The central goal of the community corrections approach is that of:
a. crime control
b. reintegration
c. curing crime
d. incarceration
e. deterrence
Which of the following is not a major duty of the police?
a. keeping the peace
b. apprehending violators and combating crime
c. preventing crime
d. providing social services
e. ensuring that offenders receive adequate sentences
Which of the following statements concerning race and crime victims is TRUE?
a. Most violent crime is interracial.
b. Whites are most likely to be victims of violent crime.
c. Most victims and offenders are from different social classes.
d. Whites are not fearful of being victimized by black strangers.
e. African-Americans and other minorities are most likely to be victims of violent
crimes.
Liz Rowell is prosecuting Gene Huewit for first degree rape of a child and incest. The
victim is a 7 year old female who was brought to the emergency room with bleeding
and bruising. The lead detective learned that Mr. Huewit is the victim’s uncle and has
been molesting her for the last two months.
During the trial, Ms. Rowell presents to the court various photos of bruising on the
victim’s buttocks and legs. This type of evidence is referred to as:
a. direct evidence
b. circumstantial evidence
c. real evidence
d. demonstrative evidence
e. testimony
_________________ theories postulate that criminal behavior occurs when the bonds
that tie and individual to society are broken or weakened.
a. Control
b. Labeling
c. Feminist
d. Integrated
e. Anomie
Which federal program was designed to provide training and financial incentives for
college graduates to work as local police officers?
a. Police Corps
b. Police Education Commission
c. US Police Incentive Corps
d. US Police Operations Initiative
e. US Police Incentive Corp
Lynn is a college student who became frustrated with the small amount of money she
was making as an associate in a retail store. A friend suggested that she consider
working in the “escort” business. Lynn later became a prostitute who catered to high
end clients. She is able to pay tuition and buy many of the items that she wants. Lynn
was recently arrested during a sting operation targeting interstate organized crime
syndicates, of which Lynn had become involved.
Proponents of the lifestyle-exposure model would argue that, even though Lynn
considers her activities as victimless, which of the following could be a negative result
of her choice?
a. She could be charged with a felony
b. Her age would affect the amount of money she would make
c. Her reputation could be tarnished
d. She dramatically increases her likelihood of becoming a victim of violent crime
e. Since the actions are victimless her actions have no negative results
Who determines whether a prisoner’s sentence may be reduced for good behavior?
a. judge
b. prosecutor
c. state supreme court
d. prison administrator
e. governor of the state
At the ____________________, suspects are informed of the charges against them and
advised of their rights.
a. Arraignment
b. Trial
c. preliminary hearing
d. Prison
e. plea bargain
About ____ percent of criminal cases are heard by juries.
a. 5
b. 15
c. 25
d. 50
e. 80
Two men from Middle Eastern decent were stopped by TSA agents. They were patted
down and asked why they were traveling with only one bag for an international flight.
They replied that they were going home for summer break after attending college in the
US and that everything they need was at home. The TSA agents began to panic.
The first thing the TSA agent required was that both patrons would need to go through:
a. plain x rays
b. backscatter x rays
c. scanners
d. naked scanners
e. red ion scanner
Increasing the number of patrol officers in a given area has been found to significantly
reduce the crime rate in that area.
Which of the following most accurately describes the discretion given to a prosecutor?
a. limited discretion
b. no discretion
c. broad discretion
d. relative discretion
e. supervised discretion
Doug Kants has been adjudicated guilty on four counts of vandalism. During his late
day crime spree, he spray painted and toilet paper rolled four of his teacher’s homes.
This is the first time he has been in trouble, and is set to attend a state supported college
in the fall.
Kants is sentenced to 3 years of probation. He is required to talk to a group of juvenile
offenders as one of his:
a. punishments
b. plea bargains
c. conditions
d. elements
e. presentence requirements
Because of large profits, organized crime groups have been involved in the
counterfeiting of ___________ drugs.
a. Illegal
b. Prescription
c. Narcotic
d. Over-the-counter
e. Banned
Which of the following would NOT be a condition of probation?
a. drug testing
b. obeying curfew
c. truancy
d. staying away from certain people
e. maintaining employment
The George County Subdivison has decided to form a neighborhood watch program to
combat recent criminal activity. Luke Smith has been chosen as the chairperson for this
organization. Mr. Smith felt it would be proactive to invite representatives from the
local police department for their input so they can fight this problem together.
Law enforcement representatives informed Mr. Smith that they had recently received a
grant from a governmental agency to acquire additional community officers. The
agency is known as:
a. Office of Governmental Grants for Police
b. COPS
c. Office of Community Outreach Services
d. Office of Law Enforcement Advancement
e. Office of Corrections
Which of the following is a characteristic of watchman style of policing?
a. ignoring minor violations of the law
b. broad discretionary ability
c. sometimes produces discrimination
d. make arrest for flagrant violations
e. all of the these
Which of the following is one way in which prisons in the southern U.S. differed from
those in the Northeast?
a. Southern prisons used the contract labor system.
b. The use of reformatories began in the South, then spread to the Northeast.
c. The lease system was frequently used in southern prisons.
d. The first prisons for women were in the south.
e. The South built many more prisons than the northern states following the Civil War.
Which of the following statements is not consistent with the model of professional
policing?
a. Laws should be enforced equally.
b. Police forces should use new technology.
c. Police forces should be actively involved in politics.
d. Personnel procedures should be based on merit.
e. The main task of the police should be fighting crime.
The US Supreme Court ruled that a judge or jury must take into account specific
aggravating and mitigating factors before deciding which convicted murderers should
be sentenced to death.
a. Furman v. Georgia (1972)
b. Gregg v. Georgia (1976)
c. McCleskey v. Kemp (1987)
d. Payne v. Tennessee (1991)
e. Ford v. Wainwright (1986)
When an offender leaves prison, which is not something they would receive:
a. clothes
b. money
c. list of rules of conditional release
d. name and address of parole officer
e. apartment
Wendy Cummings is a 34 year old black female who kills both her children by
strangulation after reporting that she heard voices saying the devil made her do it. She
does not have a history of psychiatric disorders. When the officers arrest her, she states
that she will kill every one of them as well.
After the sentence, Wendy wants her attorney to appeal based upon racial disparity. Her
judge tries to explain to her that there has been a legal precedent established in:
a. Roper v. Simmons (2005)
b. Furman v. Georgia (1972)
c. Gregg v. Georgia (1976)
d. McCleskey v. Kemp (1987)
e. Singer v. Sang (2001)
Which of the following must police officers seeking a warrant present to a judge?
a. arrest
b. affidavit
c. affluence
d. affinity
e. testament
This type of sentencing releases the offender back into the community after a short
incarceration period:
a. probation
b. shock probation
c. intensive probation
d. supervisory probation
e. incentive probation
Average pay for correctional officers in southern, rural states is:
a. $22,000
b. $25,000
c. $28,000
d. $30,000
e. $32,000
State parole boards are typically composed of citizens who are appointed for fixed
terms in office by the:
a. secretary of corrections
b. prison warden
c. governor
d. parole advisory committee
e. none of these
Dominic Allen was recently cited for a traffic ticket for going 55 in a 45. Mr. Allen is a
nationally known neurosurgeon and was driving his newest model Lexus LS. Mr. Allen
was driving home approximately two miles from his upscale home. When the officer
pulled him over, the officer immediately asked him what was someone like him doing
in the given location in such a vehicle.
Mr. Allen immediately asked the officer why he was given a ticket. The officer
responded by stating that Mr. Allen was speeding and deserved the ticket.. This is an
example of:
a. Prejudice
b. Racial profiling
c. Disparity
d. Discrimination
e. None of these
Which of the following ultimately happens to most defendants whose charges are not
dropped?
a. they go to trial
b. they plead guilty
c. they are found innocent
d. they are found not guilty by reason of insanity
e. they are acquitted
Which of the following is NOT an element of Packer’s due process model of criminal
justice?
a. the adversarial process
b. rights of defendants
c. conviction rate of criminal prosecutions
d. formal decision-making procedures
e. decisions based on reliable information
Susan Frye has been recently hired by the Bellview Police Department as a patrol
officer. She has completed an associate degree and basic law enforcement training. She
would like to continue her education by acquiring a bachelor’s degree in order to be
qualified should promotional opportunities become available. Susan aspires to one day
be the chief of police for Bellview.
Susan has completed the basic requirement to become an officer in her municipality. As
she begins working within the department, she will learn the informal rule of the
department from the other seasoned officers. This process is known as:
a. Subculture
b. Socialization
c. Working personality
d. Process
e. Cohesiveness
Sue Jackson was recently pulled over by a local law enforcement agency. She was not
sure why she was being pulled over. When the officer approached the car, he informed
Sue that he was going to search the car. The officer did not find anything until he
opened a backpack that was her brothers. When the officers opened the backpack, he
found two rocks of crack cocaine. Sue was immediately arrested and is currently
awaiting a court date.
After Sue’s arrest the car was impounded. What type of search must be completed of the
car?
a. Inventory
b. Itemized
c. Special
d. Consistent
Tom Helms recently moved into a new neighborhood after being found guilty of
statutory rape and indecent liberties with a minor. Tom was sentence to 3 years of
incarceration, which ended up being 18 months and then parole. He has to register as a
sex offender for the rest of his life, even though the said crimes were with his 16 year
old girlfriend and he was 20 at the time of the charges.
Tom will have conditions to his parole. Which of the following would not likely to be
conditions to his parole?
a. do not contact the victim
b. attain gainful employment
c. weekly drug testing
d. maintain sex offender registry
e. volunteer at local elementary school
The approach to policing that involves assigning priorities to various calls for service is
known as:
a. incident-driven policing
b. clearance rate
c. differential response
d. line functions
e. preventive patrol
The George County Subdivison has decided to form a neighborhood watch program to
combat recent criminal activity. Luke Smith has been chosen as the chairperson for this
organization. Mr. Smith felt it would be proactive to invite representatives from the
local police department for their input so they can fight this problem together.
It appears that the George County Subdivision Community would support this style of
law enforcement:
a. Watchman
b. Legalistic
c. Service
d. Specific
d. All of the above
The legally binding restrictions placed on parolees’ conduct in exchange for their
release are known as ____________________.
The conditional release of an offender from incarceration is called
____________________.
In the United States, the growth of cities led to pressures to modernize law
enforcement.
The process of ____________________extended portions of the Bill of Rights to the
states.
Traditional probation is a type of intermediate sanction.
________ __ ________ was the court case that ruled that deadly force may not be used
against an unarmed and fleeing suspect.
___________________ probation is granted under conditions of strict reporting to a
probation officer.
____________________ criminology maintains that human behavior is controlled by
physical, mental, and social factors.
The _______ _______ system allows provides legal services to indigent defendants for
a specific dollar amount.
____________________ release occurs when an inmate has served his or her time.
The administration of prisons is part of the ____________________ branch of
government.
Your text discusses several problems with the bail system in the United States. Identify
the most serious problem and explain why this problem is so serious. Imagine you are a
lawmaker in your state. How might you recommend that this problem be fixed?
Answer:Responses will vary
The stop and frisk exception based upon the Terry v Ohio (1968) case is considered a
____________________search.
Compared to the number of offenders who break state criminal laws, relatively few
offenders violate federal criminal laws.
Defendants must state they made their pleas voluntarily in order for them to be accepted
by judge.
Trial judges and other authorities are ruled to have acted correctly in about
____________________ percent of appeals.
_______ ______ _______is the computerization of court records, done to reduce
reliance on paper documents.
________ is a punishment goal inflicted on a person who has harmed others and so
deserves to be penalized.
The ____________ was a nineteenth-century institution for young offenders that
emphasized training.
Most inmates serve their terms in isolation cells.