Multiple Choice
1. Historically, the common law permitted employers to:
a. hire workers only with government approval
b. fire workers only with government approval
c. hire and fire which ever workers they wished
d. fire workers for reasons listed in an employee handbook
e. none of the other choices
2. Historically, the common law permitted employers to:
a. hire workers only with government approval
b. fire workers only with government approval
c. fire workers at any time for “good cause”
d. fire workers for reasons listed in an employee handbook
e. none of the other choices
3. Jim Crow laws were federal and state laws that:
a. supported, and even required, racial segregation and labor market discrimination
b. restricted racial segregation and labor market discrimination
c. restricted unions‘ ability to discriminate based on sex
d. restricted unions’ ability to discriminate based on race
e. none of the other choices are correct
4. Jim Crow laws were federal and state laws that:
a. prohibited racial segregation and labor market discrimination
b. restricted racial segregation and labor market discrimination
c. restricted unions‘ ability to discriminate based on sex
d. restricted unions’ ability to discriminate based on race
e. none of the other choices are correct
5. The drive for civil rights in employment and other aspects of life became a national movement in the:
a. late 1970s
b. early 1960s
c. early 1950s
d. mid 1990s
e. mid 1980s
6. The first federal law that specifically addressed equal employment issues was the:
a. Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959
b. Civil Rights Act of 1964
c. National Labor Relations Act of 1935
d. Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
e. Equal Pay Act of 1963
7. The first federal law that specifically addressed equal employment issues was the:
a. Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959
b. Civil Rights Act of 1964
c. National Labor Relations Act of 1935
d. Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
e. none of the other choices
8. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 was:
a. the first federal employment discrimination statute
b. the most recent federal employment discrimination statute
c. the first state employment discrimination statute
d. a major setback for supporters of antidiscrimination legislation
e. none of the other choices are correct
9. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 was:
a. the last in a series of federal employment discrimination statutes
b. the most recent federal employment discrimination statute
c. the first state employment discrimination statute
d. a major setback for supporters of antidiscrimination legislation
e. none of the other choices are correct
10. The Equal Pay Act:
a. prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of age
b. prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation
c. prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of seniority
d. encourages pay discrimination on the basis of nationality
e. prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of sex
11. The Equal Pay Act:
a. prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of age
b. prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation
c. prohibits pay discrimination on the basis of seniority
d. encourages pay discrimination on the basis of nationality
e. none of the other choices are correct
12. Under the , it is illegal to pay men and women employees different wages when their jobs require equal skill,
effort, responsibility, and the same working conditions
a. Equal Conditions Act
b. Equal Compensation Act
c. Equal Pay Act
d. Civil Rights Act
e. Common Wage Act
13. Under the , it is illegal to pay men and women employees different wages when their jobs require equal skill,
effort, responsibility, and the same working conditions
a. Equal Conditions Act
b. Equal Compensation Act
c. Common Wage Act
d. Civil Rights Act
e. none of the other choices are correct
14. It is illegal to pay men and women employees different wages when their jobs require which of the following:
a. equal skill
b. equal effort
c. equal responsibility
d. the same working conditions
e. all of the other specific choices are correct
15. The Equal Pay Act allows differences in wages between men and women employees if the differences are due to:
a. a system that measures earnings by quantity produced
b. a merit system
c. a seniority system
d. a system that measures earnings by quantity produced or a merit system
e. a system that measures earnings by quantity produced or a merit system or a seniority system
16. Under the Equal Pay Act, men and women may be paid different wages if:
a. wages are based on a seniority system
b. wages are based on a merit system
c. wages are based on quantity of production
d. wages are based on quality of production
e. all of the other choices are correct
17. Under the Equal Pay Act, pay differentials on the basis of sex are eliminated by:
a. lowering the wages received by men
b. lowering the wages received by women
c. raising the wages received by women
d. raising the wages received by men
e. giving stock options to the group discriminated against
18. Under the Equal Pay Act, pay differentials on the basis of sex are eliminated by:
a. lowering the wages received by men
b. lowering the wages received by women
c. raising the wages received by men
d. giving stock options to the group discriminated against
e. none of the other choices
19. Violations of the Equal Pay Act can result in what corrective action? Employees:
a. paid too little must be given back wages to equalize their past low earnings
b. paid too little may be given a payment beyond the amount of back wages they are due to penalize the
employer
c. who successfully sue their employer may be awarded attorney’s fees and court costs
d. paid too little must be given back wages to equalize their past low earnings and who successfully sue their
employer may be awarded attorney’s fees and court costs
e. paid too little must be given back wages to equalize their past low earnings and who successfully sue their
employer may be awarded attorney’s fees and court costs and paid too little may be given a payment beyond
the amount of back wages they are due to penalize the employer
20. The most important antidiscrimination employment law is:
a. Title V of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
b. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
c. Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1963
d. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1963
e. the Equal Pay Act of 1963
21. The most important antidiscrimination employment law is:
a. Title V of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
b. the Equal Pay Act of 1963
c. Title I of the Civil Rights Act of 1963
d. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1963
e. none of the other choices are correct
22. The agency given the power to file suits against employers and unions believed to be violating Title VII of the Civil
Rights Act is the:
a. National Labor Relations Board
b. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
c. Department of Labor
d. Equal Pay Commission
e. U.S. Civil Rights Commission
23. The agency given the power to file suits against employers and unions believed to be violating Title VII of the Civil
Rights Act is the:
a. National Labor Relations Board
b. U.S. Civil Rights Commission
c. Department of Labor
d. Equal Pay Commission
e. none of the other choices
24. Which of the following is an amendment to the Civil Rights Act of 1964:
a. the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
b. the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978
c. the Civil Rights Act of 1991
d. all of the other specific choices are amendments
e. none of the other specific choices are amendments
25. Title VII applies to employers with:
a. any number of workers
b. five or more workers
c. ten or more workers
d. fifteen or more workers
e. fifty or more workers
26. For Title VII of the Civil Rights Act to apply, an employer must have:
a. at least 5 employees
b. no more than 50 employees
c. at least 15 employees
d. at least 10 employees
e. at least 100 employees
27. For Title VII of the Civil Rights Act to apply, an employer must have:
a. at least 5 employees
b. no more than 50 employees
c. at least 100 employees
d. at least 10 employees
e. none of the other choices are correct
28. Individual states:
a. may not have civil rights acts that apply to employers exempt from Title VII
b. may have civil rights acts that apply to employers exempt from Title VII
c. may not have civil rights acts that protect additional classes of employees not covered by Title VII
d. may exempt employers from any Title VII regulation
e. none of the other choices are correct
29. Individual states and cities:
a. may not have civil rights acts that apply to employers exempt from Title VII
b. may have civil rights acts that protect additional classes of employees not covered by Title VII
c. may not have civil rights acts that protect additional classes of employees not covered by Title VII
d. may exempt employers from any Title VII regulation
e. none of the other choices are correct
30. San Francisco’s civil rights law that prohibits employment discrimination based on height or weight is an example of:
a. a prohibited practice of having different civil rights laws for different cities
b. the federal government extending discrimination coverage in a certain area
c. a city‘s illegal extension of discrimination coverage beyond Title VII
d. a city’s extension of discrimination coverage beyond Title VII
e. none of the other choices are correct
31. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act protects all of the following classes from employment discrimination except:
a. race
b. color
c. national origin
d. women who are not pregnant
e. all of the other choices are protected
32. Besides regular private employers, Title VII applies to which of the following?
a. labor unions
b. employment agencies
c. government agencies
d. labor unions and employment agencies
e. labor unions and employment agencies and government agencies
33. Title VII applies to regular private employers; which of the following does it not apply to?
a. labor unions
b. employment agencies
c. government agencies
d. it does not apply to any of the other specific choices
e. it applies to all of the other specific choices
34. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act applies to which of the following:
a. private employers with 15 or more employees
b. employment agencies
c. labor unions in the private sector
d. labor unions in the public sector
e. Title VII applies to all of the other specific choices
35. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act does not apply to which of the following:
a. business relationships
b. employment agencies
c. labor unions in the private sector
d. law firms
e. Title VII applies to all of the other specific choices
36. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act does not apply to which of the following:
a. selection of independent contractors
b. employment agencies
c. labor unions in the private sector
d. law firms
e. Title VII applies to all of the other specific choices
37. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act applies to which of the following:
a. private employers with 15 or more employees
b. employment agencies
c. labor unions in the private sector
d. law firms
e. Title VII applies to all of the other specific choices
38. Under Title VII, a protected class may be composed of people who share the same:
a. race
b. gender
c. religion
d. national origin
e. all of the other choices
39. Which is not a protected class under Title VII:
a. race
b. political affiliation
c. religion
d. national origin
e. all of the other choices are protected classes
40. Which is not a protected class under Title VII:
a. race
b. sexual orientation
c. religion
d. national origin
e. all of the other choices are protected classes
41. Under Title VII, officially recognized racial classes include:
a. whites
b. Native Americans
c. Hispanics
d. whites and Native Americans
e. whites, Native Americans and Hispanics
42. Which is not an officially recognized racial group under Title VII:
a. Hispanics
b. Asians
c. Arabs
d. Native Americans
e. all of the other choices are recognized
43. Which is not an officially recognized racial group under Title VII:
a. Hispanics
b. Asians
c. whites
d. Native Americans
e. all of the other choices are recognized
44. The Supreme Court’s ruling in McDonald v. Santa Fe Trail Transportation, where an African-American
employee and a white employee had stolen property from their employer and the African-American employee was
reprimanded but allowed to keep his job while the white employee was fired, showed that:
a. whites are not protected under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
b. while Title VII recognizes whites as a protected class, in practice whites are not protected
c. whites are protected under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
d. whites are only protected in cases involving Hispanics
e. none of the other choices are correct
45. A black and a white employee committed the same offense. The black employee was disciplined but not fired, the
white employee was fired. The Supreme Court held that this treatment was:
a. legal under Title VII
b. improper reverse discrimination, which violates Title VII
c. proper if the employer had an affirmative action program to favor black employees
d. proper since whites are not protected by Title VII and, therefore, cannot claim protection
e. proper, since under Title VII minorities may be given preferential treatment
46. A black and a white employee committed the same offense. The black employee was disciplined but not fired, the
white employee was fired. The Supreme Court held that this treatment was:
a. legal under Title VII
b. proper, since under Title VII minorities may be given preferential treatment
c. proper if the employer had an affirmative action program to favor black employees
d. proper since whites are not protected by Title VII and, therefore, cannot claim protection
e. none of the other choices
47. Reverse discrimination is:
a. preferential treatment of whites
b. preferential treatment of men
c. preferential treatment of a protected class
d. discrimination against African-Americans
e. none of the other choices
48. The preferential treatment of members of protected classes is:
a. reverse discrimination
b. irrational discrimination
c. legal discrimination
d. equalizing discrimination
e. guilt-driven discrimination
49. The preferential treatment of members of protected classes is:
a. guilt-driven discrimination
b. irrational discrimination
c. legal discrimination
d. equalizing discrimination
e. none of the other choices are correct
50. Employers may legally see to it that more minorities or women are hired without committing reverse discrimination
if:
a. minorities or women are underrepresented in a certain job category
b. minorities or women comprise more than 75% of the company
c. there is a union for the unprotected classes of workers
d. the minority or female candidates are less qualified than the candidates from unprotected classes
e. none of the other choices are correct
51. The most common basis for a discrimination complaint is:
a. sex
b. race
c. experience
d. age
e. religion
52. The most common claim of discrimination, which makes up about 36% of charges filed, is:
a. sex
b. race
c. experience
d. age
e. religion
53. About 36% of discrimination charges filed every year are based on discrimination for:
a. sex
b. race
c. experience
d. age
e. religion
54. Under Title VII, color refers to:
a. the shade of a person’s skin
b. a person’s race
c. a person’s national origin
d. a person‘s sexual orientation
e. none of the other choices are correct
55. If Joe, an African-American employer with light skin, discriminates against Omar, an African-American employee
with dark skin, Omar will most likely file a discrimination claim based on:
a. sex
b. race
c. national origin
d. color
e. religion
56. Title VII restricts discrimination based on:
a. appearance
b. experience
c. national origin
d. attitude
e. education
57. Title VII restricts discrimination based on:
a. appearance
b. experience
c. education
d. attitude
e. none of the other choices
58. Under Title VII, national origin refers to:
a. the country where a person is born or the country from which his or her ancestors came
b. the country where a person lives
c. the color of a person‘s skin
d. the religion of a person’s ancestors
e. the country a person most recently lived in
59. The group that brings the most discrimination claims based on national origin is:
a. whites
b. Asians
c. Native Americans
d. Hispanics
e. none of the other choices are correct