Which federal agency is responsible for managing the database of DNA profiles of
offenders?
a. Drug Enforcement Administration
b. U.S. Secret Service
c. U.S. Customs
d. Federal Bureau of Investigation
Which of the following is a civil suit brought against federal government officials for
denying the constitutional rights to life, liberty, or property without due process of law?
a. 1983 lawsuit
b. Federal Rehabilitation Act
c. Federal Tort Claims Act
d. Bivens action
What is the most common form of larceny?
a. stealing motor vehicle parts
b. pocket picking
c. stealing from coin-operated machines
d. purse snatching
Probation is sanctioned by the ________.
a. parole board
b. victim
c. investigating officer
d. court
Murder, rape, and robbery all fall under what branch of modern law?
a. substantive criminal law
b. common law
c. administrative law
d. procedural criminal law
Which of the following intermediate sanctions exposes offenders to a highly regimented
environment involving strict discipline, physical training, and hard labor?
a. shock probation
b. intensive probation
c. shock incarceration
d. mixed sentencing
________ is the earliest known rationale for punishment.
a. Retribution
b. Incapacitation
c. Rehabilitation
d. Restoration
Courts that have the authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to
have ________.
a. appellate jurisdiction
b. original jurisdiction
c. limited jurisdiction
d. special jurisdiction
In 1979, ________ was the eighth index crime to be added to the UCR’s Crime Index.
a. arson
b. motor vehicle theft
c. robbery
d. murder
Approximately how many law enforcement agencies provide crime data to the FBI for
the UCR?
a. 50,000
b. 100,000
c. 30,000
d. 18,000
The lawful authority of a court to hear cases that arise within a specified geographic
area or that involve particular kinds of law violations is known as ________.
a. limited jurisdiction
b. appellate jurisdiction
c. original jurisdiction
d. special jurisdiction
Bernard Madoff’s operation of a Ponzi scheme is an example of ________.
a. white-collar crime
b. terrorist attack
c. grand theft
d. felonious assault
Correctional systems can prevent the transmission of AIDS through ________.
a. vaccinations
b. education
c. good nutrition
d. punishment of HIV-positive prisoners
________ are generally more serious than ________, but less serious than ________.
a. Misdemeanors; offenses; felonies
b. Felonies; misdemeanors; offenses
c. Misdemeanors; felonies; offenses
d. Offenses; misdemeanors; felonies
An officer knocks on the door of a suspected drug dealer, who invites the officer into
the house. While in the kitchen, the officer notices a marijuana plant on the windowsill.
The officer may legally seize the plant under the ________ doctrine.
a. emergency search of property
b. good-faith
c. plain-view
d. emergency search of a person
In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court recognize the need for
emergency searches without a warrant?
a. Arkansas v. Sanders
b. Mincey v. Arizona
c. Maryland v. Buie
d. Warden v. Hayden
Approximately what percentage of states use grand juries as part of the pretrial process?
a. 30%
b. 50%
c. 100%
d. 20%
Define and explain the 1996 Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA). Why was this act
needed? Who benefitted from the passage of this act? Be comprehensive in your
response.
Which Supreme Court case set the precedent that disciplinary actions by prison officials
could NOT be brought against the inmates without appropriate due process?
a. Vitek v. Jones
b. Ponte v. Real
c. Wolff v. McDonnell
d. Ruiz v.Estelle
Which of the following Supreme Court cases diminished the scope of the exclusionary
rule?
a. Hayes v. Florida
b. Illinois v. Rodriguez
c. Aguilar v. Texas
d. Miranda v. Arizona
Which of the following authorizes an inmate’s claims against the United States for
money damages, for injury or loss of property caused by the negligent or wrongful act
or omission of any employee in the government while acting within the scope of his
office or employment?
a. Prison Litigation Reform Act
b. Federal Tort Claims Act
c. Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act
d. Civil Rights Act
Which of the following is NOT a recommendation by the Task Force on the Female
Offender to address the problems of imprisoned women?
a. Female offenders should be housed in buildings with male inmates.
b. Substance-abuse programs should be available to female inmates.
c. Female inmates need to acquire greater literacy skills.
d. Literacy programs should form the basis on which other programs are built.
A child who has no parents or whose parents are unable to care for him or her is called
a(n) ________.
a. dependent child
b. undisciplined child
c. neglected child
d. abused child
The federal Speedy Trial Act allows for the dismissal of charges when the prosecution
does not seek indictment within 30 days of arrest, or when a trial does not begin within
________ working days after indictment.
a. 70
b. 180
c. 90
d. 120
According to a 1992 government-sponsored study, only ________ percent of forcible
rapes were reported to the police.
a. 41
b. 5
c. 34
d. 16
Which of the following statements is false regarding the role of the judge in the
courtroom work group?
a. The judge is responsible for presenting the state’s case against the defendant.
b. If a guilty verdict has been returned, the judge is responsible for imposing a sentence.
c. The judge holds ultimate authority in ruling on matters of law.
d. The primary duty of a judge is to ensure justice.
Barker and Carter describe acts of corruption that occur most often to further the
organizational goals of law enforcement, as ________.
a. meat eating
b. abuse of authority
c. occupational deviance
d. grass eating
The socialization of new inmates into the prison subculture is called ________.
a. administration
b. prisonization
c. neutralization
d. adaptation
Which state was the first to centralize its state police force?
a. South Carolina
b. Pennsylvania
c. Georgia
d. North Carolina
Bob’s wallet was stolen while eating lunch at the university cafeteria. When the man
who stole his wallet was caught, Bob opted to resolve the case informally at a
________.
a. community court
b. criminal justice center
c. dispute-resolution center
d. deferral court
Probable cause is ________.
a. a precedent-setting term concerned with the use of undercover operations
b. a police procedural issue concerned with the use of deadly force
c. a legal explanation for the use of interrogation as a means to elicit a confession
d. a set of facts that cause a reasonable person to believe that a person committed a
specific crime
The ________ is a two-sided structure under which the American criminal trial court
operates that pits the prosecution against the defense.
a. election system
b. appointment system
c. grand jury system
d. adversarial system
In which U.S. Supreme Court case was the Court’s authority as the final interpreter of
the U.S. Constitution established?
a. Sell v.U.S
b. U.S. v. Hazzard
c. U.S v.Montalvo-Murillo
d. Marbury v. Madison
Which Supreme Court case held that overcrowding in prisons is not by itself cruel and
unusual punishment?
a. Rhodes v. Chapman
b. Bell v. Wolfish
c. Schall v. Martin
d. Holt v. Sarver
Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole v. Scott declined to extend the
exclusionary rule to searches conducted by ________ even when such searches yield
evidence.
a. probation officers
b. parole officers
c. police officers
d. prosecutors
McNabb v. U.S.established that defendants have to exhaust appeals in a state court
system before seeking federal relief.
In 2005, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a decision that rendered the federal sentencing
guidelines merely advisory.
Information compiled, analyzed, and/or disseminated in an effort to anticipate, prevent,
or monitor criminal activity is known as the police subculture.
Most UCR/NIBRS information is reported as a rate of crime.
The clearance rate of any crime refers to the proportion of reported crimes that have
been solved.
Bullying in our school systems has become a national problem. The author lists a
number of possible warning signs that a child is being bullied. List and comment on
these signs. Explain your opinions on how to prevent bullying and what to do upon
discovery that it is happening.
The key to community policing is a partnership between the police and the community.
Adjudicatory hearings for juveniles are similar to adult trials, with some notable
exceptions. List and define three of those differences and compare them to adult trials.
Comment on your belief as to the most important of these differences that benefit
juveniles.
A mixed sentence is a sentencing alternative that requires offenders to spend at least
part of their time working for a community agency.
Actus reus means “guilty act.”
Civil justice concerns itself with fairness in relationships among citizens, government
agencies, and businesses in private matters.
Compare and contrast the four main components of the pre-trial part of the criminal
justice system.
Describe three significant court cases that have had an impact on the practice of
probation and parole since the 1970s.
The privatization of prisons began in the early 1960s.
All persons are guaranteed due process rights under the U.S. Constitution, which
mandates that justice system officials respect the rights of accused individuals
throughout the criminal justice process. Define due process and comment on the three
requirements found in most areas of due process.
As defenses, justifications claim a kind of moral high ground. Justifications may be
offered by people who find themselves forced to choose between “two evils.” Generally
speaking, conduct that a person believes is necessary to avoid harm to him or to another
is justifiable if the harm he is trying to avoid is greater than the harm the law defining
the offense seeks to avoid. Define and comment on three of the six categories that are
applicable to this defense. Analyze their good and bad points.
Sexual aggressors in prison have themselves suffered much damage to their masculinity
in the past.