The juvenile justice system in the United States did not develop until the late 19th and
early 20th centuries.
a. True
b. False
As the status of women changes some believe that the women will commit more
crimes.
a. True
b. False
The educational level of new police recruits is a factor that influences who applies to be
a law enforcement officer.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following principles should be used to make bail decisions?
a. Accused offenders are entitled to release on their own recognizance.
b. Nonfinancial alternatives to bail should be avoided at all costs.
c. Reasons for bail decisions must not be made known to the parties involved.
d. Review of bail determinations can be made sporadically.
Criminal justice agencies are not dependent on others for funding.
a. True
b. False
After the 1960s, the changes in how our country dealt with crime reflected the fact that
a. political agendas controlled the response to crime.
b. we cannot avoid making choices about how to use the police, courts, and corrections
system most effectively.
c. population changes in specific age groups alter crime rates.
d. one cannot predict legislative changes in crime.
Some states allow victims to make statements at parole board hearings.
a. True
b. False
A temporary release from prison to renew family ties and relieve tensions of
confinement is called a
a. supermax
b. halfway house
c. ticket of leave
d. furlough
The Quakers of Pennsylvania were instrumental in prison reform.
a. True
b. False
Misdemeanor courts usually can only impose sentences of 1 year or less in jail.
a. True
b. False
The courts have generally upheld the view that ignorance of the law is not an excuse for
committing an illegal act, but if an accused person has made a(n) _________, that may
serve as a defense.
a. mistake of fact
b. mistake of intoxication
c. exception of infancy
d. mistake of duress
Which two elements of police work define the working personality?
a. Danger and authority
b. Danger and isolation
c. Danger and independence
d. Authority and isolation
One bureaucratic element which distinguishes police organizations is the chain of
command.
a. True
b. False
Legislators write and approve laws in their desire to address problems, please the
public, and gain reelection.
a. True
b. False
In the United States, the law may be interpreted differently in various states.
a. True
b. False
For which claimed freedom or right have prisoners been least successful in persuading
federal courts to provide protection?
a. Freedom of speech
b. Freedom of religion
c. Right against unreasonable search and seizure
d. Right against cruel and unusual punishment
Will is a 15 year-old boy who was just arrested for truancy and shoplifting. He has
never been in trouble before. He participated in the crime due to peer pressure from his
friends who made fun of him for being “too good.” Will’s parents are terrified that his
poor decision making will ruin his future.
Will’s case will most likely begin with a referral in the form of a(n)
a. diversion.
b. detention hearing.
c. adjudication.
d. petition.
Police are mainly reactive when they respond to citizen calls reporting criminal activity.
a. True
b. False
Under the ______ system, inmates were “loaned” to contractors who provided the
prisoners with food and clothing in exchange for their labor.
a. lease
b. contract labor
c. exchange
d. “Good Samaritan”
Which is contained in the Fourth Amendment?
a. Right to bear arms
b. Privilege against self-incrimination
c. Right to an attorney
d. Warrant clause
Congress and President George W. Bush sought to increase the government’s
effectiveness by creating new federal agencies.
a. True
b. False
After deciding that a case should be filed against an offender, the next step of the
prosecutor is to determine
a. whether to seek the death penalty.
b. which charges to file against the offender.
c. whether the evidence was collected in accordance with constitutional regulations.
d. whether the police used excessive force in apprehending the offender.
David has worked for his municipal police department for 10 years. He has seen his fair
share of homicide and rape victims. He remembers a the time when he used to be
excited to hear the next call for service. Currently, he dreads to hear the radio calls for
assistance. David tries to remember that he is keeping his community safe by
performing his job. He also remembers that he has a family of his own he wants to keep
safe as well.
Because David has worked in his municipal police department for 10 years, he has
grown accustomed to the symbols, beliefs, and customs of his the department. This is
often referred to as the
a. socialization.
b. subculture.
c. working personality.
d. authority.
Community members do not have any responsibility for ex-offenders released into their
neighborhoods.
a. True
b. False
If an individual consents to a search, officers do not need probable cause or any level of
suspicion to justify the search.
a. True
b. False
The reintegration model is not linked to the structures and goals of community
corrections.
a. True
b. False
Funding for homeland security issues generally comes from money supporting
community policing.
a. True
b. False
Sherry is a 40-year-old white female who frequently participates in prostitution to earn
money for her crack habit. She was raised in a single-parent home and has been selling
herself for the last 18 years. She has been arrested several times and has no hope that
she can make a better life for herself.
Frustrated by the police constantly harassing her, Sherry decides take active measures
by targeting local officials with similar treatment. Sherry goes too far, however and kills
the city mayor. Which type of crime would this be?
a. Victimless crime
b. Political crime
c. Occupation crime
d. Organized crime
Labeling is an example of a social process theory.
a. True
b. False
Civil disabilities might include the inability to do the following except:
a. vote.
b. haveaccess to the public library.
c. enter certain professions.
d. live in certain area, such as close to schools.
A conditional sentence allowing the offender to serve the sanctions imposed by the
court while having free movement within the community is called _____.
___________ are police employees who have taken an oath and been given powers by
the state to make arrests and use necessary force, in accordance with their duties.
____________________ and ____________________ are the two largest and most
important units in a police department.
Compare the steps in the criminal trial to the steps in plea bargaining.
_______ are the gateway through which information and individuals enter the justice
system.
The U.S. Supreme Court has determined that cruel and unusual punishment must be
based on the _____ in the institution.
Get-tough polices are associated with the ____ model of corrections.
Discuss the importance of the right to a speedy and public trial?
Discuss the impacts of budgetary constraints on community policing.
Courts that do not try criminal cases but hear appeals are called
____________________ courts.
Discuss why many criticsbelieve that boot camps have failed in their attempt to ‘scare
offenders straight.”
Elaborate through the use of examples, three instances in which officers would not need
a warrant to search.
Compare and contrast two of the following three explanations for criminal behavior:
– Biological
– Psychological
– Sociological
The doctrine of _______ means the state is the parent and guardian of all citizens who
are unable to protect themselves.
Although most people believe the U.S. court system is adversarial, in reality, the judge,
prosecutor, and defense attorney work together to move cases through the system. What
implications does this system have for a defendant’s due process rights?
Cooper v. Pate (1964) ended the hands-off doctrine, allowing inmates to be able to sue.
Was this a wise court decision? Why or why not? Can we limit the endless, frivolous
lawsuits that this ruling encouraged?
Some law enforcement executives have been concerned that the increased focus on
homeland security and fighting terrorism has diverted funding from local police
agencies. Do you believe that we are ignoring problems in our own country while trying
to fight terrorism? Discuss your opinion, and why you feel that way.
Justices must be confirmed by the ______.
____________________ assigns resources so as to obtain the largest number of arrests.
Defendants state their pleas (guilty or not guilty) at the ____________________.