Which is the cathode in this galvanic cell?
A. the solid zinc electrode
B. the Zn2+(aq) ions in the 1 M solution
C. the solid silver electrode
D. the Ag+(aq) ions in the 1 M solution
A substance that can be broken down into two or more simpler substances by chemical
methods is called a(n)
A. compound.
B. mixture.
C. element.
D. isotope.
The heat of combustion of ethane, C2H6, is 1560 kJ/mol. What is the heat of
combustion of ethane, in kJ per gram?
A. 51.9 kJ/g
B. 195 kJ/g
C. 4.69 104 kJ/g
D. 9.39 1026 kJ/g
The main reason that water supplies are “chlorinated” is
A. to produce gels that remove solids from the water.
B. to kill disease-causing organisms in the water.
C. to soften the water.
D. to precipitate lead salts from the water as insoluble lead chloride.
Although carbon dioxide is the primary compound discussed with respect to global
warming; of the common atmospheric components the global warming potential (GWP)
of a carbon dioxide molecule is very low. Which statement best explains this pair of
facts?
A. CO2 molecules are highly symmetrical.
B. CO2 has a low molar mass.
C. CO2 exists in relatively high concentrations.
D. CO2 is formed in the combustion of fossil fuels.
In this molecule four different functional groups are circled.
Which is the carboxylic acid functional group?
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
Which is one of the Lewis structures for ozone?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A breeder reactor produces which nuclear fuel?
A. 239Pu
B. 238U
C. 141Ba
D. 235U
This is a representation of a plastic bag being stretched. Which statement best describes
what is happening in the figure?
A. Molecular chains shift from a random orientation to align parallel to each other in
the direction of the pulling force.
B. During the pulling, the mixed-up polymer chains cross link to make the polymer
stronger.
C. The pulling force creates branches, causing a switch from high density to low density
polymer.
D. It is only a temporary distortion; once the pulling force stops, the plastic snaps back
to the original orientation.
During the chemical reaction in an electrochemical cell,
A. a substance is oxidized and gains electrons.
B. electrons travel from the cathode to the anode.
C. oxidation takes place alone, without an accompanying reduction.
D. oxidation occurs at the anode.
What structural feature do the two hormones shown have in common?
A. Both have alcohol functional groups.
B. Both have ketone functional groups.
C. Both are steroids.
D. There are no structural features in common.
As the ozone hole gets more pronounced, with time, one expects the incidence of skin
cancer to
A. decrease worldwide.
B. increase worldwide.
C. increase in the northern hemisphere and decrease in the southern hemisphere.
D. decrease in the northern hemisphere and decrease in the northern hemisphere.
Will synthetic polymers always have to be made from crude oil?
A. Yes, because although other technologies exist, they are too costly for large scale
use.
B. No, but there are no funds to research new technologies needed.
C. Yes, but more crude oil will have to be diverted from other uses.
D. No, new technologies are being developed to use bio-based raw materials.
A 20-year old female weighing 60 kg (132 pounds) has a BMR of 1,440 Cal/day but her
daily recommended intake is 2,200 Cal/day. What does this mean?
A. Only 65% of the energy derived from her food intake goes to keep her body system
going.
B. Only 35% of the energy derived from her food intake goes to keep her body system
going.
C. 760 Calories are used for her bodily functions.
D. She needs to reduce her caloric intake or she will become obese.
Mark the True statement
A. In carbon containing compounds, carbon usually forms four bonds, nitrogen usually
forms three bonds, oxygen usually forms two bonds, and hydrogen only forms one
bond.
B. In carbon containing compounds, carbon usually forms four bonds, nitrogen usually
forms five bonds, oxygen usually forms six bonds, and hydrogen only forms one bond.
C. In carbon containing compounds, carbon usually forms four bonds, nitrogen and
oxygen usually form two bonds, and hydrogen only forms one bond.
D. In carbon containing compounds, carbon usually forms three bonds, nitrogen and
oxygen usually form two bonds, and hydrogen only forms one bond.
Soil nitrification refers to which process?
A. conversion of NO to NO2
B. conversion of nitrogen oxides to nitric acid
C. conversion of N2 to NO2
D. conversion of NH4
+to NO3
A polar covalent bond is created when
A. a metallic element reacts with a nonmetallic element.
B. two atoms share their bonding electrons unequally.
C. two atoms share three or more electrons.
D. two atoms of the same element form double or triple bonds.
Which type of battery is best for use in heart (cardiac) pacemakers?
A. alkaline
B. lithium-iodine
C. mercury
D. nickel-cadmium
Which symbols represent only elements that are metals?
A. X and Z
B. X and Q
C. P and L
D. X, R, P, and Q
The hydronium ion concentration in a solution with pH 10 is __________ than the
hydronium ion concentration in a solution with pH 13.
A. 1,000 times less
B. 3 times greater
C. 1,000 times greater
D. 100 times less
Which is/are part of the Chapman cycle in the stratosphere?
I. Ozone is removed by its reaction with water vapor.
II. Ozone is removed by an interaction with UV radiation.
III. Ozone reacts with oxygen atoms to form oxygen molecules.
A. I only
B. II only
C. I, II and III
D. II and III only
Green chemistry is
A. the study of how to improve the production of oxygen via photosynthesis.
B. any chemistry having an agricultural base.
C. the cause of the higher temperatures and humidity typically found in greenhouses.
D. the design of products and processes that reduce hazardous substances.
How many moles of sodium chloride are there in 250 mL of a 1.20 M sodium chloride
solution?
A. 0.30
B. 0.60
C. 1.2
D. 2.4
As of 2007, what is the maximum efficiency of a multijunction solar cell?
A. 15%
B. 80%
C. 22%
D. 40%
As of 2007, what is the maximum efficiency of a multijunction solar cell?
A. 15%
B. 80%
C. 22%
D. 40%
The wavelength of light in the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum is
A. smaller than a virus.
B. intermediate between the size of a bacterial cell and a virus.
C. about the size of a bacterial cell.
D. larger than either a bacterial cell or a virus.
How many atoms are present in 0.375 mol of palladium (Pd) atoms?
A. 1.61 x 1024
B. 6.02 x 1023
C. 2.26 x 1023
D. 2.12 x 1021
Which compound has a correct formula?
A. CaSO3
B. Ca2SO4
C. Mg(CO3)2
D. Na2PO4
Which type of water may be considered pure?
A. bottled water
B. filtered water
C. distilled water
D. chlorinated water
Every year about 100 billion pounds of plastic are produced in the United States (over
350 pounds for every woman, man, and child). What strategies may be employed to
reduce the amount of plastics going into landfills?
A. incineration
B. biodegradation
C. recycling
D. All of these choices are correct.
Adipic acid, one of the monomers used to make nylon, has a total of six carbon atoms
with two carboxylic acid functional groups. Which structure is correct?
A. (CH2)6 COOH
B. HO (CH2)6 OH
C. HOOC (CH2)4 COOH
D. HOOC (CH2)6 NH2
Octane (C8H18) is one of the principal components of gasoline. How many moles of
CO2 are produced during the combustion of 3.0 mol of octane?
Unbalanced equation: C8H18 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
A. 3.0
B. 8.0
C. 24
D. 26
Identify the chiral carbon atom in L-dopa (used to treat Parkinson’s disease).
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
The recommended daily requirement of calcium is 1,000 mg. Tap water in a
Midwestern city contains approximately 150 mg Ca/L. A person living in the city who
drinks two liters of water in one day would receive ________ percent of his/her RDA of
calcium.
A. 3
B. 7.5
C. 15
D. 30