal courts have not found it necessary to rule on the issue of
_______________ for juveniles because liberal statutory release provisions act as
alternatives.
The purpose of the criminal__________________ is to gather enough evidence to
identify a suspect and support alegal arrest.
In your opinion, which Amendment of the Bill of Rights related to criminal procedure is
most important to the operation of the criminal justice system? Why?
Answer:Answers will vary.
The hearing in which a judge decides to waive a juvenile to adult court is called a
____________________.
____________________ gives the police the ability to analyze detailed visuals of
crimepatterns.
____________________ programs, are balanced, highly structured, comprehensive
continuums of intervention for serious and violent juvenile offenders returning to the
community.