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1) essential plant nutrients include carbon, potassium, calcium, and nitrogen.
2) the cephalochordates possess an atrium that is used to filter microscopic food
particles out of the water.
3)
the cylinders in this experiment represent a 24-hour period. the light area represents
light periods during a 24-hr. period and the dark area represents dark periods during a
24-hr. period. the critical length of dark vs. light periods for flowering is depicted by the
dotted line. note that some plants are flowering and some are not flowering.
auxin stimulates leaf release, while ethylene keeps leaves from falling.
4) living things are composed only of organic elements, whereas nonliving things are
made up of inorganic elements
5) stomates allows carbon dioxide into the leaf and water out of the leaf under normal
environmental conditions.
6) telomerase is an enzyme that unwinds dna during dna replication.
7)
the cylinders in this experiment represent a 24-hour period. the light area represents
light periods during a 24-hr. period and the dark area represents dark periods during a
24-hr. period. the critical length of dark vs. light periods for flowering is depicted by the
dotted line. note that some plants are flowering and some are not flowering.
short-day plants flower when the day length is shorter than the critical length, but the
required dark period is interrupted by a flash of light.
8) both living and nonliving entities are composed of chemical elements
9) the first event in the calvin cycle is the attachment of carbon dioxide to the
five-carbon rubp molecule, which forms a six-carbon molecule that immediately breaks
down into two three-carbon pga molecules.
10) the pectoral girdle is adapted for great strength, whereas the pelvic girdle is more
adapted for flexibility.
11) which is not true about the chromosomes of a multicellular organism?
a. they are made up of dna and protein.
b. each chromosome is replicated into two chromatids during the s phase of interphase.
c. each chromosome separates into two daughter chromosomes by binary fission.
d. all cells contain chromosomes that carry the same genetic information.
incorrect
12) which of the following factors can lead to diabetes insipidus?
a. abnormally low level of adh secretion from the hypothalamus which results in low
levels of adh in the posterior pituitary, preventing the reabsorption of water in the
kidneys.
b. abnormally high level of adh secretion from the hypothalamus which results in low
levels of adh in the posterior pituitary, preventing the reabsorption of water in the
kidneys.
c. abnormally low level of adh secretion from the hypothalamus which results in high
levels of adh in the posterior pituitary, increasing the reabsorption of water in the
kidneys.
d. abnormally low level of oxytocin secretion from the hypothalamus which results in
low levels of adh in the posterior pituitary, preventing the reabsorption of water in the
kidneys.
e. abnormally low level of adh secretion from the hypothalamus which results in low
levels of adh in the posterior pituitary, increasing the reabsorption of water in the
kidneys.
13) active genes in eukaryotic cells are associated with
a. euchromatin.
b. heterochromatin.
c. methylated rna and histones.
d. dna with many methyl groups.
14) which of the following ions is affected by gibberellins and is also involved in signal
transduction?
a. h+
b. ca2+
c. na+
d. mg2+
15) if the members of a population are small in size, mature early, and have high parity
and fecundity, they are ______.
a. k-strategists
b. r-strategists
c. neither k-strategists nor r-strategists, but have characteristics of both.
16) generally, it is not possible to determine whether nondisjunction failed to occur in
oogenesis or spermatogenesis. however, it is possible to assert that _________ resulted
in nondisjunction in __________.
a. xxy; oogenesis
b. xyy; spermatogenesis
c. xxx; oogenesis
d. xxy; spermatogenesis
e. xo; oogenesis
17) what phase of mitosis is pictured?
a. prophase
b. prometaphase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase
e. telophase
18) vertebrates without jaws would be the
a. rays.
b. turtles.
c. lampreys.
d. eels.
19) which of the following nitrogenous waste products is secreted by organisms that
live in water and have body surfaces in direct contact with water?
a. ammonia
b. urea
c. uric acid
d. all of the above.
e. none of the above.
20) consider that a species of salmon lays 20,000 eggs per pair when it spawns and dies.
at the end of five years, an average of one pair of mature salmon from this group of
hatched eggs returns again to spawn in the parent stream (19,998 have not survived).
what is the growth rate of this population?
a. 10,000, because there were that many eggs produced per parent fish (r)
b. 2,000, because this must be divided by five years
c. zero, because there is exact replacement of the previous generation
d. 2,000, because there was this much average die-off per year
e. 19,998, because there was this much total loss
