The concentric fringes, formed when a curved lens is placed on an optical flat, are
called
A) Galileo circles.
B) Newton’s rings.
C) Young’s rings.
D) Faraday’s circles.
E) Maxwell circles.
Suppose that a particle is trapped in a box. How does the spacing in energy between
adjacent energy levels change as the quantum number identifying a level increases?
A) The spacing decreases.
B) The spacing alternately increases and decreases, depending on whether the wave
function is a sine or a cosine function.
C) The spacing remains constant.
D) The spacing increases.
FIGURE 2-4
During the first 8 s in Fig. 2-4,
A) the magnitude of the acceleration of D is greater than the magnitude of the
acceleration of C.
B) the magnitude of the acceleration of C is greater than the magnitude of the
acceleration of D.
C) their accelerations are equal in magnitude, but opposite in sign.
D) their accelerations are equal in magnitude, and equal in sign.
E) D is speeding up while C is slowing down
James is listening to the same tone coming from two speakers, one 3.49 m away and the
other 3.10 m distant. At his position the two tones destructively interfere.
(a) What is the largest possible wavelength of the tone?
(b) If the air temperature is 30.°C, what is the lowest possible frequency?
After seeing a flash of lightning, if one counts the seconds before hearing the thunder,
one can estimate the distance to the flash. How many seconds delay
(a) per mile?
(b) per kilometer?
The mass of a proton is 1.6726 x 10-27 kg and the mass of a neutron is 1.6606 x 10-27
kg. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the
mass of this nucleus to be
A) equal to (1.6726 + 1.6606) 10-27 kg.
B) less than (1.6726 + 1.6606) 10-27 kg.
C) greater than (1.6726 + 1.6606) 10-27 kg.
Classical theory predicted that the photocurrent, of the photoelectric effect, should be
proportional to the
A) frequency of light.
B) wavelength of light.
C) intensity of light.
D) electric field magnitude.
What temperature exists inside a solar collector (effective collection area of 15 m2) on a
bright sunny day when the outside temperature is +20.°C? Assume that the collector is
thermally insulated, that the sun irradiates the collector with a power per unit area of
600 W/m2, and that the collector acts as a perfect black body.
A) 107°C
B) 154°C
C) 93°C
D) 73°C
E) 33°C
A planet is discovered to orbit around a star in the galaxy Andromeda, with the same
orbital diameter as the Earth around our sun. If that star has 4 times the mass of our sun,
what will the period of revolution of that new planet be, compared to the Earth’s orbital
period?
A) four times as much
B) one-half as much
C) one-fourth as much
D) twice as much
E) times as much
In an MRI medical imaging apparatus, the patient is subject to what kind of “radiation”?
A) gamma rays
B) X-rays
C) radio
D) alpha radiation
E) beta rays
What happens to the cyclotron frequency of a charged particle if its speed doubles?
A) It triples.
B) It does not change.
C) It halves.
D) It is times as big.
E) It doubles.
Light of wavelength 550. nm in air is found to travel at 1.96 x 108 m/s in a certain
liquid.
(a) Determine the index of refraction of the liquid.
(b) Determine the frequency of the light in air.
The Schwarzchild radius of a black hole is that radial distance from the center of a
sphere within which not even light can escape. It was first discovered mathematically
by Schwarzchild in 1916 after Einstein published his general relativity theory. It can be
calculated from a star’s mass M as: R = 2GM/c2. If the mass of star G is twice as much
as the mass of star H, the average density of star G compared to star H will be
A) twice as much.
B) half as much.
C) four times as much.
D) one-fourth as much.
E) eight times as much.
Which Uranium isotope is the most commonly occurring isotope?
A) U-235
B) U-236
C) U-237
D) U-238
E) U-239
FIGURE 17-2
Fig. 17-2 is a symbol for which of the following?
A) capacitor
B) battery
C) resistor
D) switch
E) voltmeter
FIGURE 18-13
See Fig. 18-13. Given R1 = 18. Ω, R2 = 44. Ω, R3 = 33. Ω, R4 = 14. Ω, R5 = 12. Ω, V1
= 18. volts, and V2 = 12. volts:
(a) determine I1.
(b) determine I2.
A container of water is lifted vertically 3.0 m, then returned to its original position. If
the total weight is 30. N, how much work was done?
A) 0.18 kJ
B) 45 J
C) 90 J
D) No work was done.
E) 0.90 kJ
Fred swings around a 0.40 kg ball attached to a string at constant speed in an almost
horizontal circle of radius 1.3 meters. If one revolution takes 1.4 s:
(a) What is the angular speed of the ball?
(b) What centripetal force is exerted on the ball?
A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temperature. This
process is
A) isothermal.
B) isometric.
C) isobaric.
D) adiabatic.
E) isentropic.
If you are measuring the mass of an elephant, the most appropriate SI unit is the
A) megagram.
B) kilogram.
C) gram.
D) milligram.
E) microgram.
In a Nb nucleus, the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons is
A) 41, 52, 93.
B) 41, 52, 52.
C) 41, 52, 41.
D) 41, 52, 0.
E) 52, 41, 0.
A light bulb operating at a voltage of 120 V has a resistance of 200 Ω. What is the
power?
A) 100 W
B) 60 W
C) 72 W
D) 14 x 10-3 W
E) 7.2 W
FIGURE 6-1
In Figure 6-1, an Olympic diver dives off the high-diving platform.
See Fig. 6-1. The magnitude of his momentum will be a maximum at which point (A,
B, C, or D)?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
“Absolute Zero” is what temperature on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales respectively?
A) -459°C, -273°F
B) -273°C, -212°F
C) -212°C, -273°F
D) -273°C, -459°F
E) 0°C, 459°F
A 30.0-kg child sits on one end of a long uniform beam with a mass 20.0 kg and a
40.0-kg child sits on the other end. The beam balances when a fulcrum is placed below
the beam a distance 1.10 m from the 30.0-kg child. How long is the beam?
A) 2.12 m
B) 1.98 m
C) 1.93 m
D) 2.07 m
E) 2.20 m
The ratio R at which paint can be sprayed from a spray gun may be expressed as R = a ∙
t. If R is measured in m3/ s, and time is measured in seconds, what are the units of “a”?
A) m3
B) m3s
C) m3 s3
D) m3/s
E) m3/s2
A negative charge, if free, tries to move
A) toward infinity.
B) from low potential to high potential.
C) away from infinity.
D) from high potential to low potential.
If a person’s eyeball is too short from front to back, the person is likely to suffer from
A) astigmatism.
B) spherical aberration.
C) farsightedness.
D) nearsightedness.
E) chromatic aberration.
A roller coaster car is on a track that forms a circular loop in the vertical plane. If the
car is to just maintain contact with track at the top of the loop, what is the minimum
value for its centripetal acceleration at this point?
A) g downward
B) 2 g upward
C) 0.5 g downward
D) g upward
E) 2 g downward
The melting point of aluminum is 660°C, the latent heat of fusion is 4.00 x 105 J/kg,
and its specific heat is 900 J/(kg K). How much heat must be added to 500 g of
aluminum at 27°C to completely melt it?
A) 485 kJ
B) 395 kJ
C) 273 kJ
D) 147 kJ
E) 14 kJ
A proton has a speed of 3.0 x 106 m/s in a direction perpendicular to a uniform
magnetic field, and the proton moves in a circle of radius 0.20 m. What is the
magnitude of the magnetic field?
A) 0.040 T
B) 0.080 T
C) 0.16 T
D) 0.24 T
E) 0.32 T
Suppose that in a certain collection of nuclei there were initially 1024 nuclei and 20
minutes later there was only one nuclei left, the others having decayed. On the basis of
this information, how many nuclei would you estimate decayed in the first 6 minutes?
A thick-walled metal pipe of length 20 cm has an inside diameter of 2.0 cm and an
outside diameter of 2.4 cm. What is the total surface area of the pipe, counting the
ends?
Given 4 tuning forks of frequency 446, 440, 443, and 449 Hz, how many different beat
frequencies could be produced and what are they?
A particle initially moving with a velocity 2 m/s experiences a constant acceleration of
1 m/s2 in the +x-direction and -2 m/s2 in the y-direction. What are the velocity
components of the particle after 4 s?
Determine the number of significant figures in 100.01 x 103 meters.
A deuteron has the same charge as an electron but approximately twice a proton’s mass.
Suppose deuterons are accelerated in a cyclotron in an orbit of 750. mm at a frequency
of 8.00 MHz. What magnetic field is needed?
Consider a bus designed to obtain its motive power from a large rotating flywheel
(1400. kg of diameter 1.5 m) that is periodically brought up to its maximum speed of
3600. rpm by an electric motor at the terminal. If the bus requires an average power of
12. kilowatts, how long will it operate between recharges?
Contrast Aristotle’s predictions concerning free-falling bodies with Galileo’s
predictions.
An electron is confined to a one-dimensional box of width 0.10 nm, about the size of an
atom. What is its energy, in eV, in the ground state?
Suppose that the speed of an electron traveling 1.0 km/s is known to an accuracy of 1
part in 105 (i.e., within 0.01%). What is the greatest possible accuracy within which we
can determine the position of this electron?
Atoms in crystals are typically separated by distances of 0.10 nm. What KE must an
electron have, in eV, in order to have a wavelength of 0.10 nm?
A beam of light passes through a polarizer and then an analyzer. In this process, the
intensity of the light transmitted is reduced to 10% of the intensity incident on the
analyzer. What is the angle between the axes of the polarizer and the analyzer?
A long rope of linear density 0.25 kg/m is under tension. Transverse waves travel on it
at 30. m/s. How much energy is stored in 1.0 m of the rope when a driving frequency of
6.0 Hz produces a traveling wave with an amplitude of 0.10 m?
How far apart should two protons be if the electrical force of repulsion is equal to the
weight (attraction to the Earth) of one of the protons?
Assuming muscles are 20% efficient, at what rate is a 60. kg boy using energy when he
runs up a flight of stairs 10. m high, in 8.0 s?
A bullet moving at 244. m/s strikes a tree and penetrates a distance of 8.34 mm before
stopping. Assuming a constant acceleration, how long did it take the bullet to stop?
Explain how to draw free-body diagrams.
By how many Newtons does the weight of a 100. kg person change when he goes from
sea level to an altitude of 5.00 km?
From the Earth, they see the Enterprise approaching at 0.800c and the Klingons
approaching from the opposite direction at 0.900c. From the Enterprise, the crew sees
the Klingon ship approaching at what speed?
List the seven base units in the SI system.