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Ethylene
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. Some letters may not be used.
a. flower each successive year or after several years of vegetative growth
b. promotes cell elongation in stems
c. has receptor sites for a particular hormonal message
d. a hollow, cylindrical organ that protects young leaves growing within it
e. blue-green pigment that absorbs light energy
f. low-temperature stimulation of flowering
g. stimulates stomata closure and might be involved in root geotropism
h. stimulates fruit ripening
i. reproduces in spring
j. produces only roots, stems, and leaves the first growing season and produces flowers
the second year
k. occurring on a 24-hour cycle
l. flowers in autumn
m. a nonhormonal plant growth regulator
n. lives for only one growing season
o. promotes stem elongation in plants
p. pigment involved in flowering process
About ____ percent of the 295,000 known species of flowering plants coevolved with
animal pollinators.
a. 50
b. 60
c. 70
d. 80
e. 90
Of the following organs, which is NOT in the abdominal cavity?
a. stomach
b. liver
c. heart
d. intestine
e. pancreas
The five reactions listed below occur during the noncyclic pathway of ATP formation.
Use them to respond to the following statements.
a. reduction of NADP+
b. phosphorylation of ADP
c. photolysis of water
d. oxidation of chlorophyll
e. reduction of chlorophyll
Oxygen is produced by this process.
Which of these statements is false regarding kidney stones?
a. They may become lodged inside a ureter or the urethra.
b. They may block urine flow.
c. A high carbohydrate diet increases the risk for their formation.
d. They may cause extreme pain.
e. They may lead to permanent kidney damage.
What do gametes, spores, and the gametophyte generation have in common?
a. They are all diploid.
b. They are all haploid.
c. They are present in vascular plants only.
d. They are all produced by meiosis.
e. They have none of these in common.
Respond to the following statements in reference to the four structures of the heart
listed below.
a. right atrium
b. left atrium
c. left ventricle
d. right ventricle
Blood is pumped to the majority of the body by this structure.
Which of the following is NOT true of the organism depicted in the figure below?
a. It represents a symbiotic relationship.
b. It contains two different organisms.
c. It is found in association with tree roots.
d. It can live in harsh climates.
e. It can break down the bedrock it colonizes.
Rapid communication throughout the body is accomplished by
a. neurons.
b. blood.
c. hormones.
d. muscles.
e. connective tissue.
In the above figure, which of the following would have a haploid number of
chromosomes?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
e. C and D
Which group includes all of the other groups?
a. domain
b. order
c. family
d. genus
e. species
The placenta
a. forms from endometrial and extraembryonic tissues.
b. will cover about one-fourth of the inner uterine surface at full term.
c. does not normally intermingle fetal blood with maternal blood.
d. secretes progesterone and estrogens that maintain the uterine lining during the second
and third trimesters.
e. does all of these.
The probability of producing a normal child by two parents who are carriers for an
autosomal recessive disorder is
a. 0%.
b. 25%.
c. 50%.
d. 75%.
e. 100%.
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of
respiratory systems listed below.
a. pharynx
b. larynx
c. trachea
d. bronchiole
e. alveolus
Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood circulatory system occurs here.
Endospores can resist
a. boiling water.
b. acids.
c. irradiation.
d. disinfectants.
e. all of these.
The main center for homeostatic control of the internal environment is the
a. pineal gland.
b. medulla oblongata.
c. hypothalamus.
d. thalamus.
e. cerebrum.
Eudicots
Choose the most appropriate response.
a. have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b. one cotyledon
c. non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d. Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e. only one species left
f. cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g. confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm
trees
h. two cotyledons
i. Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j. have coevolved with pollinating vectors
Egg-laying mammals
a. hatch fully developed young from their eggs.
b. are monotremes.
c. are hairless.
d. are confined to South America.
e. bear their young into permanent pouches.
Auxin
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. Some letters may not be used.
a. flower each successive year or after several years of vegetative growth
b. promotes cell elongation in stems
c. has receptor sites for a particular hormonal message
d. a hollow, cylindrical organ that protects young leaves growing within it
e. blue-green pigment that absorbs light energy
f. low-temperature stimulation of flowering
g. stimulates stomata closure and might be involved in root geotropism
h. stimulates fruit ripening
i. reproduces in spring
j. produces only roots, stems, and leaves the first growing season and produces flowers
the second year
k. occurring on a 24-hour cycle
l. flowers in autumn
m. a nonhormonal plant growth regulator
n. lives for only one growing season
o. promotes stem elongation in plants
p. pigment involved in flowering process
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five animal phyla listed below.
a. Annelida
b. Arthropoda
c. Mollusca
d. Echinodermata
e. Rotifera
Trilobites were members of this phylum.
Which of the following statements concerning production of bryophyte reproductive
cells is true?
a. Spores and gametes are produced by meiosis.
b. Spores and gametes are produced by mitosis.
c. Spores are produced by meiosis, whereas gametes are produced by mitosis.
d. Spores are produced by mitosis, whereas gametes are produced by meiosis.
e. Spores and gametes are both used for sexual reproduction.
Post-translational controls of gene expression include
a. activation of enzymes.
b. inhibition of enzymes.
c. stabilization of enzymes.
d. allosteric enzyme control.
e. all of these.
balanced polymorphism
Choose the most appropriate letter for each.
a. a reference point that implies stability of gene frequencies through generations
b. encompasses all of those actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are
reproductively isolated from other such groups
c. the genes of an entire population
d. the frequency of homozygous dominants in a population
e. the frequencies of dominant and recessive alleles in a population
f. the frequency of heterozygotes in a population
g. the frequency of homozygous recessives in a population
h. heterozygote advantage in regions where malaria is found
i. pesticide-resistant pests
The column of water extending in tubes from plant roots to leaves is maintained by
a. cohesion among water molecules.
b. ionic bonds.
c. covalent bonds.
d. hydrophobic interactions.
e. hydrophilic interactions.
Mycorrhizae are
a. the small roots in the root systems of trees.
b. endosymbiotic bacteria associated with plant roots.
c. fungus and root mutualistic associations.
d. parasitic fungal infections of tree roots.
e. endosymbiotic fungal cells associated with leaves.
Which of the following is NOT true of human chromosomes?
a. The haploid number is 23.
b. The diploid number is 46.
c. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes.
d. Human gametes end up with two of each type of 23 chromosomes.
e. Human gametes end up with one of each type of 23 chromosomes.
Two hydrogen bonds connect adenine to __________ in the DNA molecule.
Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below:
a. guanine
b. cytosine
c. pyrimidine
d. thymine
e. uracil
The major divisions of the peripheral nervous system are the
a. somatic and autonomic systems.
b. sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
c. peripheral and central systems.
d. afferent and autonomic systems.
e. cranial and skeletal nerves.
Use the figure above showing three models for predator response to prey density to
answer the following questions.
The ability of predators to eat and digest prey determines the number of prey captured
as is shown in
a. type I response.
b. type II response.
c. type III response.
d. types I and II.
e. none of these.
Amniotes differ from earlier vertebrates by
a. their large size.
b. their three-chambered heart.
c. their internal fertilization.
d. the possession of a slimy skin.
e. having external scales.
Corpus callosum
Choose the most appropriate answer.
a. integrates body position, motions, balance
b. in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding
c. messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness
d. the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech
e. all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
f. acetylcholine is an example
g. reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
h. axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
i. at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and
emotional behavior
j. motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
k. membrane coverings over brain spinal cord
l. contains the tectum; receives and integrates sensory information that is largely sent on
to the forebrain for further neural processing
m. connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
n. group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
o. contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water
balance
