53) State the benefits and problems of the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA). What steps
have been taken by the government of California to address these problems?
54) Which of the following is true of the Occupational Safety and Health Agency?
A) Its fixed budget allows it to perform the same number of inspections every year.
B) Its safety standards are unanimously supported by labor unions across all industries.
C) It has to communicate the date of inspection to an employer one day in advance.
D) It undertakes educational programs among employers and employees.
55) The Occupational Safety and Health Administration pursues a catastrophe and fatality
investigation when ________.
A) it learns of a hazard that can be expected to cause physical harm or death
B) an accident hospitalizes five or more workers or causes a death
C) employees go on strike in protest of an unsafe work environment
D) an employee alleges a violation and requests an inspection
56) Which of the following is true of an inspection procedure at a workplace by a safety and
health compliance officer?
A) The officer is not required to check the company records during inspection.
B) The officer arrives at the workplace within two days of informing the employer about the
inspection.
C) The officer conducts the inspection alone and cannot be accompanied by the employer or an
employee.
D) The officer discusses any apparent violations with the employer.
57) Which of the following designations is granted by the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration to companies that have created particularly safe workplaces?
A) “Best” work sites
B) “Star” work sites
C) “Top” work sites
D) “Ace” work sites
58) Which of the following events occurs during the opening conference in a consultation
provided by an Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) official to an employer?
A) The consultant studies the entire workplace or the specific operations designated by the
employer and discusses the applicable OSHA standards.
B) The consultant sends the employer a detailed written report explaining the findings and
confirming any abatement periods agreed upon.
C) The consultant places a confidential phone call to OSHA informing it about the safety
standards being violated by the employer.
D) The consultant meets with the employer to briefly review the consultant’s role and the
obligations of the employer.
59) Which of the following events occurs when an employer contests the issuance of a citation
by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) before the Occupational Safety
and Health Review Commission (OSHRC)?
A) A hearing is conducted before an administrative law judge.
B) A hearing is conducted before the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
C) A trial is conducted before a jury of twelve members.
D) An investigation is conducted by a special committee set up by Congress.
60) Which agency under the Occupational Safety and Health Act primarily functions as a
research facility?
A) Occupational Safety and Health Administration
B) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
C) Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission
D) National Labor Relations Board
61) Which of the following is true of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH)?
A) It was established under the Fair Labor Standards Act to identify occupational health and
safety problems.
B) It provides the Occupational Safety and Health Administration with information on which the
agency bases many of its “criteria documents.”
C) It is an independent review body before which an employer can contest the issuance of a
citation by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
D) It decides the amount of penalty that an employer must pay after receiving a citation from the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
62) Which of the following is true of a walk-through during a consultation provided by an
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) official to an employer?
A) The consultant places a confidential phone call to OSHA informing it about the safety
standards being violated by the employer.
B) The consultant meets with the employer to briefly review the consultant’s role and the
obligations of the employer.
C) The consultant sends the employer a detailed written report explaining the findings and
confirming any abatement periods agreed upon.
D) The consultant studies the entire workplace or the specific operations designated by the
employer and discusses the applicable OSHA standards.
63) The Occupational Safety and Health Act is designed to provide a workplace free from
recognized hazards that are likely to cause death or serious harm to employees.
64) The standards set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration are unanimously
supported by labor unions across all industries.
65) The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is charged with enforcing the
Occupational Safety and Health Act through inspections announced at least two days in advance.
66) The Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission is an independent review body
before which an employer can contest the issuance of a citation by the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration.
67) The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health functions primarily as a research
facility that attempts to make its findings on hazards available to those who can use them.
68) Explain how the Occupational Safety and Health Administration sets safety standards and
enforces them.
69) Explain the different steps involved in a consultation provided by an Occupational Safety
and Health Administration (OSHA) official to an employer.
70) Which of the following is true of the Omnibus Crime Control Act?
A) It allows employers who have banned personal calls to listen to the private telephone
conversations of employees.
B) It allows employers to disclose the contents of private electronic communications of
employees.
C) It prohibits employers from listening to the private telephone conversations of employees.
D) It prohibits employers from intentionally intercepting electronic communications of
employees.
71) Under the provisions of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, in which of the
following situations is an employer permitted to monitor private telephone conversations of an
employee?
A) The employee does not have the employer’s permission to speak to a customer.
B) The employee uses a telephone in an office other than the employee’s office.
C) The employee uses a telephone during normal working hours.
D) The employee has consented to the monitoring.
72) Which of the following is a provision under the Drug-Free Workplace Act?
A) It requires employers who receive federal aid to develop an antidrug policy for employees.
B) It requires employers who do business of $10,000 or more with the federal government to
provide drug-free awareness programs for employees.
C) It requires employers who receive aid from nonprofit corporations to make employees aware
of assistance programs for those with drug problems.
D) It requires employers who do business of $10,000 or more with the state government to warn
employees of penalties for violating the company’s drug-free policies.
73) In which of the following cases will an employer be justified in upholding random testing for
drug use by an employee?
A) The employee poses a safety risk to others by doing a job while under the influence of drugs.
B) The employee has been informed orally about the company’s random drug-testing policy.
C) The employee does not undertake a periodic physical examination.
D) The employee had failed his pre-employment drug test.
74) Which of the following forms of pre-employment testing has stimulated the greatest amount
of legal action?
A) skills testing
B) aptitude test
C) medical test
D) polygraph testing
75) The Electronic Communications Privacy Act extended employees’ privacy rights to
electronic forms of communication, including email and cellular telephones.
76) Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding immigration law in the United
States?
A) The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 requires employers to hire only those
people who can legally work in the United States.
B) The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 is administered by the Interstate
Commerce Commission.
C) Employers are required to verify the eligibility of all job applicants.
D) Employment verification is done by having the applicant complete an eligibility form, also
known as an I-9, for at least 3 years.
77) Employment verification is done by having an applicant complete an eligibility form, also
known as Form ________, for at least ________.
A) EB-1; three years
B) H-1B; two years
C) I-9; three years
D) S-7; two years
78) An employer can be fined up to ________ and imprisoned up to ________ months for each
undocumented worker they have hired.
A) $12,000; 2
B) $15,000; 4
C) $16,000; 6
D) $18,000; 7
79) A total of ________ green cards are offered each year to people whose job skills are needed
in the United States.
A) 140,000
B) 270,000
C) 770,000
D) 1.25 million
80) Of the following, who is least likely to receive preferential treatment for the issuance of a
green card?
A) a migrant agricultural worker
B) an outstanding researcher
C) a professional athlete
D) the chief operations officer of a multinational company
81) The ________ visa is issued to an employee in a professional or specialty occupation when
the employer can show difficulty in recruiting qualified workers in the United States.
A) EB-1
B) FHS-2
C) H-2A
D) H-1B
82) What minimum degree of educational attainment is generally required for the issuance of an
H-1B visa?
A) high school diploma
B) bachelor’s degree
C) master’s degree
D) No degree of educational attainment is required, since skill level (however acquired) and the
employer’s particular need for the worker are the operative criteria for the issuance of an H-1B
visa.
83) The annual cap on H-1B visas is currently set at ________.
A) 65,000
B) 95,000
C) 175,000
D) 1.2 million
84) An employee with an EB-1 visa can apply for U.S. citizenship, usually within ________.
A) six months
B) 1 year
C) 4 years
D) 5 years
85) Approximately how many EB-1 visas are issued each year?
A) fewer than 50,000
B) 75,000
C) 83,000
D) more than 125,000
86) The employment-based, first-preference visa is also known as the ________ visa.
A) EB-1
B) FHS-2
C) H-2A
D) H-1B
87) The H-1B visa is generally good for ________.
A) 3 months
B) 6 months
C) 1 year
D) 3 years
88) The H-1B visa can be renewed for ________.
A) 3 months
B) 6 months
C) 1 year
D) 3 years
89) The ________ program allows U.S. employers who meet specific regulatory requirements to
bring foreign nationals to the United States to fill ________ jobs.
A) A1-A; manufacturing
B) H-2A; agricultural
C) A1-A; food service
D) H-2A; construction
90) The H-2A program issues ________ visas.
A) permanent
B) temporary
C) manufacturing employment
D) construction employment
91) Approximately 20 percent of the U.S. workforce consists of undocumented workers.
92) Migrant workers are entitled to top priority in the issuance of a green card.
93) The H-1B visa is issued to an employee in a professional or specialty occupation when the
employer can show difficulty in recruiting qualified workers in the United States.
94) An employee with an EB-1 visa cannot apply for U.S. citizenship.
95) The EB-1 program allows U.S. employers who meet specific regulatory requirements to
bring foreign nationals to the United States to fill temporary agricultural jobs when there are not
enough U.S. workers who are able, willing, qualified, and available to do the temporary work.
96) Describe the H-1B and EB-1 visas.
97) Which of the following statements is true about parental leave benefits for workers in
countries other than the United States?
A) Most European countries, like the United States, require a guaranteed unpaid leave.
B) In France, Austria, and Finland, paid parental leave begins 3 months before childbirth.
C) French working mothers are entitled to an additional paid leave until their children reach 2
years of age.
D) Paid parental leave extends to 10 weeks after birth in France, 8 weeks in Austria, and almost
1 year in Finland.
98) What is the difference between the vacation benefits for workers offered by the United States
and those offered by European countries?
A) The United States offers employees typically up to two weeks of vacation benefits, whereas
European countries do not allow employees more than a week’s vacation time.
B) Employers in most European nations grant vacation benefits to workers but workers in the
United States are not allowed any vacation benefits.
C) Unlike the United States, most European nations mandate a minimum amount of annual
vacation time for employees.
D) European countries mandate that employees must work on public holidays to compensate for
their vacation, whereas in the United States, workers are granted a minimum paid vacation time.
99) Which of the following organizations developed the International Covenant on Economic,
Social, and Cultural Rights to ensure that workers around the world receive certain rights and
benefits?
A) International Labor Organization
B) World Trade Organization
C) International Court of Justice
D) United Nations Commission on Human Rights
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100) In France, Austria, and Finland, paid parental leave begins 6 weeks before childbirth; it
extends to 10 weeks after birth in France, 8 weeks in Austria, and almost 1 year in Finland.