The old Northwest Territory was composed of what is today ________.
A) the Northeast
B) the Northwest
C) the West
D) the Rocky Mountain region
E) the Midwest
Congressional Republicans believed that Reconstruction should _______.
A) guarantee that the southern ruling class would not regain power
B) return the South to its prewar system, minus slavery
C) treat the South as a conquered nation
D) guarantee the civil rights of freedmen
E) follow the plan that had been outlined by Lincoln
During the Cleveland administration, which nation did the United States replace as the
major power in Latin America?
A) Germany
B) Great Britain
C) Venezuela
D) Mexico
E) Spain
The Taft-Hartley Act was a 1947 bill that outlawed _______.
A) some labor union activities
B) the formation of labor unions
C) racial discrimination in hiring practices
D) gender discrimination in hiring practices
E) many child labor practices
Martin Luther King, Jr.’s philosophy advocated _______.
A) immigration to Africa rather than trying to gain rights in the United States
B) acceptance of discrimination until the courts brought about changes
C) the use of violence to get the nation’s attention for his cause
D) the use of any means necessary, including dirty tricks, to gain equality
E) the use of nonviolent, passive resistance to unjust laws
One of the most important factors uniting Americans of different colonies into a single
political culture was ________.
A) the English common law
B) cooperative royal governors in between the northern and southern colonies
C) their near-monolithic religious beliefs
D) a respect for the sovereignty of Parliament
E) fear of attack by Indians
Which executive order did President Ford give to the CIA in 1975?
A) He ordered the CIA to focus on domestic rather than international intelligence
operations.
B) He ordered the CIA to limit their surveillance to hostile nations.
C) He ordered the CIA to do whatever was necessary to topple Castro.
D) He outlawed assassinations as an instrument of U.S. foreign policy.
E) He outlawed covert surveillance as an instrument of U.S. foreign policy.
What was the initial goal of the Montgomery bus boycott?
A) to challenge the constitutionality of segregated seating
B) to create a first-come, first-served seating arrangement on buses
C) to challenge the racial discrimination in the hiring of bus drivers
D) to establish equal bus fares for white and black passengers
E) to create more bus routes in African-American neighborhoods
How did U.S. neutrality in World War I finally come to an end?
A) Germany proposed an alliance with Mexico and sank five American ships in ten
days.
B) Russia formed an alliance with Germany that threatened U.S. interests in the Pacific.
C) The Allied nations begged the United States to intervene on their behalf.
D) Japan attacked the Philippines and Hawaii, killing hundreds of American citizens.
E) Germany formed an alliance with Cuba, threatening war against the United States.
Why was William Penn’s Frame of Government remarkable for its time?
A) It included more personal liberties than other English colonies.
B) It denied the right of due process for citizens.
C) It established the Quaker religion in Pennsylvania.
D) It granted freedom of conscience to all except Catholics.
E) It prevented the religious rule of the Church of England.
Which of the following would Alexander Hamilton have proposed?
A) strong diplomatic ties with France
B) the purchase of western lands
C) expanding the franchise
D) placing tighter controls on commerce
E) modeling the banking system on the German model
What finally pushed President McKinley to ask for a declaration of war against Spain?
A) He was a weak and indecisive leader, who was forced into war.
B) The conflicting national interests of Spain and the United States left few alternatives.
C) He hoped that a war would bring him political power and the country territorial
gains.
D) Spain was unwilling to accede to any of the demands of the United States.
E) The Cuban people appealed to him directly and asked for his help.
What were the different stands Democrats and Whigs took on annexation and slavery in
new territories?
A) Democrats endorsed expansion and both free and slave states, while Whigs opposed
annexation to avoid the slavery debate.
B) Democrats opposed annexation to avoid the slavery debate, while Whigs endorsed
expansion and both free and slave states.
C) Both Democrats and Whigs endorsed expansion, but Democrats wanted the new
territories to allow slavery while the Whigs did not.
D) Both Democrats and Whigs endorsed expansion, but Whigs wanted the new
territories to allow slavery while the Democrats did not.
E) Neither party endorsed expansion, but if it was inevitable, the Whigs encouraged the
spread of slavery while the Democrats did not.
Who backed the first colonization efforts undertaken by the English in the New World?
A) Henry VII
B) Italians acting for the English monarch
C) Parliament
D) Catholic merchants
E) Elizabeth I
What does the following quote mean? “In 1899, McKinley spoke of lowering tariff
barriers in a world that technology had made smaller.”
A) Advances in technology had connected the United States to the rest of the world, so
it made sense to lower taxes on goods to and from other countries.
B) The population of the United States had begun to decrease during the nineteenth
century, so it made sense to lower taxes on goods from other countries.
C) Since the United States was so dependent on technology from other countries, it
made sense to lower taxes on technological products from other nations.
D) Because taxes and tariffs had decreased by the end of the nineteenth century, the
exchange of new ideas and technology between countries had begun to flow.
E) Until taxes on goods exported to other countries were increased, the rest of the world
could not benefit from American technology.
Which of the following individuals is incorrectly matched with his art form?
A) William Sidney Mount: paintings
B) Nathaniel Hawthorne: novels
C) Herman Melville: novels
D) Oliver Wendell Holmes: paintings
E) George Caleb Bingham: paintings
In the late nineteenth century, ________.
A) few women entered the work force
B) most women took advantage of economic changes
C) few women challenged the system
D) the role of women in the society was changing
E) womanly “innocence” was never questioned
How did the New Deal affect American industrial workers?
A) It provided them with jobs, regardless of race or gender.
B) It provided the means for them to organize and bargain for benefits.
C) It allowed skilled workers to unionize, but left unskilled workers unrepresented.
D) It left them at the mercy of businesses that were supported by the government.
E) It squeezed out women and minorities to give jobs to white male workers.
How did the Redeemers restrict voting rights in the late 1870s and early 1880s?
A) African Americans were not allowed to vote at all and were kept away from the
polls.
B) Any African Americans voting for Democrats had their votes discarded.
C) If African Americans tried to vote for Republicans, they were intimidated and
threatened.
D) African Americans could vote only if they paid a fee to the Republican candidates.
E) African Americans risked losing their jobs if they tried to vote for any Democratic
candidates.
Why did the Sedition Act distress many Americans?
A) It threatened their political right to disagree with and speak out against the
government.
B) It gave the Federalists too much power and reduced the Republicans’ power.
C) It suspended free elections, depriving all white males of their voting rights.
D) It expanded the powers of Congress, which meant bigger government.
E) It allowed libel convictions without a jury trial, affecting people’s judicial rights.
Why did Washington view the Whiskey Rebellion as treason?
A) The rebellious farmers elicited the help of Native Americans, creating a quasi civil
war.
B) He thought French agents had supported the protest.
C) Because Britain supplied the rebellious farmers with money and arms, Washington
assumed that they were siding with the enemy.
D) Because France was having its own revolutionary war, Washington worried the
violence would lead to civil war.
E) The rebellious farmers began to ship and sell their whiskey to France and England,
breaking U.S. trade agreements.
Hoover believed that unemployment relief _______.
A) was justified by previous government policies
B) would bring about dangerous inflation
C) could promote domestic unrest
D) should come from private charities
E) would be a sign of weakness
What debate existed in the 1860s between whites in the East and West over what to do
about Native Americans?
A) Easterners wanted a peaceful policy of assimilation, while those in the West who
feared attacks, wanted a firmer control over Native Americans.
B) Easterners wanted Native Americans to be segregated on reservations, while those in
the West wanted Native Americans to be assimilated into white society.
C) Easterners wanted Native Americans to move further west, while Westerners
believed they should be allowed to stay where they were.
D) Easterners felt that until Native Americans were fully controlled, they could not
have any rights, whereas Westerners wanted them to have equal rights.
E) Easterners felt that Native Americans should be allowed to live their traditional
nomadic lifestyles, while Westerners wanted them to be assimilated into American
culture.
Why did the Free-Soil movement support the exclusion of slavery from the territories?
A) It believed in racial justice.
B) It believed in the immorality of slavery.
C) It feared the outbreak of slave insurrections in the territories.
D) It feared labor competition from slaves.
E) Most western land was unsuited for plantation agriculture.
What was most important about the SALT I agreements?
A) They revealed the extent of the secret Soviet nuclear-weapon stockpiling.
B) They demonstrated that the United States would not compromise on its weapons
program.
C) They demonstrated that the Soviet Union would not compromise on its weapons
program.
D) They were a symbolic first step in a peaceful resolution of U.S.-Soviet tensions.
E) They were critical in exacerbating the stresses and tensions of the Cold War.
Why did more than a hundred senators and congressmen sign the Southern Manifesto?
A) They were declaring an intention to secede from the Union again.
B) They were expressing concern about the lack of a balanced federal budget.
C) They were declaring an intention to hunt down communists working in government.
D) They were asking Eisenhower to show his support for the bus boycott.
E) They were protesting the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka ruling.
Which of the following best characterizes the creole languages that developed among
slaves in some parts of the southern colonies in the seventeenth century?
A) Creole languages were a mixture of English and different African languages.
B) Creole languages were based on African languages.
C) Creole languages were a mixture of French, English, and Dutch languages.
D) Creole languages were written versions of African languages.
E) Creole languages were informal, colloquial versions of English.
What was the main purpose of the continental “Association”?
A) to foster improved relations between the various colonies
B) to seek a conservative, peaceful resolution of the political crises of the mid”1770s
C) to raise money to feed starving Indians displaced by western settlements
D) to halt trade with Britain until the Intolerable Acts were repealed
E) to raise and equip armies to fight for the American cause
The primary objective of the Alliance movement was to ________.
A) form a social organization for farmers
B) organize and politicize the American farmer
C) ensure equal distribution of wealth
D) elect Democrats and Republicans who represented farmers
E) protect farmers against greedy cattle ranchers
Which of the following statements describes the result of the arrival of large numbers of
immigrants in the 1850s?
A) They were a positive development for American cities.
B) They did not contribute measurably to city developments.
C) They worsened the already serious problems of the cities.
D) They increased the population of rural rather than urban areas.
E) They prevented the development of America’s first suburbs.
The SALT treaties involved ________.
A) the American withdrawal from Vietnam
B) reduction of U.S. and Soviet offensive ballistic missiles
C) removal of Soviet nuclear weapons from Cuba
D) preventing outright war in the Middle East
E) the collapse of the former Soviet Union
Joint-stock companies allowed for _______.
A) concentrated wealth in the hands of a few
B) more successful colonization
C) more investors
D) more profit
E) more royal control
Frederick Douglass was all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) a former slave
B) the founder of the black newspaper North Star
C) a prominent black abolitionist
D) a fiery orator, who described slavery to northern audiences
E) a presidential candidate in 1868
Why is it not accurate to say that people moved westward to settle the American West
in the 1870s and 1880s?
A) because many people in the Northwest traveled southeast to the Great Plains
B) because Mexicans traveled north and Asians traveled east to settle in the West
C) because Mexicans traveled east from California to settle in the Great Plains
D) because western Europeans traveled east in order to settle in the West
E) because Asians in the West traveled east to reach the Great Plains
How might FDR’s personal background have prepared him to meet the challenges of the
Great Depression?
A) Since he was from a privileged background, he did not personally suffer financial
hardship, which left him free to address the country’s crisis.
B) His service as assistant secretary of the Navy under Woodrow Wilson prepared him
to balance foreign and domestic affairs during the Great Depression.
C) His relationship to Theodore Roosevelt helped him become a conservationist and a
powerful Republican leader.
D) His bout with polio gave him personal experience of suffering and made him more
sensitive to the downtrodden of society.
E) His Ivy League education helped him understand the needs of wealthy American
businessmen during the Great Depression.