John Kennedy
A) was the youngest man elected president.
B) won the election with a wide margin of the popular vote.
C) barely received enough electoral votes to win the election.
D) had little prior political experience.
Until 1902, the United States kept Cuba under a
A) military governor.
B) naval blockade.
C) reservation system.
D) communist system.
Upon learning that the Soviet Union had successfully tested an atomic bomb, the
United States
A) threatened a preemptive air strike against the Soviets’ nuclear laboratories.
B) slowed down the pace of nuclear research.
C) authorized the development of the hydrogen super bomb.
D) responded with indifference.
Analyze the reasons for the limited success achieved by organized labor in antebellum
America.
The “new immigrants” whose migration to the United States increased after 1880 came
mainly from
A) northern and western Europe.
B) southern and eastern Europe.
C) southeast Asia.
D) China.
An attempt by the New Deal to experiment with principles of regional planning was the
A) Tennessee Valley Authority.
B) Wagner Act.
C) National Industrial Recovery Act.
D) Civilian Conservation Corps.
For American civilians, the Revolution
A) resolved prior problems of housing and public health.
B) struck hardest in the rural regions.
C) seldom touched their lives in a threatening way.
D) often caused destruction or confiscation of their property.
Sociologist George Fitzhugh argued that southern black slaves
A) received better treatment than northern factory workers.
B) should be gradually amalgamated with the white race.
C) did not need the paternal guidance of white masters.
D) deserved gradual emancipation and limited economic opportunities.
One of the most famous political machines was New York’s
A) Ryker’s Island.
B) Brooklyn Cohort.
C) Tammany Hall.
D) Chicago Club.
In an attempt to improve their condition after freedom, blacks during the
Reconstruction period
A) placed little emphasis on education.
B) encountered little white opposition to their educational efforts.
C) often worked through their churches.
D) relied exclusively on the Freedman’s Bureau.
Between 1519 and the early 1800s, which of the following ethnic groups crossed the
Atlantic to the Americas in greater numbers than any other?
A) Europeans.
B) Asians.
C) Africans.
D) Australians.
In his travels through the Gulf of Mexico region, Spanish explorer de Soto
A) failed to conquer the people he encountered.
B) enslaved Indians to serve as pack animals.
C) witnessed the ravages of European diseases on native people.
D) All of the above.
In contrast to the Europeans, most natives of North America believed that land serves as
the basis for
A) independence and personal identity.
B) material wealth.
C) political status.
D) common sustenance.
In the late 1940s, workers
A) enjoyed great support from the federal government.
B) lost basic rights.
C) decided that strikes were ineffective.
D) went on several strikes.
The Republican governments that controlled the southern states during Reconstruction
were
A) supported by some white southerners.
B) usually more corrupt than state governments in the North.
C) generally accepted by most white southerners.
D) dominated by illiterate blacks.
All of the following are true regarding the political rights of free blacks in the United
States in the 1800s EXCEPT
A) black women could vote.
B) the Northwest Territory banned slavery.
C) in the 1830s, voting rights for black men were slowly eroded.
D) in most states, segregation in public facilities prevailed.
An important new factor that influenced American foreign policy after 1865 was
A) the inflationary economic conditions in the United States between 1865 and 1900.
B) a reduction in world trade.
C) public opinion.
D) the discovery of gold in California.
Streets in early American cities
A) were swept clean daily by city workers.
B) remained untouched by humans and animals.
C) were filthy and maintained by swine.
D) were nonexistent.
Discuss the status of foreign claims and possessions in the trans-Mississippi West from
1811 to 1840. Trace the development of American interests in the region during this era.
Many American black slaves sought their freedom during the Revolution by
A) attempting to take lands from western Indians.
B) seeking return passage to Africa.
C) fighting with the British.
D) fleeing to the maritime provinces of Canada.
After spending 70 years working to convert the Pueblo people, Franciscan friars
A) managed to graft a veneer of Catholicism over native culture.
B) succeeded in converting the Pueblo leaders, but not the general population.
C) converted most members of the population to Christianity.
D) concluded that their mission was hopeless.
Slavery inhibited the economic growth of the South because of the slaveholders’
A) low profit yields.
B) high maintenance costs.
C) undiversified capital investments.
D) unstable cotton prices.
What were some of the ominous clouds on the international horizon during the 1920s?
A) Fascism became prevalent in Italy and Spain
B) Germany remained mired in economic chaos.
C) Colonial powers still dominated and competed in Africa.
D) All of the above.
Intending on pushing further into the South, British commanders realized that
A) the distance was too far.
B) supply lines would be too long.
C) Loyalist sympathy was weak.
D) All of the above.
Which of the following were the two top industries in the United States by the late
1930s?
A) tourism and agriculture
B) agriculture and mining
C) mining and tourism
D) steel and automobile
The first European settlers thought the gigantic earthworks made by mound-building
societies were constructed by some ancient civilization that had found North America.
An African known as Estevan and enslaved by the Spanish
A) sailed on all of Columbus’s voyages.
B) taught the Spanish how to communicate with their slaves.
C) was the first African to die in the New World.
D) became an important trailblazer for Spanish explorers.
One of Andrew Jackson’s key principles included the
A) defense of the interests of the monied aristocracy.
B) expanded powers of the national government.
C) importance of majority rule.
D) equality of whites and blacks.
Southerners migrated southwestward in huge numbers between 1830 and 1860, seeking
new lands for the
A) diversification of agriculture.
B) cultivation of tobacco.
C) production of cotton.
D) development of industry.
During the presidency of Franklin Roosevelt, his wife Eleanor
A) attempted to remain relatively inconspicuous in order not to embarrass the president.
B) promoted a policy of social reform.
C) had little or no influence on policy.
D) divorced him.
America’s response to the Russian blockade of West Berlin was to
A) circumvent it by air.
B) turn Berlin over to the Soviets.
C) threaten a major war.
D) accept the Soviets’ demand that West Berlin be integrated into East Germany.
The Society of Friends, or Quakers,
A) enjoyed official approval and widespread popularity in England during the
seventeenth century.
B) preached the need for a rigid social hierarchy to preserve order and stability.
C) believed the church and its ministers provided the keys to heavenly salvation.
D) renounced the use of force in human affairs and rejected a hierarchical society.
Presidents Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison set aside ________ reserves.
A) fish
B) forest
C) marine
D) vernal pool
Important in creating an atmosphere favorable for the United States’ entry into World
War I was
A) Germany’s refusal to trade with the United States.
B) the de Lme letter.
C) England’s resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare.
D) the Zimmermann note.
The Industrial Labor Relations Commission, created in 1912,
A) suggested unions be declared illegal.
B) criticized labor for demanding too many reforms.
C) defended workers’ right to organize.
D) generally ruled that employers were blameless in industrial accidents.
Why did fighting in the American Revolution shift over time from the Northeast to the
Middle Atlantic to the South? Contrast the primary British and American war strategies
from 1776 to 1781.
How and why did the events of 1855-1856 concerning Kansas offer a preview of the
Civil War?
Contrast the views of Europeans of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries with those of
Native Americans they encountered on such topics as the environment, social relations,
religious beliefs, and slavery.
The most controversial part of the Compromise of 1850 was the ________, appeasing
southerners but infuriating northerners.
Imagine that you were the Central American correspondent of an American news
magazine during the 1950s. How would you evaluate the economic and political
conditions of Latin America, and how would you explain the United States’s reaction to
the Castro revolution in Cuba?
Discuss President Carter’s characteristics as a political leader and evaluate his economic
and social programs.
Illustrate how the New Deal programs during the Second New Deal (1935-1936) placed
greater emphasis on social reform and social justice by discussing the major welfare
programs inaugurated after that date.
The largest number of eighteenth-century European immigrants to colonial America
were the Protestant ________.
How did southern and northern military strategies change from 1863 to 1865? With
what results?
The first attempt to collectively organize farmers came in 1867 when ________
founded the Order of the Patrons of Husbandry.
In 1932, World War I veterans organized the so-called ________ to march on
Washington.
Discuss the composition of the American industrial working class during the late
nineteenth century and indicate the hierarchy of jobs among the various groups that
composed that working class.
Numerous culture groups developed across the North American continent, each with
distinctive lifestyles. Describe the most important features of the following culture
groups, paying particular attention to whether or not they engaged in village life, trade
and agriculture: Pueblo, Northwest Coast, and Mound Builders.
The Confederation Congress passed two ____________ordinances in the 1780s.
Explain the pragmatic as well as the psychological reasons that led white American
colonists of the seventeenth century to transform the black servant from a human being
to a piece of chattel property.
Discuss the difficulties Americans faced in raising, equipping, and maintaining an army.
Fashionable Washington photographer ________, realizing that the camera was the
“eye of history,” asked Lincoln for permission to record the war.
Imagine yourself a middle-class resident of Rochester, New York. What might you have
witnessed and felt?
By 1790, every state except Georgia and __________had outlawed the international
slave trade.
The doctrines of Calvin were first put into practice in the 1550s in the city-state of
________, which quickly became a haven for refugee Protestant leaders.