268. An unfair labor practice case is decided by the National Labor Relations Board. If one of the parties to the case is
unhappy with the decision or refuses to comply with the order, the appeal will go to:
a. an administrative law judge
b. federal district court
c. a magistrate
d. no appeal is allowed; enforcement is by U.S. marshal
e. none of the other choices
269. If an unfair labor practice case makes it to the U.S. Court of Appeals and one party still refuses to accept the
decision:
a. there are no further steps to be taken
b. the case may be taken for final review by the U.S. Supreme Court
c. the case may be taken for final review by Congress
d. the case may be taken for final review by the U.S. Labor Board
e. none of the other choices are correct
270. The powers of the National Labor Relations Board include:
a. monitoring of unfair labor practices
b. representing the NLRB in court
c. determining if employees want to be represented by a union
d. monitoring of unfair labor practices and determining if employees want to be represented by a union
e. monitoring of unfair labor practices and determining if employees want to be represented by a union and
representing the NLRB in court
271. The National Labor Relations Board is composed of members chosen by:
a. Congress and is considered to be quite political
b. the President and it considered to be quite political
c. unions and management in equal numbers and so tends to have many internal disputes
d. the Supreme Court and is considered to be independent of politics
e. the Civil Service Board based on merit and experience with the agency itself
272. The National Labor Relations Board’s composition changes based on:
a. whether the current President of the United States is “pro-labor” or “pro-management”
b. whether the current President of the United States is in his first or second term
c. whether Democrats or Republicans have a majority in the Senate
d. whether Democrats or Republicans have a majority in the House of Representatives
e. the NLRB’s composition does not change because there must always be a balance of “pro-labor” and “pro-
management” members
273. If the National Labor Relations Board determines that an employer has committed an unfair labor practice, which
of the following remedies may it impose on the employer?
a. force the employer to provide back pay for lost wages
b. issue an order requiring the employer to bargain with the union
c. issue a cease and desist order against the employer
d. post notices in the workplace of the employer’s unfair practices
e. any of the other choices
274. If the National Labor Relations Board determines that an employer has committed an unfair labor practice, which
of the following remedies may it not impose on the employer?
a. force the employer to provide back pay for lost wages
b. it may not impose jail time for order violations
c. issue a cease and desist order against the employer
d. post notices in the workplace of the employer’s unfair practices
e. none of the other choices
275. Posting a notice of unfair practices in the workplace, issuing a cease and desist order, providing back pay for lost
wages, reinstating dismissed workers, and issuing an order to bargain with the union are all examples of:
a. remedies the NLRB may impose on an employer that has committed an unfair labor practice
b. remedies the NLRB may not impose on an employer that has committed an unfair labor practice
c. remedies workers may impose on an employer that has committed an unfair labor practice
d. remedies employers may impose on a union that has committed an unfair labor practice
e. none of the other choices are correct
276. For a work force to unionize which of the following will normally happen?
a. a committee of interested employees will be formed
b. a union agent will contact employees to determine the level of interest in unionization
c. an employee, or group of employees, will contact a union for assistance
d. authorization cards asking for an election will be issued
e. all of the other choices
277. A move to unionize might come from:
a. interested employees
b. a union organizer
c. an employer
d. both a and b are correct
e. none of the other choices are correct
278. China has recently:
a. created a legal system for employment matters equivalent to that in most western countries
b. failed to recognize any rights for workers
c. been favoring employers over employees in all labor disputes
d. allowed employers to discriminate against employees with Hepatitis B
e. none of the other choices are correct
279. In a movement to unionize, employees of a company sign:
a. an official union-request scroll
b. individual union work sheets
c. authorization cards
d. NLRB documentation forms
e. none of the other choices
280. For the NLRB to oversee a representation election, at least what percent of employees must request an election?
a. 20%
b. 30%
c. 50%
d. 66.6%
e. 80%
281. For the NLRB to oversee a representation election, at least what percent of employees must request an election?
a. 20%
b. 50%
c. 66.6%
d. 75%
e. none of the other choices
282. If 30% or more of the employees of a company sign authorization cards collected by a union organizer then the
organizer will request a(n) from the NLRB.
a. bargaining election
b. representation election
c. union election
d. employment manager election
e. leader election
283. Which of the following could be a union bargaining unit:
a. all workers at a company
b. the workers at one plant
c. workers in certain skills at one or more work sites
d. all of the other specific choices are correct
e. none of the other specific choices are correct
284. During a union election, which of the following may employers say?
a. that all employees will be fired if they unionize
b. that employees who join the union will be fired
c. that they will close a plant if a union is voted in
d. b and c are permissible
e. none of the other choices are legal
285. During a union campaign employers may not do which of the following:
a. promise a pay raise if the workers defeat the union
b. argue about the real problems the company sees with unionization
c. discuss the implications of actions proposed by the potential union
d. all of the other specific choices are correct
e. none of the other specific choices are correct
286. In general, the NLRB and the courts will not permit outside union organizers access to:
a. employees who wish to unionize
b. employees who oppose unionization
c. management of companies that compete with the company opposing unionization
d. the property of a company opposing unionization
e. none of the other choices
287. During a union election, which of the following may employers say?
a. that all employees will be fired if they unionize
b. that employees who join the union will be fired
c. that they will close a plant if a union is voted in
d. that unionization will have bad economic consequences for the firm and for employees
e. none of the other choices are legal
288. Which of the following statements may an employer make without engaging in an unfair labor practice?
a. threaten to fire employees if they vote to unionize
b. threaten to close operations if employees vote to unionize
c. tell employees they may lose jobs if unionization leads to lower profits for the employer
d. all of the other choices
e. a and b
289. If over half of the employees at a workplace vote for union representation, the NLRB will:
a. hold an election to determine which union workers want to represent them
b. certify the union as the exclusive bargaining agent for all employees in the bargaining unit
c. certify the union as the exclusive bargaining agent for all employees and require all employees to join the
union
d. certify the union as the exclusive bargaining agent for the employees who voted for the union, whether they
join the union or not
e. certify the union as the exclusive bargaining agent for the employees who voted for the union and require
those who voted for the union to join it
290. If over half of the employees at a workplace vote for union representation, the NLRB will:
a. hold an election to determine which union workers want to represent them
b. certify the union as the exclusive bargaining agent for the employees who voted for the union and require
those who voted for the union to join it
c. certify the union as the exclusive bargaining agent for all employees and require all employees to join the
union
d. certify the union as the exclusive bargaining agent for the employees who voted for the union, whether they
join the union or not
e. none of the other choices
291. Union certification is granted by the NLRB if:
a. more than 50 percent of the employees of a company vote for the union
b. more than 30 percent of the employees of a company vote for the union
c. the manager of the company applies for it
d. the union organizer applies for it
e. none of the other choices are correct
292. Certification of a union by the NLRB means the union will:
a. represent only those employees who voted for it
b. be the exclusive bargaining agent for all employees
c. represent all employees, but the employer is not bound to recognize it
d. represent employees only in wage disputes
e. represent dues-paying union members only
293. Certification of a union by the NLRB means the union will:
a. represent only those employees who voted for it
b. represent dues-paying union members only
c. represent all employees, but the employer is not bound to recognize it
d. represent employees only in wage disputes
e. none of the other choices
294. What role does the NLRB play in a representation election?
a. it supervises the election
b. it tells employees about the costs and benefits of unionization for an unbiased view
c. it certifies the election results
d. it supervises the election and certifies the election results
e. supervises the election and certifies the election results and tells employees about the costs and benefits of
unionization for an unbiased view
295. A place of employment where all employees are represented by a union and most employees are union members,
but non-union workers must pay fees to the union, is called:
a. an agency shop
b. a union shop
c. a closed shop
d. a yellow–dog shop
e. none of the other choices
296. A place of employment where all employees are represented by a union and most employees are union members,
but non-union workers must pay fees to the union, is called:
a. an NLRB shop
b. a union shop
c. a closed shop
d. a yellow–dog shop
e. none of the other choices
297. In an agency shop nonunion employees are represented by the union and have
paychecks that go to cover the costs of union services.
a. union fees
b. agency fees
c. tax fees
d. no fees
e. non-participant fees
deducted from their
298. In Chicago Teachers Union, regarding agency fees paid by nonunion workers to unions at unionized workplaces,
the Supreme Court held that the union must:
a. provide an explanation for how the fees are being spent
b. allow challenges to the amount of fees charged
c. refund any fees challenged by workers as being used for political purposes
d. provide an explanation for how the fees are being spent and allow challenges to the amount of fees charged
e. provide an explanation for how the fees are being spent and allow challenges to the amount of fees charged
and refund any fees challenged by workers as being used for political purposes
299. In Chicago Teachers Union, regarding agency fees paid by nonunion workers to unions at unionized workplaces,
the Supreme Court held that which of the following requirements must be fulfilled with regard to agency fees paid
by nonunion workers:
a. an adequate explanation of the basis for the fee
b. a reasonably prompt explanation of the basis for the fee
c. an opportunity to challenge the fee before an impartial decision maker
d. an escrow account for the amounts in dispute while challenges are pending
e. all of the other specific choices are correct
300. In the Beck case, where non-union workers at AT&T were required by a union to pay “agency fees,” instead of
union dues, to contribute to the expense of representing these workers in collective bargaining. The Supreme Court
held that the union:
a. violated the First Amendment rights of non–union workers
b. violated the Taft-Hartley Act
c. acted legally because Congress had ruled courts may not place restrictions on union dues
d. impermissibly interfered with interstate commerce
e. had improperly spent agency fees on political action
301. In the Beck case, where non-union workers at AT&T were required by a union to pay “agency fees,” instead of
union dues, to contribute to the expense of representing these workers in collective bargaining. The Supreme Court
held that the union:
a. violated the First Amendment rights of non–union workers
b. violated the Taft-Hartley Act
c. acted legally because Congress had ruled courts may not place restrictions on union dues
d. impermissibly interfered with interstate commerce
e. none of the other choices
302. As illustrated by the Supreme Court ruling in the Beck case, where non-union workers at AT&T were required by
a union to pay “agency fees,” instead of union dues, to contribute to the expense of representing these workers in
collective bargaining:
a. unions are free to use dues from members on political action
b. unions are not free to use due equivalents from nonmembers on political action
c. unions may never use any dues or agency fees for political action
d. unions may not require agency fees
e. unions may not require members to pay dues
303. The result of the decision from the Supreme Court’s Chicago Teachers Union and Beck decisions has been that:
a. unions no longer spend agency fees on political activities
b. unions generally ignore the rulings and they are hard to enforce
c. non-union members no longer have to pay agency fees
d. Congress repealed the Taft-Hartley Act
e. none of the other choices
304. The Supreme Court has held in several cases that unions are not to use agency fees for political purposes without
permission. As a result:
a. unions generally ignore the law
b. the National Labor Relations Board has developed a procedure to ensure that the Court’s ruling is upheld
c. unions have generally quit using agency fees for political purposes
d. such fees have been redirected to charitable purposes
e. there never was such a ruling by the Supreme Court, so this question is not relevant
305. State right-to-work laws are allowed by:
a. the Taft-Hartley Act
b. the Wagner Act
c. the Right to Work Act
d. the Union Act
e. the Anti-Union Act
306. State right-to-work laws are allowed by:
a. the Anti-Union Act
b. the Wagner Act
c. the Right to Work Act
d. the Union Act
e. none of the other choices are correct
307. In non-right-to-work states, employees at unionized workplaces are required to pay agency fees, equal to a large
percent of union dues, if they refuse to pay union dues. According to the Supreme Court, a union may:
a. collect agency fees from non-members to use for political purposes since that is a “basic union activity”
b. collect agency fees from non–members for political purposes only if they fully disclose how the funds are
spent
c. collect agency fees from non–members, but must explain how fees are determined so that the non-members
do not have to pay fees used for political purposes
d. not collect agency fees from non–members if the union is involved in any political activities
e. none of the other choices are correct
308. In non-right-to-work states, employees at unionized workplaces are required to pay agency fees, equal to a large
percent of union dues, if they refuse to pay union dues. According to the Supreme Court, a union may:
a. collect agency fees from non-members to use for political purposes since that is a “basic union activity”
b. collect agency fees from non–members for political purposes only if they fully disclose how the funds are
spent
c. not charge union dues or agency fees in excess of the actual costs of administering the collective bargaining
process
d. not collect agency fees from non–members if the union is involved in any political activities
e. none of the other choices are correct
309. A right-to-work law:
a. prohibits agency shops in states that pass such laws
b. protects non-union members from having to pay agency fees
c. allows some employees to free-ride in the collective bargaining process
d. prohibits agency shops in states that pass such laws and allows some employees to free–ride in the collective
bargaining process
e. prohibits agency shops in states that pass such laws and allows some employees to free-ride in the collective
bargaining process and protects non-union members from having to pay agency fees
310. Unions are opposed to right-to-work laws because they claim that the laws:
a. prevent the unions from using dues for political action
b. allow some employees to be free riders because can benefit from the union without having to pay dues
c. allow some employees to have more influence than others in union decisions
d. give employers more power over unions
e. none of the other choices are correct
311. Right-to-work laws:
a. increase union effectiveness
b. retard union effectiveness
c. have no effect on union effectiveness
d. make workers more likely to join a union
e. none of the other choices are correct
312. Carl works at a unionized workplace where the collective bargaining agreement requires all employees to pay union
dues or agency fees. He refuses to join the union, which demands he pay an agency fee, part of which would be
used for political purposes. Assuming this is not a right-to-work state:
a. union dues and agency fees must be equal
b. Carl must pay agency fees, but is not supposed to have to pay fees to support political activities
c. Carl may not be forced to pay any fees to the union
d. Carl may not be forced to pay union fees or be represented by a union without permission
e. none of the other choices
313. Carl works at a unionized workplace where the collective bargaining agreement requires all employees to pay union
dues or agency fees. He refuses to join the union, which demands he pay an agency fee, part of which would be
used for political purposes. Assuming this is not a right-to-work state:
a. union dues and agency fees must be equal
b. Carl must pay whatever agency fees the union believes necessary to fulfill its mission
c. Carl may not be forced to pay any fees to the union
d. Carl may not be forced to pay union fees or be represented by a union without permission
e. none of the other choices
314. XYZ moves from New Jersey (a non–right-to-work state) to Texas (a right-to-work state). The union continues to
represent XYZ’s employees. In Texas, employees can:
a. be required to join the union before they start to work
b. be required to join the union after 30 days on the job
c. can decide to have nothing to do with the union
d. be forced to pay fees to the union, but do not have to join the union
e. force the union to pay them money
315. XYZ moves from New Jersey (a non–right-to-work state) to Texas (a right-to-work state). The union continues to
represent XYZ’s employees. In Texas, employees can:
a. be required to join the union before they start to work
b. be required to join the union after 30 days on the job
c. force the union to pay them a sum equal to union dues
d. be forced to pay fees to the union, but do not have to join the union
e. none of the other choices
316. Collective bargaining refers to the process by which the:
a. union solicits support for itself
b. employees solicit support for unionization
c. employer solicits support for non–unionization
d. employer and the union negotiate an employment contract
e. employer and the union negotiate a right-to-work law
317. Collective bargaining refers to the process by which the:
a. union solicits support for itself
b. employees solicit support for unionization
c. employer solicits support for non–unionization
d. employer and the union negotiate a right-to-work law
e. none of the other choices
318. The process by which the employer and the union, on behalf of workers in a bargaining unit, negotiate a labor
contract is:
a. collective bargaining
b. grievance arbitration
c. certification
d. authorization
e. none of the other choices
319. The process by which the employer and the union, on behalf of workers in a bargaining unit, negotiate a labor
contract is:
a. featherbedding
b. grievance arbitration
c. certification
d. authorization
e. none of the other choices
320. Unions and employers who negotiate contracts have a duty to bargain in good faith. This means both sides must do
all of the following except:
a. agree to meet at reasonable times
b. must be willing to make proposals
c. must explain reasons behind certain proposals
d. must consider proposals of the other party
e. all of the other choices are elements of good faith bargaining