One of the ways that Just-In-Time (or JIT) influences quality is that by reducing
inventory, bad quality is exposed.
Random number intervals are based on cumulative probability distributions.
An advantage of work sampling is that it completely breaks down work elements.
The idea behind simulation is threefold: (1) to imitate a real-world situation
mathematically, (2) then to study its properties and operating characteristics, and
( finally to draw conclusions and make action decisions based on the results of the
simulation.
The tool that calculates which process has the lowest cost at any specified production
volume is a crossover chart.
The region that satisfies all of the constraints in graphical linear programming is called
the region of optimality.
The last four months of sales were 8, 10, 15, and 9 units. The last four forecasts were 5,
6, 11, and 12 units. The Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) is
A) 2
B) -10
C) 3.5
D) 9
E) 10.5
The list of 5S’s, although it looks like a housekeeping directive, supports lean
production by
A) identifying non-value items and removing them, in the ‘sort/segregate” item
B) reducing inventory, in the ‘standardize” item
C) increasing variability through standardized procedures, in the ‘standardize” item
D) eliminating wasted motion through ergonomic studies, in the ‘support” item
E) building good safety practices, in the ‘shine/sweep” item
Which of the following is true regarding the use of simulation?
A) It is always very easy to build a simulation model.
B) It is very inexpensive to use a simulation model.
C) It always yields optimum solutions.
D) It allows time-compression in testing major policy decisions.
E) Few constraints, if any, have to be considered.
A small, independent amusement park collects data on the number of cars with
out-of-state license plates. The sample size is fixed at n=25 each day. Data from the
previous 10 days indicate the following number of out-of-state license plates:
(a) Calculate the overall proportion of “tourists” (cars with out-of-state plates) and the
standard deviation of proportions.
(b) Using ± 3 limits, calculate the LCL and UCL for these data.
(c) Is the process under control? Explain.
The field of operations management is shaped by advances in which of the following
fields?
A) chemistry and physics
B) industrial engineering and management science
C) biology and anatomy
D) information technology
E) all of the above
Which of the following is true of a p-chart?
A) The lower control limit is found by subtracting a fraction from the average number
of defects.
B) The lower control limit indicates the minimum acceptable number of defects.
C) The lower control limit equals D3 times p-bar.
D) The lower control limit may be at zero.
E) The lower control limit is the same as the lot tolerance percent defective.
Three types of processes are
A) goods, services, and hybrids
B) manual, automated, and service
C) process focus, repetitive focus, and product focus
D) modular, continuous, and technological
E) input, transformation, and output
Which of the following makes products that are friendlier to the environment?
A) using less materials
B) more recycled materials
C) using less energy
D) using less harmful ingredients
E) all of the above
What is the EMV for Option 1 in the following decision table?
A) 15,000
B) 17,000
C) 17,500
D) 18,500
E) 20,000
The center-of-gravity method does not take into consideration the
A) location of markets
B) volume of goods shipped to the markets
C) value of the goods shipped
D) combination of volume and distance
E) center-of-gravity method considers none of the above
When making a location decision at the country level, which of these would be
considered?
A) corporate desires
B) land/construction costs
C) air, rail, highway, waterway systems
D) zoning restrictions
E) location of markets
A waiting-line system that meets the assumptions of M/M/1 has » = 1, ¼ = 4. For this
system, the probability of more than two units in the system is approximately
A) zero
B) 0.015625
C) 0.0625
D) 0.25
E) 0.9375
A queuing model which follows the M/M/1 assumptions has » = 10 and ¼ = 12. The
average number in the system is
A) 0.83
B) 2
C) 2.5
D) 5
E) 6
For an x-bar chart where the standard deviation is known, the Upper Control Limit
A) is 3 . below the mean of sample means for a 3 control chart
B) is 3 . above the mean of sample means for a 3 control chart
C) is 3 . / below the mean of sample means for a 3 control chart
D) is 3 . / above the mean of sample means for a 3 control chart
E) Cannot be calculated unless the average range is known.
A bakery uses 5 containers that hold 3 cakes. Daily demand is 10 cakes and safety stock
is 5 cakes. What is the lead time?
Suppose that a constraint for assembly time has a shadow price of $50/hour for 15
hours in either direction and that all available assembly time is currently used (would
require overtime to do more). If the salary of workers is $30 and they receive 50% extra
pay for overtime what should management do?
__________ means a job that is not only reasonably safe and for which the pay is
equitable, but which also achieves an appropriate level of both physical and
psychological requirements.
The main focus of JIT efforts to reduce investment in inventory requires __________.
What is input-output control?
With regard to the scheduling decision, how are goods-producing organizations
different from service companies? Discuss.
What are operations charts used for?
A product was priced assuming an 80% learning rate. How much extra labor (in $) will
be required on the 4th product if the learning rate is actually 90%? Assume that labor
costs $10/hour and the first unit cost $100 to produce.
Environmental Glass Products, Inc. wants to build a new centralized facility to receive
household, commercial, and industrial glass for recycling. This center will be supplied
by trucks coming from four “collection points,” where recyclable glass is dropped off
by individuals and businesses. The volume and the map coordinates for the four
collection centers are shown below. Where should the collection center be located?
A(n) __________ is a timetable that specifies what is to be made and when.