Which of the following plant parts commonly contributes to asexual reproduction?
A) seeds
B) roots
C) flowers
D) fruits
Which of the following is a function of the vertebrate liver?
A) combining ammonia and carbon dioxide to form urea
B) synthesizing ammonia from uric acid
C) excreting urea
D) producing urea from uric acid and carbon dioxide
Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?
A) transporting nerve impulses throughout the body
B) governing nutrient concentration in the blood
C) transporting nutrients to body cells
D) mounting a response to invading microorganisms
In mammals, the presence of four limbs is ________, and hair is ________.
A) a shared derived character; a shared ancestral character that places mammals in the
tetrapod clade
B) a shared ancestral character; a shared derived character unique to mammals
C) a homologous feature; an analogous feature
D) monophyletic; parsimonious
Medicines are often administered in pill form. In many cases, the active ingredient of
the pill (the drug) is joined to another substance by ________. This forms a(n)
________, which is stable in the dry environment of a pill bottle but dissociates under
the wet conditions of the digestive system to release the drug to the body.
A) ionic bonds; salt
B) hydrogen bonds; base
C) ionic bonds; acid
D) covalent bonds; salt
Which of the following must occur for a plant or animal to grow and develop normally?
A) The organism must receive a supply of the appropriate hormones from its parents.
B) The organism must be able to control the timing and rate of cell division in different
parts of its body.
C) Sufficient light must be available to stimulate cell division.
D) Sufficient oxygen must be available to stimulate cell division.
If you carve your initials in the trunk of a tree, will they move up as the tree grows?
A) Yes. A tree elongates from the ground up.
B) Yes. Secondary growth will cause them to move up.
C) No. Elongation occurs just below the tips of growing stems in the apical meristems.
D) Yes. Growth continues in all parts of a plant throughout its life.
Ron and Tiffany modified the experiment to see how long it would take to pass 1,000
mL of fluid through each tube. Based on these results shown in the table, which tube
would it take the longest for 1,000 mL of fluid to flow through?
A) tube A
B) tube B
C) tube C
D) tube E
Cellulose differs from starch in that
A) starch is formed by plants and cellulose by animals.
B) most animals cannot break down cellulose, whereas starch is easily digested.
C) starch is made of glucose monomers, whereas cellulose is made of fructose
monomers.
D) cellulose is highly branched, whereas starch is unbranched.
Experiments have demonstrated that the “words” of the genetic code (the units that
specify amino acids) are
A) single nucleotides.
B) two-nucleotide sequences.
C) three-nucleotide sequences.
D) nucleotide sequences of various lengths.
Research since Mendel’s time has established that the law of segregation of genes
during gamete formation
A) applies to all forms of life.
B) applies to all sexually reproducing organisms.
C) applies to all asexually reproducing organisms.
D) is invalid.
A fertilizer with which of the following nitrogen-phosphorous-potassium ratios would
most likely solve the problem of yellowed leaves and stunted growth?
A) 20:0:0
B) 0:20:0
C) 0:0:20
D) 0:20:20
Which of the following options correctly represents the most likely sequence of the
evolution of plants, from earliest to most recent?
A) bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, gymnosperms, angiosperms
B) seedless vascular plants, bryophytes, angiosperms, gymnosperms
C) bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, angiosperms, gymnosperms
D) bryophytes, gymnosperms, seedless vascular plants, angiosperms
You are told that the cells on a microscope slide are plant, animal, or bacterial. You look
at them through a microscope and see cell walls and membrane-bound organelles. You
conclude correctly that the cells
A) are plant cells.
B) are animal cells.
C) are bacterial cells.
D) could be either plant or bacterial cells.
Suppose that the circular muscles in an earthworm have become selectively paralyzed
such that they are not able to contract. How will this affect the earthworm’s locomotion?
A) The earthworm will be able to elongate, but not get thicker.
B) The earthworm will be able to get thicker, but not elongate.
C) The earthworm will not be able to elongate or get thicker.
D) The earthworm will be able to crawl as normal.
What happens to the cotyledons of pea and maize seeds?
A) They remain in the soil and decompose.
B) They form a protective sheath around the developing root system.
C) They surround the base of the shoot to provide additional strength.
D) They immediately begin to use the sun’s energy in photosynthesis.
Which of the following statements about chimpanzee behavior is true?
A) Only female chimpanzees are organized in a dominance hierarchy.
B) Alpha males assert their status by making plant stems into tools for food extraction.
C) Social primates do not show reconciliation or pacification-type behaviors.
D) Grooming behavior is crucial to maintaining relationships within chimpanzee
groups.
Eukaryotes are ________ prokaryotes.
A) more ancient than
B) dependent upon
C) more widespread than
D) more numerous than
In the genetic code,
A) some codons specify more than one amino acid.
B) some codons consist of two nucleotides.
C) some amino acids are not specified by any codons.
D) many amino acids are specified by more than one codon.
A florist assembles a bouquet of flowers from the following:
1. lilies, which have long leaves with parallel veins
2. Queen Anne’s lace, also known as wild carrot because of its large taproot
3. buttercups, with their five lovely yellow petals
4. new shoots of daisies with two small cotyledons
This bunch of flowers contains
A) one eudicot and three monocots.
B) two eudicots and two monocots.
C) three eudicots and one monocot.
D) all eudicots and no monocots.
Most biodiversity hot spots are found in ________ regions.
A) western
B) tropical
C) temperate
D) tundra
This figure shows the hierarchy of classification of the cow, Bos primigenius.
Bos primigenius, the name of the cow, represents
A) the domain and kingdom names, which go in boxes A and B, respectively.
B) the class and kingdom names, which go in boxes H and I, respectively.
C) the genus and species names, which go in boxes A and B, respectively.
D) the class and phylum names, which go in boxes H and I, respectively.
The level of ecologic organization that incorporates abiotic factors is the
A) community.
B) ecosystem.
C) population.
D) species.
Which of the following statements about deuterostomes is true?
A) Deuterostomes lack true tissues.
B) Deuterostomes have only two tissue layers.
C) The opening that forms during deuterostome gastrulation becomes the anus.
D) The opening that forms during deuterostome gastrulation becomes the mouth.
Protecting the endangered black-footed ferret from extinction involved
A) captive breeding and reintroduction.
B) collecting individuals from multiple small populations and combining them into a
single large population.
C) vaccinating the remaining population against sylvatic plague.
D) providing food during harsh winters.
Nitrogen fixation consists of
A) the conversion of ammonia to nitrate.
B) the production of ammonium from decomposing organic matter.
C) the conversion of N2 to ammonia.
D) the conversion of N2 to ammonia or nitrate.
Information on latitude and longitude is provided to migrating animals through
A) olfactory clues.
B) celestial observation.
C) magnetic information.
D) spatial learning.
Which part of this figure shows the tube feet of the starfish?
A) structure A
B) structure B
C) structure C
D) structure D
If the hemoglobin molecules in your red blood cells suddenly were unable to bind
carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions, what would happen to your blood pH?
A) It would increase.
B) It would stay the same.
C) It would decrease.
D) There is not enough information to answer this question.
Which of the following is not a factor that contributes to normal cells becoming
cancerous?
A) the conversion of a proto-oncogene to an oncogene
B) damage to a tumor-suppressor gene
C) the production of more effective tumor-suppressor gene products
D) excessive replication of proto-oncogenes
During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level
phosphorylation take place?
A) glycolysis
B) the citric acid cycle
C) oxidative phosphorylation
D) glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
Blue-footed boobies have webbed feet and are comically clumsy when they walk on
land. Evolutionary scientists view these feet as
A) an example of a trait that is poorly adapted.
B) the outcome of a trade-off: Webbed feet perform poorly on land, but are very helpful
in diving for food.
C) an example of a trait that has not evolved.
D) a curiosity that has little to teach us regarding evolution.
Plants dependent on nocturnal (night-flying) pollinators typically have flowers that
A) absorb UV light.
B) are small.
C) are large, light-colored, and highly scented.
D) are located close to the ground and smell of rotting flesh.
Photosynthesis occurs in which type of plant tissue?
A) parenchyma
B) vascular cambium
C) epidermal tissue
D) collenchyma
If a person sits on a cool floor, heat from that person is transferred to the floor. This is
an example of
A) convection.
B) radiation.
C) conduction.
D) evaporation.