Algal blooms deplete the water of
a. oxygen.
b. carbon dioxide.
c. nitrogen.
d. phosphorus.
e. calcium.
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five stages or structures
involved in the development of the human egg.
a. oogonium
b. primary oocyte
c. secondary oocyte
d. polar body
e. corpus luteum
This structure contains a full haploid set of chromosomes but will never be fertilized.
Four of the five items listed below are organelles found in eukaryotic cells. Select the
exception.
a. mitochondrion
b. Golgi body
c. nucleoid
d. lysosome
e. vacuole
The level of the oceans is rising due to:
a. ozone depletion.
b. global warming.
c. lost species biodiversity.
d. increased precipitation.
e. acid rain.
Which of the following is NOT true concerning conifers?
a. They form seeds in female cones.
b. They have needlelike and scale-like leaves.
c. They have a thick cuticle.
d. They have motile sperm.
e. They are mostly evergreen.
ADH
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. do not maintain the same body temperature at all times; are capable of internal heat
production
b. heat energy is released to the air when liquid water converts to gaseous form
c. bulk flow of protein-free plasma from capillaries into Bowman’s capsule
d. animals with more or less constant body temperature
e. emission of heat from body surface when environmental temperature is lower than
the body temperature
f. movement of ions from peritubular capillaries into nephron tubules
g. loss of too much body heat
h. heat next to the body’s surface undergoes mass transport by air or water currents
i. active and passive transport of solutes from peritubular capillaries into the glomerular
capillaries
j. a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine
k. body temperatures rise and fall with environmental changes
l. secreted by adrenal glands; influences sodium reabsorption
m. passive transport of water; active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron
into peritubular capillaries
n. heat energy is transferred from high to low temperature regions due to collisions
between adjacent molecules
o. released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary in response to hypothalamic signals
p. toxic substances are extracted from blood circulating in cellophane tubes suspended
in a warm-water bath
q. erection of hairs and feathers by smooth muscles in the skin
The influenza virus can infect:
a. humans
b. pigs
c. birds
d. humans and pigs
e. humans, pigs and birds
Which of the following is not a response to rising body temperature?
a. Increased rate of breathing.
b. Decreased secretion of hormones that stimulate activity.
c. More sweat.
d. Blood flow to skin reduced.
e. Increased rate of breathing.
Bones are held together at joints by
a. tendons.
b. intercellular junctions.
c. ligaments.
d. cartilage.
e. collagen.
Glandular epithelium
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.
a. ligaments and tendons are made of this
b. contains collagen and elastin; acts as a packing material that supports internal organs
c. receives, conducts, and initiates signals in response to environmental changes
d. stores fat
e. offers resistance to mechanical injury and loss of internal fluids; also a barrier against
microorganisms
f. secretes extracellular products such as sweat, mucus, tears, and saliva
g. fluid ground substance plus free cells; involved in transport, pH, and temperature
stability
h. extracellular fluid that bathes cells and tissues
Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
The releasing site for the hormones of this figure is indicated by
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. E.
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a. gives rise to periderm
b. nucleate phloem cells that help load and unload the phloem
c. dead cells with perforation plates; more efficient at water conduction than other
xylem cells
d. living nonnucleated cells that conduct food from photosynthetic source area to
storage sink area
e. a cylinder of parenchyma cells outside the vascular tissue but inside the endodermis
f. clusters of strands containing xylem, phloem, and vascular cambium
g. dead cells without perforation plates; the principal xylem cells of nonflowering
vascular plants
h. cells with thick secondary walls impregnated with lignin that are especially abundant
in some fruits and seeds
i. the principal photosynthetic region of a leaf
j. regions that can undergo mitosis
k. gas exchange and storage plus photosynthesis
Sclereids
To answer the following questions refer to the four items listed below.
a. cDNA
b. restriction enzyme
c. reverse transcriptase
d. gene library
This is from a viral source and catalyzes reactions to construct DNA strands from
mRNA.
The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching
the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type.
a. hydrogen
b. ionic
c. covalent
d. polar covalent
e. double bond
the bond between the atoms of table salt (NaCl)
Respond to the following statements in reference to the five hormones listed below.
a. estrogen
b. luteinizing hormone
c. somatotropin
d. oxytocin
e. antidiuretic hormone
Uterine contractions are induced by this hormone.
Which of the following is NOT true about the enzyme telomerase?
a. It can re-establish telomere length.
b. It is found in stem cells.
c. It is responsible for telomere shortening.
d. It may slow the aging process.
e. It is highly expressed in cancer cells.
Answer the following questions with reference to the bones listed below.
a. clavicle
b. lumbar vertebra
c. tibia
d. metatarsal
e. metacarpal
This bone is not part of the appendicular skeleton.
Which of the following is most likely the cause of the current extinction crisis?
a. asteroid impact
b. human activity
c. adaptive radiation
d. tectonic activity
e. climate change
Gene flow
a. has a homogenizing influence on a population.
b. speeds up the divergence of two populations.
c. increases the genetic variation between populations.
d. is promoted by isolating mechanisms.
e. promotes inbreeding.
The following items are organelles found in animal cells. Respond to the statements
below with reference to these organelles.
a. ribosome
b. mitochondrion
c. lysosome
d. Golgi body
e. endoplasmic reticulum
This organelle is involved in lipid production and protein transport.
Select the best disorder listed below to match the following statements.
a. Galactosemia
b. Turner syndrome
c. Klinefelter’s syndrome
d. hemophilia A
e. Down syndrome
For this disorder, both a phenotypic cure and a genotypic cure are potentially possible.
Chromatid
Choose the one most appropriate response for each.
a. cytoplasm apportioned between the two daughter cells
b. final phase of mitosis; daughter nuclei re-form
c. two sister chromatids are joined here
d. chromosomes condense and mitotic spindle begins to form
e. chromosomes line up at spindle equator
f. sister chromatids separate, move to opposite spindle poles
g. about 25 nm in diameter; form mitotic spindle
h. half of a chromosome in prophase
i. in pairs in some eukaryotic cells; move to poles during spindle formation
Lamins are
a. myosin.
b. microtubules.
c. intermediate filaments.
d. microfilaments.
e. all of these.
The significance of Fred Griffith’s experiment in which he used two strains
ofStreptococcus pneumoniae is that
a. pathogenic bacteria function differently in mice than in other organisms.
b. it demonstrated that harmless bacteria can become transformed into disease-causing
bacteria by bacteria a transformation factor.
c. it established that pure DNA extracted from disease-causing bacteria transformed
harmless strains into killer strains.
d. dead cells lose their genetic information.
e. the genetic material is DNA, not protein.
The following questions refer to the figure above illustrating logistic growth.
The effect of population growth limiting factors begin to become evident at about
a. A.
b. B.
c. C.
d. D.
e. E.
Respond to the following statements with reference to the five biomes listed below.
a. tundra
b. grassland
c. desert
d. taiga
e. savanna
This biome has the richest soils.
Use the five processes listed below for the following questions.
a. glycolysis
b. aerobic respiration
c. anaerobic electron transfer
d. alcoholic fermentation
e. lactate fermentation
In this one-step process, the final product is lactate.
Match the cause with the disorder.
a. autosomal recessive inheritance; lactose metabolism is blocked
b. nondisjunction of the twenty-first chromosomal pair
c. X-linked recessive inheritance
d. nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes
Hemophilia A
The solvent, cohesive, and temperature stabilization properties of water are due to its
a. ability to promote hydrophilic interactions.
b. ionic bonds.
c. hydrogen bonds.
d. ability to promote hydrophobic interactions.
e. nonpolar nature.
Although, it is not known the exact cause of colony collapse disorder, all of the
following EXCEPT ____ are contributing factors.
a. acute paralysis virus
b. parasites
c. neonicotinoids
d. herbicides
e. all of these
The electron transfer chain is located
a. on the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
b. on the inner membrane of the chloroplasts.
c. in the fluid part of the chloroplast.
d. throughout the cytoplasm of the cell.
e. on the plasma membrane of eukaryotes.
Instinctive behavior is
a. an innate response.
b. a fixed action pattern.
c. not altered by experience.
d. triggered by a specific stimulus
e. all of these.
Sexual reproduction has many benefits from a genetic standpoint. Can you think of any
downside to sexual reproduction?
Both C4 and CAM plants have modified carbon fixation – how do they each do carbon
fixation and what is the benefit of each of these types of carbon fixation?
__________ are evidence of life in the distant past.
With __________ speciation, populations in physical contact speciate.
Labeling.
Sensory neuron
In horses, there are four alleles at the A locus. Arranged in dominance sequence they
are:
A (wild), ab (bay), ac (brown), ad (black)
If you bred several bay mares whose sires were brown to a brown stallion whose sire
was black, what are the genotypes of the parents; what type of offspring would be
produced; and in what proportion?
An __________ consists of hardened parts inside the body.
Are perfect flowers really perfect?
pharynx
Write the empirical formula for a carbohydrate.
In temperate-zone lakes, a __________ and a fall overturn cause vertical mixing of
waters and trigger a burst of productivity.
Explain why mutualism is sometimes viewed as “reciprocal exploitation”.
Invertebrate chordates include __________ and __________, both marine filter-feeders.
Auxins lengthen coleoptiles, shoots, and roots by promoting cell __________.
According to the __________, the universe formed about 13 to 15 billion years ago and
is still expanding.