What was the effect of uniformity and standardization on the lives of average
Americans?
A) It led to an increase in the average salary of the American worker.
B) Women were now able to leave their households to enter the work force.
C) It led to the homogenization of consumer goods and the blurring of regional
distinctiveness.
D) It resulted in economic stability that persisted throughout the next two decades.
E) Countless new brands emerged as different regions produced their own goods.
During the 1960s and 1970s, Csar Chvez ________.
A) led a communist takeover of Nicaragua
B) organized a Chicano political movement known as La Raza Unida
C) organized California grape and lettuce workers to strike for higher wages
D) was the first Hispanic player to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame
E) campaigned for bilingual education programs in public schools in California and
Texas
By 1960, what percentage of African-American children in the Deep South attended
schools with white students?
A) less than 1%
B) 10%
C) 25%
D) 45%
E) more than 50%
Approximately ________ soldiers died in the Civil War.
A) 50,000
B) 125,000
C) 620,000
D) 950,000
E) 1,500,000
The company to become the first billion-dollar company was ________.
A) Thomson Steel Works
B) Standard Oil
C) Westinghouse
D) U.S. Steel
E) American Telephone and Telegraph
How did the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 change the course of the war?
A) Germany’s own people began to revolt, leading to a weakening of the Central
Powers, giving the Allies an advantage.
B) The Polish people in Germany revolted, distracting German forces from fighting
France and Britain and giving the Allies an advantage.
C) Socialists in the United States refused to help with the war effort, inhibiting U.S.
involvement and prolonging the war.
D) Russia signed a treaty with Germany and dropped out of the war, which enabled
Germany to concentrate on fighting in the West.
E) Russia renewed attacks on Germany from the East, which weakened the Central
Powers on both fronts.
Which of these was true for life expectancy in the U.S. in the period from 1900 to
1920?
A) Life expectancy rose for some groups, but fell for others.
B) Life expectancy rose for men, but not women.
C) Life expectancy fell across the board.
D) Life expectancy for the population as a whole remained static.
E) Across the board, life expectancy rose.
Harding and his successors _____.
A) sought to continue the policies of Wilson
B) wanted a return to traditional Republican policies
C) advanced in new directions
D) sought to maintain the status quo
E) wanted to redefine “Republicanism”
One consequence of General Weyler’s policy in Cuba was ________.
A) the generation of public sympathy for the Cuban people among Americans
B) a quick ending to the Cuban rebellion
C) strong support for Spain from the American government
D) an alliance between Cuban rebels and the American government
E) the end of “reconcentration” as a policy
Who was the typical small slaveholder?
A) an urban merchant
B) a wealthy land owner
C) a small business owner
D) a shopkeeper
E) a farmer
What explains why Irish immigrants were unlikely to protest poor labor conditions?
A) Labor protests were very unpopular at the time.
B) They had low economic expectations and conservative attitudes.
C) They were afraid of violent retribution from native-born Americans.
D) The Catholic Church strictly forbade all forms of protest.
E) They tended to find jobs with good working conditions.
Which factors most contributed to American isolationism in the 1930s?
A) the Great Depression and fear of the costs of war
B) the Great Depression and the Catholic Church
C) the Kellogg-Briand Pact and anti-Semitism
D) the Kellogg-Briand Pact and a lack of resources
E) a lack of resources and a religious revival
While repealing the Townshend duties, why did the North ministry retain a tax on tea?
A) to stabilize prices for tea
B) to punish American tea smugglers
C) to punish John Hancock, Samuel Adams, and the Sons of Liberty
D) to symbolize Parliament’s power to tax Americans
E) to ensure that tea from England would not be boycotted
James G. Blaine’s greatest diplomatic success was ________.
A) the purchase of Alaska
B) securing home rule for Canada
C) settling the Alabama claims with Britain
D) paving the way for the Pan-American Union
E) averting a war with Britain over Venezuela
Americans feel vulnerable because ________.
A) migration out of the U.S. has hit an all-time high
B) they feel the world is not listening to them
C) international and domestic problems continue to challenge them
D) the U.S. has the least troubled economy in the world
E) Americans are wildly optimistic about the future
How did African-American activism change toward the late 1960s?
A) It cooled off after African Americans achieved all of their goals.
B) It became even more committed to nonviolent resistance to racism.
C) It became more militant and shifted focus from social goals to economic goals.
D) It focused less on protest in the streets and more on progress through the courts.
E) It focused less on domestic social change and more on international social change.
How did the National American Woman Suffrage Association differ from prior
organizations?
A) It unified two important suffrage associations.
B) It was marred by disunity and disorganization.
C) It had fewer members than earlier associations.
D) It was led by the militant activist Carrie Chapman Catt.
E) It focused on bringing about legislative change.
In the Victorian code of morality, ________.
A) children were active participants in family life
B) wives were to be acknowledged as equal partners to their husbands
C) moral values were less important than economic values
D) strict standards of behavior should be followed
E) young women could go out without a chaperone
Why did most first state constitutions include a bill of rights?
A) To remind future rulers of the exact limits of their authority.
B) To establish the rights of white male landowners.
C) To create a stronger central federal government.
D) To prevent weak state governments.
E) Because the federal constitution included a bill of rights.
Which war between England and France had the greatest political and economic impact
on colonial America?
A) King William’s War
B) Queen Anne’s War
C) King George’s War
D) the Seven Years’ War
E) King Philip’s War
How did the Great Depression affect Americans psychologically?
A) The loss of savings and employment led most Americans to renounce capitalism and
turn to socialism.
B) Unemployment and poverty undermined people’s sense of self-worth and caused
many to despair.
C) Most men either committed suicide or abandoned their families because they could
not provide for them.
D) Americans in the middle and upper classes had more emotional resources and fared
better than poor people.
E) Hunger and poverty made Americans unable to think properly and make good
decisions, leading to divorce and crime.
What did the Great Awakening, intercolonial trade, and the rise of the colonial
assemblies have in common?
A) They created disdain for England.
B) They created a rebellious spirit in America.
C) They contributed to a growing sense of shared identity.
D) They helped create imperial rivalry between England and France.
E) They exacerbated the problems of an already-divided citizenry.
In saying “We are all republicans; we are all federalists” Jefferson meant that _______.
A) Republicans and Federalist should be united against the Whigs
B) he hoped to make common cause with the Federalists
C) there were no real differences between these two parties
D) Americans still shared a common political ideology
E) the real threat was the Whig-Tory split
How were women affected by the political ideas of the American Revolution?
A) These ideas did not interest women very much.
B) The ideas brought dramatic changes and opportunities to their lives.
C) The ideas caused them to be more assertive about their roles in the family.
D) The end of the war allowed them to participate actively in government.
E) Revolutionary ideas brought them together to demand universal suffrage.
In 1912, Roosevelt’s New Nationalism _____.
A) demanded a stronger role for the executive office
B) called for tighter immigration laws
C) represented a repudiation of progressivism
D) suggested that federal government could not be trusted
E) was resolutely opposed to big business
Why was James Madison described as a political genius?
A) He wrote the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation.
B) He helped Americans think of republican government in radical new ways.
C) He used the teachings of Montesquieu to advocate for strong state governments.
D) He had fought bravely in the revolutionary war, leading his men with wisdom and
courage.
E) He successfully governed his home state of Virginia in a socialist manner, giving all
power to the people.
Why was Lincoln angry with General McClellan after the battle at Antietam?
A) McClellan retreated while he still had a chance to win the battle.
B) McClellan killed Robert E. Lee rather than taking him prisoner.
C) McClellan lost the battle, despite having a clear advantage in the field.
D) McClellan lost too many men in the battle, which weakened the Union army.
E) McClellan was slow to pursue Robert E. Lee after the battle and let Lee escape.
Washington’s Farewell Address ________.
A) warned against creating a strong military
B) brought harmony to the political system
C) supported the political ideology of Jefferson and Madison
D) advised against an alliance with France
E) wholeheartedly endorsed the two-party system
How did the consumer-goods revolution contribute to the great crash of 1929?
A) The production of durable goods, which did not need to be replaced, outpaced
demand and led to wide-scale layoffs.
B) Mass-produced consumer goods were of such poor quality that people eventually
stopped purchasing them and the industry began to falter.
C) The consumer goods revolution had contributed to a lack of confidence in the
strength of the American economic system.
D) The consumer goods revolution led to an increase in home construction that
eventually crashed due to overproduction.
E) The beneficiaries of the consumer goods revolution did not invest their money in the
stock exchange.
Which of the following was NOT a reason that urban political machines stayed in
power?
A) Municipal governments rarely provided public services such as water.
B) They understood how to use the political system for their own good.
C) They performed social services for immigrants.
D) There was little regard for the political system.
E) The cities needed the services they provided.
Where did most of the immigrants to the United States come from in the 1840s and
1850s?
A) the Middle East
B) Europe
C) Africa
D) Latin America
E) China
What was the Washingtonian Society?
A) an evangelical group that focused on converting the working classes to Christianity
B) a group of Christian women who traveled the country preaching the evils of
alcoholism
C) a political faction that used the Constitution as a basis for their antislavery
movement
D) a temperance group whose members discussed their struggles with alcoholism
E) a secret society that prompted many of the social and religious reforms during the
1800s
What was the result of the Homestead Strike?
A) It forced management to meet the workers’ demands.
B) It was resolved through negotiation and bargaining.
C) It had little interference from the government.
D) It brought national attention to the costs of industrialization.
E) It was peaceful compared to Haymarket.
How was the U.S. Embargo Act of 1807 ineffective?
A) It only gained public support in the Northeast.
B) It only resulted in England respecting American trade rights; France still did not.
C) It caused severe economic depression in France but had little effect on England.
D) It caused economic mayhem in the U.S. and did little to affect France and England.
E) It resulted in a severe shortage of food for both the French and British armies.
Which of the following movements of the nineteenth century had the greatest influence
on the development of the abolitionist movement?
A) Cult of Domesticity
B) extension of public education
C) women’s rights movement
D) temperance movement
E) Second Great Awakening